Paths and ideas for developing green food apples in the Weibei region of my country Weibei region

With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of their awareness of food safety, nutrition, and health care, people's demand for safe, high-quality, pollution-free green apples is increasing day by day. Especially after joining the WTO, developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan have become more and more detailed in their apple safety testing indicators and higher and higher testing standards. They have vigorously developed green food apples, researched and promoted related supporting technologies for their production as soon as possible, and gradually improved our country's green food. The apple production system has continuously improved the international competitiveness of our country's fruit products and has become the theme of my country's apple production today.

my country's Weibei Loess Plateau region has sufficient sunlight, deep soil, and large temperature differences between day and night. It is a famous advantageous apple industry planting area in my country. It has the natural advantage of producing green food apples. It is the largest and most ecological apple growing area to date. It is an apple eugenic zone with excellent environment, fastest planting development and high economic benefits. However, the production of green food apples is a complex systematic project. To achieve the leap-forward development of green food apples in Weibei region, the following work must be done

1. Fully understand green The significance and necessity of food apple production

1.1 Definition of green food apple

Green food apple refers to following the principle of sustainable development and in a specific way Production, a general name for pollution-free, safe, high-quality and nutritious apples that have been recognized and approved by specialized agencies to use the green food mark. At present, my country's green food is divided into Class A and Class AA according to quality standards. The green food mark is protected by the "Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China" and is a standardized and purified production with full quality control from field to table. process.

1.2 Developing green apple production is conducive to the sustainable development of the apple industry

Developing green food apple production can not only protect the agricultural ecological environment, but also help protect consumption. It can not only improve the health of workers, but also promote economic development, which is necessary to implement sustainable agricultural development strategies and rationally develop natural resources.

1.3 The development of safe, nutritious, pollution-free green food apples has become a common pursuit of consumers around the world. At present, improving the quality and safety of agricultural products are two major issues that must be solved in agricultural production at this stage. Nowadays, consumers are no longer satisfied with the status quo of eating enough, but are pursuing green foods that are both nutritious and beneficial to health to improve people's quality of life.

1.4 The development of green food apples is conducive to improving the competitiveness of our country’s apples in the international and domestic markets.

The development of green apples is conducive to meeting the challenges of the world and improving our country’s competitiveness. Apple’s competitiveness in international and domestic markets. After joining the WTO, the international market has put forward higher requirements for the quality and hygiene of my country's agricultural products. Excessive residues of pesticides, nitrites, heavy metals and hormones in fruits have had a great impact on my country's apple exports. With the continuous deepening of foreign trade, the "green barriers" of agricultural product quality have an increasing impact on my country, and At the same time, a large number of foreign fruits are pouring into the Chinese market. In order to ensure the share of our country's apples in the domestic market, we must also develop pollution-free, pollution-free, nutritious and safe green foods.

1.5 The development of green food apples is an effective way to improve the overall efficiency of the fruit industry

The development of green apple production is conducive to the transformation of apples from quantity to quality and benefit. The transformation will help improve the economic benefits of apples and increase farmers' income. Therefore, the development of green apples has very broad prospects. Green apple production is based on a eugenic environment, with safety, high quality, and nutrition as standards, and with the goal of meeting consumer needs. It can achieve the organic unity of "ecological benefits, social benefits, and economic benefits" and is the key to improving the overall benefits of the fruit industry. effective way.

1.6 The development of green apples is an inevitable requirement for my country’s economic and social development

Apples are one of my country’s major foreign exchange-earning agricultural products. We are facing the dual tasks of developing the economy and protecting the environment. How to limit the use of synthetic substances such as fertilizers and pesticides, control pollution in the production process, change the traditional fruit production method, and rely on a complete standard system before, during and after production to regulate greenness. Apple production has become an inevitable trend in my country's economic and social development.

2. Detailed study of the production characteristics and key links of green apples

In addition to the characteristics of the fruit tree industry itself, the production of green fruits In addition, it also has the following characteristics:

2.1 Green apple production cycle is long and different. In addition to the fruit-bearing tree itself, big apple production is not limited. There are also differences in growth stages such as budding, flowering, fruiting, growth and dormancy within a year, as well as life growth and development stages such as sapling stage, early fruit stage, full fruit stage, and senescence stage. The growth period is long and there are great differences between individuals. , the production process is affected by both market and natural factors, and the industrial characteristics are outstanding.

2.2 The production of green apples is a systematic project. Apple production is a large-scale, industrialized production. It not only focuses on the final product, but also emphasizes the control and management of the production process. The development of green apples is organized and guided by the government. It is an "organizational behavior" taken to coordinate the relationship between "environment-food-health". It involves horticulture, ecology, environment, nutrition, hygiene and other disciplines, spanning production, processing, storage and transportation, sales, environmental protection, scientific research, education and other departments and industries. It is a "collective action". Pay attention to the comprehensive application of multi-disciplinary knowledge principles, emphasize the integration of production, supply and marketing and the standardization and standardization of production. It requires mutual coordination and balance between subsystems such as production bases, environmental testing, product testing, market operations, scientific research, and education, and between factors at all levels of the system. The goal is to obtain maximum ecological, social and economic benefits. .

2.3 Organizational management of green apples

Green apple production is a rigorous systematic project with the rigor of organizational management. It starts from the selection of good ecology Environmental manpower requires that standardized technologies and management measures be implemented in the production process to every enterprise, every farmer, and every product, throughout all aspects of agricultural production before, during, and after production, and no pollution problems are allowed in any link. , the production of green apples relies on high and new technologies and is a systematic, standardized and industrialized production system.

2.4 The development of green apples is based on market reputation

Green apples are a commodity. Reputation is the expression of the competitiveness of the commodity market, and quality is the indicator of the commodity market. The basis of credibility. Therefore, the production and development of green apples is based on real quality, and is a high-quality and safe apple that can withstand consumer inspection.

2.5 Green apple production is guaranteed by scientific management and legal supervision

Green apple production is a standardized, standardized and industrialized production that requires Scientific means should be used to standardize environmental monitoring, quality inspection, production operating procedures, packaging, storage and transportation standards, and label management of apples should be implemented in accordance with the law. It is necessary to strictly control quality inspection and market management, supervise the use of trademarks in accordance with the law, and protect the legal status of green apples and the rights and interests of consumers.

2.6 The production benefits of green apples are significant

Generally, it is difficult for conventional apple production to take into account the "ecological benefits, economic benefits, and social benefits" and often sacrifice the ecological benefits. To obtain economic benefits at the expense of efficiency, or to focus on ecological benefits without economic benefits or with extremely low economic benefits. Green apple production can achieve the coordination and unity of 13 benefits.

3. Effectively strengthen the organizational management and macro-coordination of green apples

Green apple production is a strict system project. Its production management requires the support of four major systems:

3.1 Strict quality standard system

The production of green food apples follows the environmental quality standards and production technology standards of the place of origin. , product standards, product packaging standards and storage and transportation standards constitute a complete production quality standard system, which is a standardized production process with full quality control "from field to table".

3.2 Scientific and standardized management methods

my country’s green apples implement unified and standardized label management. The green food label is registered with the State Administration for Industry and Commerce. A trademark is strictly protected by the Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China, and its specific operation is completely handled according to the nature of the trademark. Therefore, green food is a quality certification act during the identification process, and becomes a trademark management act after identification. In other words, green food label management combines quality certification and trademark management. To achieve this combination, the identification of green food not only has the rigor and authority of product quality certification, but also has the legal status of trademark use.

3.3 Efficient organizational network system

Green apple production organizes scattered farmers and enterprises through associations and rural economic cooperative organizations to enter the green apple industry. Only in the production and marketing sequence can green apples develop healthily. my country's Green Food Development Center has built three organizational management systems and formed an efficient network: First, it has entrusted branch management agencies across the country; second, it has entrusted relevant provinces and regions to Environmental monitoring agencies with metrology certification qualifications are responsible for environmental monitoring and evaluation of green food apple production areas; third, regional food quality monitoring agencies are entrusted with the responsibility of monitoring the quality of green food products. It also separates the management system from the monitoring system to ensure the fairness of green food supervision and the scientific nature of green apple development and management.

4. Scientific analysis of the basic approaches and goals of green apple production

The production of green food apples is based on people’s awareness of the modern A new apple production model was proposed after agriculture caused damage to the environment, wasted resources and harmed human health. Based on my country's national conditions, green apple production should be based on ecological agricultural production methods.

The basic principles of ecological agriculture in my country are: "integration, coordination, circulation and regeneration". Therefore, the development of green apples should take the construction of ecological bases as a breakthrough, and use the principles of mutual restraint, mutual promotion, and mutual complementation of various factors in nature to produce green apples on the basis of comprehensive utilization and recycling of energy flow, logistics, and information flow. The key is to apply less or no synthetic organic chemicals.

The overall requirements for green apple production: starting from the construction of ecological agriculture, making full use of light energy, heat energy and precipitation in nature, changing the traditional soil management system, and implementing grass coverage based on the regulation of the soil's own fertility. , use no or less chemical fertilizers and pesticides, apply more organic fertilizers, use chemical fertilizers rationally, use medicines scientifically, give priority to agricultural, physical, and biological control technologies to control diseases, insect pests, and weeds, pay attention to protecting biodiversity, maintaining ecological balance, and making the ecology The system can achieve a virtuous cycle and achieve the sustainable development goals of green food apples.

5. Clearly grasp the basic ideas and operation process of green apple production

Based on the current situation of our country and combined with the actual situation of Weibei, green apple production Apple production should be based on a eugenic environment, with the construction of an ecological apple base that combines planting, breeding and biogas as a breakthrough, make full use of the good natural ecological environment, follow the requirements of the green food standard system, and adhere to the cultivation of suitable trees in the right place. Prioritize the selection of high-quality non-toxic strong seedlings, implement labor-saving planting with wide row spacing and narrow plant spacing, promote high-light-efficiency shaping and pruning, and actively develop a new soil farming system with grass coverage.

Always put the application of organic fertilizers in a leading position and actively carry out formula fertilization to achieve scientific, precise and reasonable fertilization. In pest control. We should conscientiously do a good job in forecasting and predicting diseases and pests, based on agriculture and physical control, with biological control as the core, and chemical control as the auxiliary. We should try our best to adopt ecological measures to control diseases, insect pests and weeds, and implement fruit bagging to avoid pesticide contamination. Scientifically determine the harvest period, and carry out grading, cleaning, waxing, packaging, cold chain storage and transportation according to green food requirements to prevent post-harvest pollution. Achieve full-process quality and safety control of green fruits, produce green apples, and achieve a virtuous cycle and sustainable development of the apple industry.