Tell the story of a scientist, within 100 words, thank you

Tell the story of a scientist, within 100 words, thank you

1. Morse code

In order to transmit useful information to distant places as quickly as possible, In ancient China, many beacon towers were built on the roads leading from distant border fortresses to the capital. When there was a war or other emergency on the border, beacon towers were lit at one station after another to transmit the information to the emperor in the capital. However, the beacon tower was very expensive to build, and it required people to be stationed as lookouts day and night, and it could not convey the specific content of the information. Therefore, a large amount of information had to be transmitted manually.

In 490 BC, the Greeks defeated the Persian army at Marathon and won the victory in defending their country. In order to let the people in the capital share the good news as quickly as possible, without any means of transportation, the general of the Greek army sent a soldier named Phidipis to run non-stop from the Marathon Plain to Athens, the capital of Greece at that time. . When Feidipi reported the good news of victory to the people of the capital, he finally collapsed and died due to extreme fatigue. In order to commemorate this hero forever, people listed the entire distance he ran (42,195 meters) as a long-distance running event and named it a marathon. In ancient times, it was so difficult for people to transmit information. Ancient people tried their best to find the fastest way to transmit information. However, they could only create "clairvoyance" and "sound ears" in mythical novels to express their ideals.

The ideal of "catching ears to the wind" was finally realized by an American painter. He was the inventor of the telegraph, Morse.

One autumn in the early 19th century, on a sailing ship, a group of passengers were surrounding a doctor named Jackson, listening to him talk about the recently invented electromagnet: a horseshoe-shaped magnet wrapped with wires. When an iron block is energized, it will generate an attraction; when the current is cut off, all the iron substances it attracts will fall off. Everyone was attracted by this new thing. Morse happened to be present at the time. While he was curious, he thought deeper and further than others around him. He asked Jackson a question: How fast does electricity flow in a wire (which shows that Morse had no knowledge of electricity)? When he knew that the speed of electric current was so fast that it could pass through thousands of kilometers of wires in an instant, a bold and novel idea appeared in his mind.

A chance encounter on the ship changed Morse's life path. He gave up his beloved painting career and began the arduous research work of inventing the telegraph. More than ten years later, he finally succeeded. Using the principle of one-off and one-off current, he invented the telegraph machine and the code that uses dots to express information - "Morse Code" (selected from the current primary school nature textbook). Telegraph code is one of them), which makes communication more convenient.

Although telegrams can quickly transmit information content, the sender must first convert the information content into symbols and transmit the symbols to the recipient according to certain operating rules. After the recipient receives this symbol, it is still troublesome to use the code to translate the content it represents. How great it would be if language signals could be transmitted directly! Human beings will never be satisfied. After the invention of the telegraph, they have created new problems for themselves.

The first person to declare war on this problem and win was Bell, an American teacher who studied deaf languages. Bell knew nothing about electricity when he began working on this problem. However, in the process of studying human vocal cords, he thought: Sound is produced by the vibration of vocal cords. Can this vibration be sent out through changes in the strength of the current? Can the vibration of an object be turned into a changing current, and then the changing current be restored to the vibration of the object to produce sound? This is really a big problem.

In order to realize his ideal, Bell came to Washington, thousands of miles away, and learned electrical knowledge from scratch. After three years of hard work, with the help of mechanical craftsman Watson, he finally made the world's first set of microphones and receivers in 1876. The ideal of transmitting sound through electric current was realized. However, the phone noise at that time was too loud and the transmission distance was too short, so it was still far from practical application.

In 1878, the great inventor Edison made major improvements to the telephone, increasing the communication distance to more than 100 kilometers.

In 1915, Bell further solved a series of technical problems caused by long-distance calls to telephones, and finally set up the first more than 6,000 kilometers long telephone line in the United States that year. of telephone lines.

Nowadays, the telephone has become an indispensable communication tool in people's lives. In some developed countries, on average every 1 to 2 people have a telephone. Telephones also have more and more functions: some telephones can automatically record the other party's message on tape when the owner is away; some can also transmit handwritten text or graphics in addition to making calls; some can even The callers can see each other through the fluorescent screen in front of the telephone. This is really more magical than the mythical clairvoyance and ears, because this video phone has the dual functions of clairvoyance and ears at the same time.

2. The extremely powerful bronze mirror

One day in 212 BC, the powerful Roman Empire launched an attack on the weak Syracuse. Enemy forces were approaching Syracuse from both sea and land, and the entire country was in danger.

At that time, according to the king's order, the command of the defense of Syracuse was assumed by Archimedes.

Seeing the Roman fleet getting closer, Archimedes still stood calmly on the castle and looked at the bay in the distance. Suddenly, a thought flashed into his mind: "O powerful sun! I hope your power can help me save the kind people of Syracuse." He decisively issued an order for all women to pick up their bronze mirrors. Gather at the beach.

At this time, the enemy saw many women wearing white robes gathering at the dock of the port, but they could not figure out what trick Archimedes was playing.

Just as the Roman fleet was approaching the dock step by step, they suddenly saw bright beams of light coming from the opposite side. These beams of light kept moving, and finally, hundreds of beams of light were concentrated at one point. That spot was so bright and scorching that it fell on the ship's sail and set it on fire.

The fire continued to spread with the sea breeze, and suddenly the entire fleet was plunged into a sea of ??flames. The panicked Roman soldiers jumped into the sea one by one with their bodies covered with fire.

The Syracusan women on the shore were all very happy, holding the mirror in their arms, and cheered loudly: "The Romans have been repelled, the Romans have been repelled!" The Story of a Scientist (100 words)

One day, Zhang Heng read four lines from a poetry collection, describing the changes of the Big Dipper in the evenings of various seasons: "When the handle points to the east, the world is spring; when the handle points to the east, the world is summer. "If the handle of the bucket points to the west, it will be autumn all over the world; if the handle of the bucket points to the north, it will be winter all over the world." He thought this was so interesting. The stars in the sky are twinkling, some are like dustpans, some are like buckets, some are like dogs, and some are like bears. What are the laws of their execution? This is simply wonderful. So Zhang Heng drew a celestial map based on the content of the poem and other books. Every night, as long as there were no clouds, he would silently and carefully observe the night sky in front of the celestial map. There are so many mysteries in the vast starry sky. He observed, recorded, and thought. His head was filled with all kinds of questions and colorful fantasies. Later, he finally confirmed that the description in the four lines of the poem was not accurate enough. In fact, the handle of the bucket pointed to the northeast in early spring, but pointed to the southeast in late spring.

The Story of a Scientist within 50 words

The book "The Story of a Scientist" is one of my favorite books. It contains the stories of Li Shizhen, Darwin, Newton, Edison and other scientists. After reading it, , I feel that they are really great and powerful. Especially Li Shizhen, he is indeed a great scientist in ancient my country. We should all learn from him. Li Shizhen began to learn to observe plants when he was three or four years old, red, yellow, white and colorful. He had to figure out all the plants. When Li Shizhen grew up, he discovered that there were many errors in the old herbal books, so he made up his mind to rearrange the herbal books and correct the mistakes. So Li Shizhen traveled over the mountains and ridges to collect them in the mountains. Medicine. It was not all smooth sailing for Li Shizhen in the process of collecting and organizing herbal medicine. Once all the information he collected was lost, but he did not lose heart and started over again bit by bit. In order to distinguish the medicines of various plants Using his function, he had to personally taste the medicine he collected, which nearly killed him several times. Also, Li Shizhen's hometown produced a kind of golden snake, also called the white-flowered snake, with 24 diagonal squares on its body and white flowers. Snakes can cure diseases and are a good medicine for dispelling rheumatism. Li Shizhen tried his best to catch a white snake. In order to test the effect, Li Shizhen let the white snake take a bite and almost died. It is this spirit. , and asked him to try thousands of various herbal medicines, such as datura flowers. In order to test the anesthetic effect of this flower, Li Shizhen tried it on himself to see if eating this flower would numb people to death. Of course, the result was the same. As can be imagined. After many experiments, Li Shizhen finally completed the revision of "Compendium of Materia Medica", which recorded 1,892 kinds of drugs, accompanied by 1,160 illustrations, and added 374 kinds of new drugs. From Li Shizhen's body , I feel that the ancients have paid so much for us. We should thank the ancients and thank Li Shizhen for his "Compendium of Materia Medica". It is really a great medical work. In order to rewrite "Compendium of Materia Medica", Li Shizhen ate thousands of He worked hard and experimented himself. He was not afraid of difficulties or death. We must learn from his spirit and never flinch in learning. We are not afraid of hardship or tiredness. We should not retreat when encountering difficulties. We should learn more from other students. , we must be careful and have confidence, so that we can make progress in our study. The story of a scientist (within 200 words)

The story of Bi Sheng’s movable type printing

In the early days of printing books, all Carve the book on a solid piece of wood. I heard that my senior brother Bi Sheng invented movable type printing, and the printing efficiency suddenly increased dozens of times. The juniors all learned from my senior brother.

Bi Sheng demonstrated and explained at the same time, introducing his invention to his juniors without reservation.

He first made small squares from fine clay, carved convex backhand characters one by one, burned them hard with fire, and placed them in wooden grids according to the rhymes. Then spread adhesive (rosin, wax and paper ash) on an iron plate, arrange the character prints one by one according to the paragraphs, then put an iron frame around it and heat it with fire. When the adhesive cools slightly, use a flat plate to flatten the layout. After it is completely cooled, you can print. After printing, the printing plate is dried with fire to melt the adhesive, and the movable type is removed one by one and saved for the next typesetting.

The junior fellow students couldn’t help but admire it. A junior brother said: "There are more than 5,000 volumes of the Tripitaka, and 130,000 wooden boards were carved, which cannot fit in a room. It took many years of hard work! If I use my brother's method, it can be completed in a few months. Brother, How did you come up with such a clever method?"

"My two sons taught me!" Bi Sheng said.

"Your son? How is that possible? They can only 'play house'."

"You're right! They just rely on this 'playing house'." Bi Sheng He smiled and said, "Before the Qingming Festival last year, I took my wife and children back to my hometown to worship our ancestors. One day, my two sons played house and made pots, bowls, tables, chairs, pigs, and people out of mud. They arranged them as they pleased. Back and forth. Suddenly, my eyes lit up, and I thought, why don’t I also play house: I can carve single-character seals in clay, and I can arrange them into articles. Haha, isn’t this what my son taught me? "Really?"

The brothers also laughed after hearing this.

"But all the children have played this house, and all the senior brothers have seen it. Why are you the only one who invented movable type printing?" The same junior brother asked.

After a while, the master spoke: "Among your brothers, Bi Sheng is the most thoughtful.

He has already been thinking about new ways to improve work efficiency! Three feet of ice cannot be frozen in one day. ”

“Oh——! "The brothers were suddenly enlightened. The story of Chinese scientists (within 100 words)

The story of Qian Xuesen before returning to China

Author: Anonymous Source of article: Excerpted from the Internet Number of clicks: 1829 Update time : 2007-5-2

In 1949, when the first five-star red flag was slowly raised in Tiananmen Square, he was the director of the Supersonics Laboratory and the "Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center" at the California Institute of Technology. The person in charge, Qian Xuesen, was deeply happy for the new life of the motherland. He planned to return to China and use his expertise to serve New China. However, it was not easy for Chinese scientists in the United States to return home at that time, and Qian Xuesen's expertise was directly related to national defense, so he went through all kinds of hardships. It took many hardships to finally return to the embrace of the motherland. His tortuous struggle process showed Qian Xuesen's deep love for the motherland at that time, which was very touching.

In mid-September 1950, Qian Xuesen resigned from California. As the director of the Supersonic Laboratory of the School of Engineering and the head of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center, he went through the formalities for returning to China. He bought a plane ticket from Canada to Hong Kong and handed his luggage to the moving company for shipment. < /p>

However, just two days before he planned to leave Los Angeles, he suddenly received a notice from the US Immigration and Naturalization Service - he was not allowed to return to the country! The Immigration Service threatened that if he left the country without permission, he would be punished. He would be fined or even jailed!

A few days later, Qian Xuesen was arrested and taken to the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service detention center on the charge of "participating in a political party that advocated the use of force to overthrow the U.S. Communist Party." ".

The luggage Qian Xuesen handed over to the moving company was inspected by the U.S. Customs and the FBI, and it was said that telegram codes, weapons blueprints, etc. were "discovered". The Immigration and Naturalization Service wanted to "interrogate" Qian Xuesen, saying that Qian Xuesen is an "American Communist." Later, it was said that among the American classmates Qian Xuesen met when he was studying in the United States, several were members of the American Communist Party. The Immigration and Naturalization Service threatened that Qian Xuesen had "violated U.S. immigration laws" and would "deport" Qian Xuesen. Not long after he said this, he quickly changed his words, because Qian Xuesen was to be "deported", which was exactly what Qian Xuesen wanted! In the detention center, Qian Xuesen was imprisoned like a criminal: "I was detained for 15 years. Within days, I lost 30 pounds. In the detention center, the special agents would come in and wake you up every night every night, leaving you without any rest and in a state of extreme mental stress. ”

The Immigration and Naturalization Service’s persecution of Qian Xuesen aroused public outrage in the American scientific community. Many friendly people in the United States came to rescue Qian Xuesen and found him a defense lawyer. They raised 15,000 US dollars as a deposit. Bail Qian Xuesen out of the detention center

In June 1955, Qian Xuesen wrote to Comrade Chen Shutong, then vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, asking the party and the Communist Party to help him return to the embrace of the motherland as soon as possible. After learning about it, Premier Zhou attached great importance to the matter and instructed the relevant personnel to deal with it at the appropriate time. After hard work, Qian Xuesen and his family finally returned to their motherland after an absence of 20 years. He is the director of the Institute of Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Mathematical stories, stories of scientists, within 100 words. Urgent! Urgent!

Thales, 624 years ago. 547), an ancient Greek scholar, was born in a slave-owning aristocratic family in the city of Miletus in Asia Minor. Thales dismissed the noble political status of the family and the prosperity of economic life, but devoted all his energy to the study of philosophy and science. When he was young, he traveled around and went to the country of the pyramids, where he learned astronomical observation and geometric measurement; he also went to Babylon in the Mesopotamia, where he learned the brilliant culture of the East. After returning to his hometown of Miletus, he founded the company. The Ioan school later became the first of the seven famous schools in ancient Greece. Thales was known as the "Father of Science"... The story of the scientist in 100 words

Edison only attended elementary school for three months in his life. , his knowledge was obtained through his mother's teaching and self-study. His success should be attributed to his mother's understanding and patient teaching from an early age, so that Edison, who was originally considered an imbecile, became a mature child when he grew up. The world-famous "King of Inventions".

Edison has been curious about many things since he was a child, and he likes to experiment until he understands the truth. When he grew up, he devoted himself to research and invention based on his interests in this area. He established a laboratory in New Jersey and invented more than two thousand things in his lifetime, including the electric light, the telegraph, the phonograph, the movie player, the magnetic separator, the crusher, and so on. Edison's strong research spirit enabled him to make significant contributions to improving human life style.

"Waste, the greatest waste is time." Edison often said to his assistant. "Life is too short, you have to think of more ways to do more things with less time."

One day, Edison was working in the laboratory, and he handed his assistant an empty lamp without a lamp. Glass bulb, said: "You measure the capacity of the bulb." He lowered his head to work again.

After a long time, he asked: "What's the capacity?" He didn't hear the answer. He turned around and saw the assistant holding a soft ruler to measure the circumference and slope of the light bulb, and took the measured number. He leaned over the table and calculated. He said: "Time, time, why does it take so much time?" Edison came over, picked up the empty light bulb, filled it with water, handed it to the assistant, and said: "Pour the water inside into the measuring cup, immediately Tell me its capacity."

The assistant immediately read out the number.

Edison said: "This is such an easy measurement method. It is accurate and saves time. How could you not think of it? If you still calculate it, wouldn't it be a waste of time?"

The assistant blushed.

Edison murmured: "Life is too short, too short. Save time and do more things!"

Edison was a poor worker before he became famous. Once, his old friend met him on the street and said with concern: "This coat on you is worn out. You should get a new one."

"It comes in handy. No one knows me in New York?" Edison replied nonchalantly.

A few years later, Edison became a great inventor.

One day, Edison met that friend again on the streets of New York. "Oh," the friend exclaimed, "Why are you still wearing this shabby coat? This time, you have to get a new one anyway!"

"Is it useful?" Everyone here already knows me." Edison still replied nonchalantly.