Can you distinguish group psychology? -202 1 Tianjin teacher recruitment examination

& gt& gt& gt202 1 Summary of Teacher Recruitment Announcement in Tianjin

& gt& gt& gt202 1 Tianjin Teacher Recruitment Examination Announcement and Publicity Summary (continuously updated)

First, knowledge analysis.

Group influence is the content of psychology, which is relatively difficult to understand and needs students to understand and remember. In the exam, this part of the content is mostly investigated by objective questions. The understanding of these knowledge points is generally in the form of concept inversion or case inversion. Although the frequency of exams is not high, if they appear in exams, it will easily make students make mistakes and lose points. Therefore, it is very important to memorize and fully understand the concepts and grasp the key points of each category.

Group influence mainly includes: social encouragement and social inhibition, social idleness, social standardization tendency, conformity and obedience, altruistic behavior and aggression, depersonalization.

1. Social encouragement and social inhibition

Social encouragement or social promotion means that the existence of others or activities with others can promote the efficiency of individual activities.

For example, if you run with others, you will find that you will run faster than usual.

Others present: The score of excellent pool players increased from 765,438+0% to 80% because there are four observers around.

Social inhibition or social interference means that the existence of others or activities with others will reduce the efficiency of activities.

For example, when you are studying, someone singing next to you will think that you can't learn and your learning efficiency is very low.

2. Social slack

Social loafing means that many people work together, which will reduce their enthusiasm for activities. In other words, to complete a task, when working in a collective way, individuals pay less effort than individuals. For example, we often say that one monk carries water to drink, two monks carry water to drink, and three monks have no water to drink. This is the phenomenon of social inertia.

Confusion distinction

Social inertia often occurs in cooperation with a goal, and personal achievements are not calculated separately;

Social interference focuses on the influence of others' presence on personal work.

3. The trend of social standardization

The tendency of social standardization was first discovered by Sharif, which means that in a group, the behavior of group members will be influenced and restricted by group norms, narrowing the differences and tending to the same opinions, viewpoints and behavioral tendencies.

4. Obedience and obedience

① Compliance.

Conformity means that individuals change their perception, judgment, understanding, etc. Under the pressure of real or imagined groups, let yourself behave in line with public opinion or most people. Conformity is divided into real conformity, expedient conformity and non-conformity.

For example, some students don't smoke and don't want to smoke, but most of their partners smoke. They also start smoking in order to coordinate their relationship with others.

② Obey

Obedience is a social phenomenon in which individuals act according to social requirements, group norms or the wishes of others.

For example, if the police ask the driver to stop, the driver must pull over.

Confusion distinction

In conformity, the individual is voluntary and active, while in obedience, the individual is passive and acts according to the requirements of others.

5. Altruistic behavior and aggression

Altruistic behavior refers to the voluntary behavior of helping others without expecting anything in return. Its characteristics mainly include: voluntariness, altruism, gratuitousness and loss.

For example, take the initiative to donate anonymously to children without financial conditions.

Aggression, also known as aggression, is an act of intentionally hurting others and causing them physical or psychological pain. Its main characteristics are: dominant, harmful and intentional.

deindividuation

De-individualization, also called personality disappearance, refers to the fact that individuals in a group have lost responsibility for their actions and feel that responsibility should be borne by everyone, thus weakening or disappearing the role of the self-control system and doing things that normal individuals will not do.

Concept summary people will lose their personal feelings in groups.

For example, collective heckling, fighting and chasing each other, and dumping sewage and garbage in collective dormitory buildings.

Reasons include anonymity and low self-awareness.

Confusion distinction

Decentralization of responsibilities means that when an emergency happens, if there are other people present, the responsibility of those present to help will be reduced, that is, they have not done what they should do in the group. For example, if someone falls in a crowd, what kind of people will they see? If I don't help, someone else will? Psychology, so is doing nothing.

De-individualization emphasizes that the role of individual self-control system in the crowd is weakened and it is easy to produce violence and anti-moral behavior. For example, a child falls into the water, and a group of people watch the fun instead of going into the water to save people. Including those who can swim, are very caring at ordinary times, and even have experience in saving people, are watching the excitement and completely forget their identity and skills.

Second, exercise questions

1. The characteristic of multiple-choice aggressive behavior is ().

A. it is a conscious and purposeful behavior. B. It's explicit behavior.

C. this is an act of hurting others. This is an unintentional behavior.

1. Answer ABC. Analysis: Aggressive behavior refers to the intentional injury to the physical and mental health of others, which is a conscious explicit behavior. So the answer is ABC.

2. Choose three monks without water, and the reaction () works.

A. social idleness B. obedience C. depersonalization D. conformity

2. Answer A. Analysis: This question examines group influence.

Item A: Social loafing refers to the phenomenon that many people work together, which will reduce the enthusiasm of individual activities. That is, when the group completes a thing together, the individual pays less effort than when they complete it alone. For example, during the cleaning, students who usually study hard also become lazy.

Item B: Obedience is a social phenomenon in which individuals act according to social requirements, group norms or the will of others. Disagree with the question and rule it out.

Item C: De-individualization means that under the influence of group pressure or group consciousness, individuals will weaken their self-directed function or lose their sense of responsibility, resulting in some behaviors that individuals will not appear when they are alone. Disagree with the question and rule it out.

Item D: Conformity is a social phenomenon in which individuals give up their opinions and adopt behaviors consistent with most people under group pressure. Disagree with the question and rule it out.

The question is what? Three monks have no water to drink? It reflects the phenomenon that many people work together and their enthusiasm is reduced, that is, the society is idle. So the correct answer is a.

3. Single choice? Do as the Romans do? It reflects ().

A. conformity B. obedience C. social promotion D. group polarization

3. Answer A. Analysis: This question examines the concept of conformity.

Option a, conformity refers to the change of behavior or belief and the accompanying behavior pattern of individuals under the pressure of real or imagined groups. They have initiative.

Option b, obedience is a social phenomenon in which individuals act according to social requirements, group norms or the will of others, and it is passive.

Option C, option social encouragement or social promotion, means that the existence of others can promote the efficiency of individual activities.

Option d, group polarization means that in group decision-making, there is often an extreme tendency, that is, either to turn to the risky pole or to the conservative pole.

Question stem? Do as the Romans do? It is the individual who actively changes his behavior in the group and keeps the group consistent, so choose item A in this question.

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