Which countries have better social security?

Social security in Sweden is one of the best in the world. .

Sweden's high-level social and economic development and the characteristics of its political system determine its high-level social security system. The Swedish Social Democratic Party is a long-term ruling party in Sweden and has always adopted the social policy of "achieving full employment, fair income distribution, common prosperity and equal value for all". According to this policy, Sweden implements universal and comprehensive welfare protection for all citizens. Sweden's social security system is extensive, detailed and complex, and it can be divided into three kinds of security arrangements: public security arrangement, collective agreement insurance arrangement and private agreement insurance arrangement, and the latter two are the supplements of public security arrangement.

Sweden's "cradle-to-grave" social welfare system was established and improved by the Swedish Social Democratic Party government in the 1940s and 1970s, which played a huge positive role in eliminating the gap between the rich and the poor and stabilizing society, and provided an umbrella for low-income families.

There are two types of low-income families in Sweden. One is a single-parent family. Due to the high divorce rate, 15% of children under 8 years old live in single-parent families mainly maintained by their mothers. Swedish women are mostly engaged in low-paying jobs such as commercial retail and medical care. The salary is not high at first, and then the burden of supporting a family is naturally not light. The Karins are one of many single-parent families. After her divorce from her husband, she formed a single-parent family with two children in primary school. In addition to Karin's after-tax salary, the actual monthly income of the whole family also includes child allowance and housing allowance for two children. In addition to paying basic expenses such as rent, food, clothing, health sports goods and cars, there are some savings every month.

Another low-income family in Sweden is the single elderly family with low pension. Sweden is a long-lived country, and the problem of social aging is more serious. In Sweden, children have no obligation to support the elderly, and society is responsible for everything for the elderly. Christina, born in 1930s, is an ordinary member among many single elderly people. Her monthly sources of income mainly include guaranteed pension and housing subsidies, in addition to paying rent, food, clothing, sanitary products and other miscellaneous expenses, there is a balance.

For these low-income families, child subsidies and housing subsidies have played an important role in maintaining the balance of payments. Without child subsidies and housing subsidies, the Karin family will make ends meet. Old Christina can't even afford to live in a house if she only relies on her pension. Moreover, low-income families, like other families, enjoy a series of other social security such as free education and medical care.

The biggest feature of Sweden's "cradle to grave" social welfare system is compulsory socialization. Everyone must participate in a unified social security system and enjoy all kinds of social security provided by the state. These guarantees are mainly divided into six categories: first, child protection. Before and after the birth of each child, parents can enjoy 450 days of subsidized maternity leave, and each child aged from 1 to 16 can receive the corresponding child allowance every month; Second, education security, in addition to free education from primary school to university, students in grades one to nine can enjoy free lunch at school, high school students can get a certain amount of grants every month, and college students can get grants and low-interest student loans every month; Third, medical care and sick leave protection, people can not only enjoy almost free treatment during their illness, but also receive 80% sick leave subsidy from the second day of sick leave; Fourth, unemployment security, unemployed people get 80% unemployment relief from the sixth day of unemployment; Fifth, housing security, mainly a kind of social security provided to low-income families with children and low-income retirees; Sixth, old-age security, all people in the country can receive the minimum pension after reaching the age of 65, regardless of whether they have worked or not. "The wool comes from the sheep", and the social security system enjoyed by Swedes is completely supported by various taxes and fees paid by themselves. According to calculations, Swedes spend more than 60% of their income on various taxes and fees on average. In recent twenty years, in order to reduce the tax pressure and enhance the international competitiveness of Swedish products, Sweden has carried out some reforms in the social security system, but the reform has a long way to go.