Where was Jingzhou today during the Three Kingdoms period?

Jingzhou in history is a regional concept. Arriving north in today's Henan province, Nanyang was then Wan, and Xinyang was in Jiangxia. South has reached today's Guilin, Guangxi and Shaoguan, Guangdong; East is the junction of Hubei and Jiangxi today; West to today's Guizhou. It's a fairly large area.

historically, Jingzhou in the eastern Han dynasty originally governed seven counties: Nanyang county, nanjun county, Jiangxia county, Lingling county, Guiyang county, Wuling county and Changsha county. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, some counties were separated from Nanyang County and Nanjun County, and Xiangyang County and Zhangling County were set up, so Jingzhou * * * ruled over nine counties, which is the origin of "Jingxiang Nine Counties" in later generations. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao, Liu and Sun were divided into Jingzhou: Cao occupied Nanyang, Xiangyang and Nanjun counties, Liu Bei occupied Lingling, Guiyang, Wuling and Changsha counties south of the Yangtze River, and Sun Quan occupied Jiangxia county. In the 14th year of Jian 'an (29), Zhou Yu defeated Cao Ren and won Nanjun. Sun Quan worshipped Zhou Yu as a partial general, and led Nanjun to be the prefect and stationed in Jiangling (Nanjun Zhisuo). In the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (21), after Zhou Yu's death, Sun Quan accepted Lu Su's proposal and "lent" some of what he was based on to Liu Bei, so that Liu Bei occupied most of Jingzhou's territory.

Jingzhou Prefecture, that is, the seat of Jingzhou Prefecture, changed several times in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Jingzhou was originally located in Hanshou (now northeast of Changde, Hunan); In the first year of Chuping (19), Liu Biao was appointed as the secretariat of Jingzhou and moved to Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei); In the 14th year of Jian 'an (29), Liu Qi died of illness, Liu Beiling lived in Jingzhou, and was stationed in public security (now northwest of Hubei Public Security); After "borrowing Jingzhou" (that is, acquiring Nanjun), he moved to Jiangling (now Jingzhou, Hubei Province), and Guan Yu guarded Jingzhou, still taking Jiangling as his residence. From "borrowing Jingzhou", Jiangling was both a Jingzhou administration and a Nanjun administration.

When The Romance of Three Kingdoms narrated the story about Jingzhou, it was already after Liu Biao was appointed as the secretariat of Jingzhou. Therefore, before the Red Wall War, the so-called "Jingzhou City" actually refers to Xiangyang; After the Chibi War, the so-called "Jingzhou City" actually refers to Jiangling; In addition, there is no separate "Jingzhou City". Luo Guanzhong didn't know this, mistakenly thought there was a separate "Jingzhou City", and always confused the three geographical concepts of Jingzhou, Nanjun and Jiangling. In the 3rd and 4th chapters, Cai Mao took advantage of the "Xiangyang Club" to murder Liu Bei, and said "Please invite your master and his party" to Liu Biao in advance. It seems that Liu Biao is not in Xiangyang. After the 4th time to write Liu Biao's death, Cai Mao established Bretz as the main body, "Life governs Deng Yi, don't drive Liu Xianshou Jingzhou; Mrs. Cai went to Xiangyang with Liu Congqian ... and buried Liu Biao's coffin in Xiangyang City in the East Han Dynasty. In fact, the "Jingzhou" here is Jiangling (as evidenced by Cao Caobing's trip to Jiangling in the 42nd chapter, and Deng Yi and Liu Xian's leading soldiers and civilians out of the city to surrender). Mrs Cai and bretz were originally stationed in Xiangyang with Liu Biao, so how did they "go to Xiangyang"? Where to "go to Xiangyang"? This is because the author confused Xiangyang, Liu Biao's Jingzhou Institute, with Jiangling, Liu Bei's Jingzhou Institute, and the narrative was chaotic. When Lu Meng attacked Jingzhou in the 75th time, there were also obvious mistakes. The facts are as follows: Lu Meng went against the Yangtze River, surprised Guan Yu's "waiting on the riverside" (the troops who were on the lookout along the river), and went straight to the public security, recruiting and guarding the soldiers' benevolence ("Fu Shiren" in Romance); Then he advanced on Jiangling, Jingzhou Zhisuo, and Elk Fang also fell (Elk Fang was stationed in Jiangling as the satrap of Nanjun). However, Romance was written as Lu Meng's clever capture of the beacon tower, which first captured Jingzhou, then went to the police to recruit Shiren, and then Shiren told Nanjun to surrender Elk Fang. So, where is this "Jingzhou"? How does it relate to public security and Jiangling? The author can't answer at all.

as long as readers compare the map, they will immediately feel that this part of the description has been mixed up into a confused account. This is not a deliberate artistic fiction in Luo Guan's works, but a "technical mistake" caused by the failure to understand that the Jingzhou government first settled in Xiangyang and then moved to Jiangling.