Feng Shuyu's achievements and honors.

Feng Shuyu is fortunate to work in this ambitious era. 195 1 became the first batch of graduate students studying in the Soviet union, majoring in railway engineering blasting. After returning to China, he has been working in the front line of scientific research and production in the General Administration of Infrastructure, the General Administration of Engineering and the Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways.

From 65438 to 0956, Feng Shuyu and other colleagues successively completed the blasting design and construction of hundreds of key earthwork projects such as yingtan-Xiamen Railway, chengdu-kunming railway, neijiang-kunming railway, Sichuan-Guizhou Railway and Guizhou-Guangxi Railway. Based on the characteristics of China's mountainous railways, he put forward the principle of charge arrangement, the formula of charge calculation, the selection of blasting index n, and the calculation methods of visible funnel depth, radius of compression circle, reserved protective layer of slope and upper fracture line under the conditions of flat land, slope and steep slope, and gradually formed a complete set of design and calculation theory. In 1950s and 1960s, the mechanization degree of railway construction was very low. Key stone works, large Gao Qiao and long tunnels were the technical keys of new line construction, and the pioneering application of large blasting technology played an important role in speeding up railway construction.

At 1956, Feng Shuyu used directional blasting for the first time to excavate the cutting at the site of Neiyi Railway 1, throwing about 30% stones from the inside of the cutting, and ensuring the safety of buildings 200 meters away from the cutting. 1959, the directional blasting method was used for the first time to fill the embankment with a height of about 20 meters at the Asuozhai work site of Sichuan-Guizhou Railway. From 1959 to 1962, Feng Shuyu assisted and organized more than 30 scientific research units such as the Ministry of Water and Electricity to carry out the research work of directional blasting dam construction. Among them, Guangdong Nanshui Dam is the most successful one, which was introduced to the international dam conference. It is still in normal operation, playing the role of water storage, flood control and power generation. During this period, Feng Shuyu, Zhu Zhongjie and Ma summarized and put forward the design method of directional blasting, dam site selection, charge arrangement and the principle of directional center control. The effect of directional blasting dam construction is measured by the quantity and accumulation form of throwing rock mass, so the calculation of throwing accumulation is one of the important problems in directional blasting design. According to the statistical data of railway cutting blasting experience, Feng Shuyu put forward the "volume balance method" for dam throwing accumulation calculation, which has been widely used and improved the reliability and accuracy of directional blasting design and calculation. Directional blasting technology has laid a foundation for hydropower, mining and transportation departments to build dams, tailings dams and dikes. Up to now, the number of dams built by directional blasting in China is second to none in the world, which is also a major feature of blasting technology in China. The book "Blasting Design and Construction" published by Feng Shuyu, Zhu Zhongjie and Ma Zai 1963 comprehensively expounds the blasting theory, the design and construction of large-scale blasting and directional blasting and other technical problems. At that time, when there were few monographs on blasting technology, it became an important book that teachers and students in colleges and universities and technicians in design and construction departments must read and the main basis for guiding engineering practice in this field.

1959, Feng Shuyu used ANFO explosives for directional blasting for the first time in Asuozhai worksite of Sichuan-Guizhou Railway, and processed the explosives on site by himself, which reduced the blasting cost, saved the national investment and promoted the development of various explosives in China. In the 1980s, we assisted relevant departments in the research, identification and popularization of high-energy combustibles and electrostatic crushers, as well as the research on components and initiation network of nonel non-electric initiation system, and achieved fruitful results in blasting equipment one after another.

In the early 1960s, engineering geology gradually developed into a new discipline, which attracted the attention of the engineering community. With the continuous expansion of the application and development scale of modern blasting technology, the relationship between blasting and engineering geology has become a new topic that needs to be studied and solved. 1962, Feng Shuyu organized more than 40 people from more than 40 units along the railway 10 to investigate the main blasting sites of Xia Ying, Baocheng, Lan Xin, Sichuan and Guizhou 10 new railway line. On this basis, the positive and negative experiences and lessons are analyzed and summarized, and it is pointed out that the influence of geological conditions on blasting effect and the engineering geological problems caused by blasting are mutually causal. The former is to study the possibility of blasting under various geological conditions. The latter is to study the possible consequences of engineering geology under blasting On the basis of introducing the latest achievements of explosion mechanics, geomechanics, rock mechanics and rock dynamics, the foundation of blasting engineering geology is laid, and the further development of blasting technology is promoted. Subsequently, in the construction of chengdu-kunming railway, which is known as geological museum, the popularization and application of blasting technology achievements have made remarkable achievements, and won the first prize of the National Special Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress of 1985 "Building New chengdu-kunming railway Technology in Complex Geology and Dangerous Mountainous Areas". From 1965 to 1973, Feng Shuyu and Zhu Zhongjie guided colleagues to carry out the application research of shaped charge in engineering construction according to the armor-piercing principle of shaped charge in military departments. Using glass liner to make shaped charge instead of expensive copper material overcomes the problems of low efficiency of mechanical drilling and difficult hole formation in permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and solves the construction technology of rapid excavation of railway bridge and culvert foundation pit by blasting in permafrost region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

In the early 1970s, Feng Shuyu and Ma instructed their colleagues to carry out experimental research on cutting down trees and digging holes by blasting in rubber plantation of Hainan Island, and jointly compiled the first domestic agricultural blasting technology in 1979.

One of the important signs of railway modernization is the mechanization of subgrade stone construction. On the basis of mature large-scale blasting technology, Feng Shuyu has made unremitting efforts for this for more than ten years. 1965 During the construction of chengdu-kunming railway, the Ministry of Railways was required to purchase a French-made deep-hole drilling rig for on-site use, and the YQ- 150 DTH drilling rig produced by Xuanhua Pneumatic Machinery Factory was modified for deep-hole blasting test. 1973 introduced the deep-hole blasting technology of mines and other industrial departments again at the Xu Dong site of Hanchang-Changchun Railway, the Third Engineering Bureau of the Ministry of Railways, and 1975 at the Ma Jing Ao site of Liu Zhi Railway, the Second Engineering Bureau of the Ministry of Railways, which improved the mechanization of railway stone blasting to over 80% and the work efficiency from the original 1m3/ working day to 65438. 1979 successfully tested the new technologies of smooth blasting and presplitting blasting for cutting slope in Sol Zhang workshop of Xiyan Railway, First Engineering Bureau of Ministry of Railways, which made great progress in the level and quality of mechanized construction of railway stonework in China.

During the merger of the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Communications from 65438 to 0972, Feng Shuyu participated in the underwater blasting project of waterway dredging in Huangpu Port of Guangzhou Port, and cooperated with the site supervisor Ma to create a set of underwater blasting construction technology and blasting technology. In two years, the underwater blasting excavation task with a length of about 2km and a total amount of 500,000 m3 was completed, and the systematic data of underwater blasting safety scientific research and observation were obtained. At that time, it was called "Huangpu underwater blasting method", which filled the gap in this field in China.

The above two important research achievements were comprehensively and systematically summarized in the book Blasting Engineering published by Feng Shuyu and Ma Yu 1980. Another pioneering achievement of Feng Shuyu is to promote and develop the new technology of urban demolition blasting in China, which makes the blasting technology enter the field of urban construction with dense population and buildings from the sparsely populated barren hills. From 1976 to 1978, he directed the blasting room to study the subject of "controlled blasting technology", and proposed that the demolition blasting of buildings and structures in complex environment should be effectively controlled from the following four aspects:

(1) Control the seismic effect caused by blasting;

(2) controlling the flying distance of a single gravel during blasting;

(3) Control the scope of damage caused by blasting;

(4) Control the collapse range and dumping direction of the building after blasting. Based on the general principles of explosion mechanics, structural mechanics and material mechanics, this paper analyzes the damage and instability of buildings, rationally arranges holes and strictly controls the charge of blast holes. Using domestic conventional explosives can also achieve the purpose of controlled blasting with low-power special TN explosives in Japan. It has successively completed the demolition tasks of Mengxian Railway Bridge, Heishiguan Steel Bridge on Longhai Line, Jinan Railway Bureau Machine Garage, Beijing Hotel Bomb Shelter, the original Science and Technology Museum where Beijing International Hotel is located, the original auditorium restaurant of Xinqiao Hotel, Guangdong Foshan Cement Plant, Guangzhou Provincial Government Guest House and Shenzhen Old Railway Station. This achievement won the third prize of 1985 National Science and Technology Progress Award. In the same year, he and his colleagues published the first monograph "Urban Controlled Blasting" in China. Blasting safety is an important aspect of the application and popularization of blasting technology, and Feng Shuyu and his colleagues have made unremitting efforts for decades. Under the auspices of the Ministry of Labor and Personnel, we assisted the Ministry of Metallurgy and the Ministry of Public Security in formulating a number of national standards and regulations, such as Blasting Safety Regulations, Large-scale Blasting Safety Regulations, Demolition Blasting Safety Regulations, etc., which enabled Chinese blasting workers to have rules to follow and laws to follow in blasting engineering practice, and improved the management level and safety level of blasting operations. And because of the "blasting safety regulations", he won the second prize of the Labor Protection Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ministry of Labor.