Examination questions and answers of surgery for 2020 qualified nurses: nursing of orthopedic patients

As we all know, it is the last moment to prepare for the 2020 head nurse exam, and there are still two days before the countdown to the exam. To this end, Bian Xiao has compiled some questions and answers about nursing and operation of orthopedic patients for the nurses in charge in 2020. I hope that in this final preparation time, I can help you review the knowledge points and easy questions. Let's take a look!

1, ④ If the local skin in the plaster of the patient's upper arm has pain and rancid smell, and the active and passive finger extension functions are normal, it should be considered that it may appear in the plaster.

First, pressure ulcers

B, limb swelling

C, skin eczema

thrombophlebitis

E, limb blood supply disorder

Correct answer a

Answer analysis

Limb swelling and limb blood supply disorder are easy to cause limb dysfunction, and options b and e are excluded; Skin eczema is mostly caused by anaerobic bacteria, and the upper arm lacks the source of infection, so option C is excluded; Thrombophlebitis is rare, and the patient has a rancid smell, so option D is excluded. So choose a.

2, (4) fracture traction, measures to prevent excessive traction are

First, the functional exercise of the affected limb

B, as far as possible to reduce the traction weight

C, regularly relax the traction device

Prevent the traction needle from moving left and right.

Measure the length of limbs regularly.

Correct answer e

Answer analysis

During fracture traction, the traction weight shall not be increased or decreased at will, and the traction device shall not be relaxed at will. The correct position of the traction needle should be maintained, and it is not allowed to move left and right at will to ensure effective traction. In order to prevent excessive traction, the limb length should be measured regularly and compared with the healthy side for timely adjustment.

3. ④ Leather traction is characterized by

First, the operation is complicated

B, little damage to limbs

C, can bear the traction weight is bigger.

D, the patient suffers great pain.

E, traction time can be longer.

Correct answer b

Answer analysis

Skin traction is attached to the skin of the affected limb with adhesive tape, or wrapped with foam plastic sheet, and the traction force is transferred to the bone by using the attachment point of muscle on the bone, so it is also called indirect traction. This kind of traction has little damage to limbs, simple operation and little pain to patients, but it can bear less traction weight and should not take too long.

4, ④ The following is direct traction.

First, the occipital-mandibular belt traction

B, pelvic traction

C, pelvic suspension traction

D, skin traction

E, bone traction

Correct answer e

Bone traction is to directly pierce the hard part of the bone with a round bone needle or stainless steel needle and pull it through the pulley on the orthopedic bedstead, which is also called direct traction.

5. (4) The narrative about the care of patients with plaster fixation is correct.

A, if there is blood on the gypsum, should immediately open the gypsum inspection.

B, it is forbidden to carry wet gypsum limbs, finger support is not tight.

C, gypsum is contaminated by food, can be washed with water.

D, limb pain wrapped in plaster, you can take painkillers.

E in order to accelerate the drying of gypsum, the higher the baking temperature of gypsum, the better.

Correct answer b

Answer analysis a-easy to lead to fracture displacement;

C—— Wipe with a damp cloth, but don't soak it;

D means that the gypsum is too tight and should be cut off immediately;

E—— Proper heating, not the higher the better.

6, ④ The correct nursing measures for traction patients are

First, lower limb traction should raise the bedside.

B, traction pinhole scab should be removed in time.

C. Cover the affected limb with a quilt to keep warm.

D, limb longitudinal axis should be parallel to the traction line.

E, traction should be carried out on the ground, so as to avoid excessive traction.

Correct answer d

The end of the bed should be raised when the lower limbs are pulled; Traction pinhole scab can not be removed to prevent infection; Don't cover the quilt above the affected limb to prevent incorrect traction; If the traction object touches the ground, the traction force will be insufficient.

7. (4) If the joint stiffness after fracture has been fixed, the description of the treatment method is correct at this time.

First, give priority to active exercise

B, the operation method should be tough.

C, mainly passive movement

Their own strength is insufficient and they need external assistance.

E, scar tissue can be torn by one-time operation.

Correct answer e

After the fracture, the joint stiffness has been shaped, indicating that there are many scar tissues, and proper manipulation can release the joint.

8.④ The most important evaluation content in the care of patients with plaster fixation is

I. Psychological and social reactions

B, the fixation is accurate

C, limb blood supply

D, self-care ability

E, past physical condition

Correct answer c

In the nursing care of patients with plaster fixation, the most important evaluation content is the blood supply of limbs to prevent the plaster from compressing the artery too tightly.

9, (4) during the plaster fixation, in order to prevent patients with disuse osteoporosis, the correct way is

First, gypsum fixation should not be too tight.

B, hot compress unfixed limbs.

C, fixed limbs for muscle relaxation and contraction activities.

D, put the affected limb in a comfortable position.

E, pay attention to the distal limbs to keep warm.

Correct answer c

The best way to prevent disuse osteoporosis in patients with plaster fixation is to contract muscles with equal length.

The above is the related content of "Questions and Answers of the 2020 Surgical Supervisor Nurse Examination: Nursing for Orthopedic Patients" compiled and released by Bian Xiao today. I hope it will help everyone. Candidates who want to register for 20021can refer to the registration conditions for competent nurses in 2020 and conduct self-examination! For more information about doctor qualification examination, preparation, promotion, registration, licensing and so on, please pay attention to Bian Xiao for more information. More opportunities to receive free study materials and free courses ~