How to treat the environmental pollution caused by Tuojiang River in Shantou today, especially the development of ecological environment and aquaculture in Niu Tianyang?

General review outline of junior high school geography

Chapter 1: The Earth and the Earth

1. shape: the earth is an irregular sphere with slightly flat poles and slightly bulging equator.

2. size: radius: 6371km; Polar radius: 6357 kilometers; Equatorial circumference: 40,000 kilometers.

3. Globe: A globe is a model of the earth. (Find the axis, pole, declination 4 and longitude on the earth:

Meridian characteristics: all meridians have the same length; Meridian indicates the north-south direction; The meridian is a semicircle.

Longitude: 0-180; The 0 longitude is the initial longitude, the east longitude is the east longitude, which is represented by the letter E, and the west longitude is the west longitude.

Represented by the letter w;

, latitude:

Characteristics of weft: the length of weft varies, the equator is the longest, and it gradually shortens to the north and south poles; Both latitudes represent the east-west direction; Latitude is a complete circle.

Latitude: 0-90 degrees; Latitude 0 is the equator, and north of the equator is the north latitude, which is represented by the letter n; The equator is south latitude, which is represented by the letter S.6. Division of low, middle and high latitudes: In the northern and southern hemispheres, 0-30 is low latitude, 30-60 is middle latitude and 60-90 is high latitude. 7. the division of the eastern and western hemispheres: it is bounded by the warp circle composed of 20 W and 160 E; East of 20 W and west of 160 are the eastern hemisphere;

The western hemisphere is west of 20 W and east of160 E;

8. You can use the latitude and longitude net on the globe to determine the position anywhere on the earth.

9, the rotation of the earth:

Direction: from west to east; Cycle: one day (24 hours); Center of rotation: Earth axis.

Geographical significance: There is a difference between day and night and time.

10, the revolution of the earth:

Center of rotation: the sun; Direction: from west to east; Cycle: one year; Orbit of revolution: ellipse.

Geographical significance: it has produced seasonal changes and changes in the length of day and night.

1 1, division of five districts:

Chapter II: Maps

Representation methods of 1. scale: text type, line type and number.

2. Scale comparison: the larger the denominator, the smaller the scale; The smaller the denominator, the larger the scale.

3. The larger the scale, the smaller the scope and the finer the content; The smaller the scale, the larger the scope and the simpler the content.

Scale = distance on map ÷ distance on site.

Representation of direction on the map: a general map, using the general orientation method: map-oriented, up and down, north and south, left and right. For maps with pointing targets, the pointing calibration method is used: the direction of pointing arrows generally points to the north. A map with a latitude and longitude net is oriented by the latitude and longitude net: the longitude line indicates the north-south direction and the latitude line indicates the east-west direction.

6. Legend: Symbols representing various geographical things on the map. (Remember common legends)

7. Note: On the map, words used to explain the names of mountains, rivers, countries and cities, as well as numbers indicating the height and water depth of mountains.

8. Altitude (absolute height): The vertical distance of a point on the earth's surface above sea level. Relative height: the vertical distance from one place to another on the earth's surface. Contour: A line on a map connecting points at the same altitude.

9. On the contour topographic map, the contour lines are dense, indicating steep slope; The contour line is sparse, indicating that the slope is slow.

10, judging the terrain by the contour features: the top of the mountain: the contour is high in the middle and low around. Ridge: The contour line protrudes downward. Valley: contour lines protrude to high places. Saddle: The contour lines on both sides are relatively high. Cliff: where several outlines overlap.

Chapter III: Land and Sea of the World

1, the proportion of land and water area on the earth's surface: ocean 7 1%, land 29%, land is divided into three parts, and ocean is divided into seven parts.

7 continents: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Oceania. Arrange the four oceans in descending order: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Arctic Ocean. The distribution of seven continents and four oceans can be accurately found on the world map.

3. The dividing line between continents: Asia and Europe: Urals, ural river, Caucasus and Turkish Strait. Asia and Africa: Suez Canal. North America, South America: Panama Canal Asia, North America: Bering Strait. 4. land topography includes five categories: plains, plateaus, mountains, hills and basins.

Himalayas, Cordillera Mountains, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Amazon Plain can all be found on the topographic map.

6. Read the topographic map of the mainland and judge the general trend of the mainland.

7. Plate tectonic theory: The lithosphere on the earth's surface consists of six plates, namely, Asia-Europe plate, Africa plate, Indian Ocean plate, Pacific plate, America plate and Antarctica plate. The interior of the plate is relatively stable and the crustal movement at the edge of the plate is relatively active, which is easy to form volcanoes and earthquakes.

8. There are two major volcanic seismic belts in the world: the Pacific Rim volcanic seismic belt and the Mediterranean-Himalayan volcanic seismic belt.

Chapter IV: World Climate

1. Weather: Atmospheric conditions (wind and rain, heat and cold, sunny and sunny days, etc. ), and the weather is short-term and constantly changing. Climate: the average weather condition in a place for many years. The climate is long and relatively stable.

2. Understand common weather symbols.

3. Temperature refers to the temperature of the atmosphere, in℃, and the measurement method is thermometer.

The temperature will change during the day. The highest temperature on land generally appears around 2 pm, and the lowest temperature appears around sunrise. The temperature changes in a year. The highest average monthly temperature on land in the northern hemisphere is July, and the lowest temperature is 65438+ 10 month, but the opposite is true in the southern hemisphere.

5. Daily temperature difference: the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in a day. Temperature annual range: the difference between the average temperature in the hottest month of the year and the average temperature in the most Leng Yue.

6. Vertical variation of temperature: in the same place, the temperature drops by 0.6℃ per altitude 100 m.

7. Learn to read the annual average isotherm of the world.

8. Global annual average temperature distribution law: global temperature decreases from low latitude to high latitude; At the same latitude, the temperature of ocean and land is different; At the same latitude, the temperature in the plateau and mountainous area is low, and the temperature in the plain is high.

9. Learn to read the temperature curve.

10. Precipitation: Water vapor in the air falls on the ground in the form of rain, snow and hail, which is called precipitation. The measurement method is rain gauge, and the unit is millimeter (mm).

1 1, which can analyze the seasonal variation of precipitation in a place.

12, learn to look at the world precipitation distribution map.

13. Regional differences in global precipitation: there is more precipitation in equatorial regions and less precipitation in polar regions; Near the tropic of cancer, there is more precipitation on the east coast of the mainland and less precipitation on the west coast; In temperate regions, there is less precipitation on the mainland and more precipitation along the coast; There is more precipitation on windward slope and less precipitation on leeward slope in mountainous area.

14, learn to read precipitation histogram.

15, the main influencing factors of world climate: latitude position, land and sea position, topography, etc.

16, know the main climate types and distribution.

17, which can explain the influence of climate on production and life.

Chapter 5: The world population is 1, and the natural population growth rate = birth rate-death rate.

Population density = total population/area

3. The densely populated areas in the world: the plain areas in the mid-latitude coastal areas such as East Asia, South Asia, Europe and East America. The world is vast and sparsely populated: arid and water-deficient desert areas, high-temperature and humid rainforest areas, high-latitude areas with severe cold in 2008, plateau mountainous areas with high terrain and thin air.

4. Population problem: Rapid population growth will lead to food shortage, housing shortage, traffic congestion, schooling, employment, difficulty in seeing a doctor, resource shortage and other problems.

Too slow population growth will lead to problems such as labor shortage, insufficient national defense force and aging population.

5. The three major races in the world:

Yellow race: distributed in eastern and southeastern Asia, northern North America, northern and western South America.

Caucasians: Europe, West and South Asia, North Africa, Central North America, East Coast of South America and Oceania.

South Africa and Central Africa.

6. The main languages in the world are Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish and Arabic.

Chinese is the most widely used language in the world and English is the most widely used language.

7. The three major religions in the world:

Islam: Popular in West Asia and Southeast Asia, North Africa and East Africa.

Buddhism: spread from ancient India to East Asia and Southeast Asia.

Christianity: popular in Europe, America and Oceania.

8. The main forms of settlements include cities and villages.

9. Settlements are mainly distributed in areas with flat terrain, fertile soil, abundant water resources, warm and humid climate, rich natural resources and convenient transportation.

10. List some settlements listed in the World Cultural Heritage List.

Chapter VIII: China's territory and population.

1. China is located in the eastern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere, in eastern Asia and the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.

2. The southernmost part of China is located in Zengmu shoal in Nansha Islands, and the northernmost part is located in the center line of Heilongjiang main channel north of Mohe River in Heilongjiang Province.

North and south across latitude 49 latitude; The easternmost point is at the intersection of the middle line of Heilongjiang main channel and Wusuli River, and the westernmost point is Pamir in Xinjiang.

On the plateau, things span about 60 longitudes.

China has a total land area of 9.6 million square kilometers, ranking third in the world, only next to Russian and Canadian. Have 14 land neighbors (familiar);

There are six countries across the sea: Korea, Japan, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei.

4. China has a superior geographical position and a vast territory, which provides favorable conditions for developing a variety of agricultural economies; Promote foreign exchanges and cooperation; Easy to develop the ocean

Foreign business.

5. From north to south, the sea areas bordering China are Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea. The coastline of Chinese mainland is long18,000 kilometers, mainly

Islands include Taiwan Province Island and Hainan Island, peninsulas include Liaodong Peninsula, Shandong Peninsula and Leizhou Peninsula, and straits include Taiwan Province Strait and Qiongzhou Strait.

6. The administrative region of China is divided into three levels: province, county and township.

7, China * * * has 34 provincial administrative regions, including 23 provinces (familiar with), 5 autonomous regions (Xizang Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region), 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing),

Two special administrative regions (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, established in July 1, 0997; Macao Special Administrative Region,199965438+established on February 20th),

Remember the name, abbreviation and provincial capital center of each provincial administrative region.

8. China is the most populous country in the world. In 2000, it was 65.438+0.295 billion, accounting for more than 654.38+0.5 of the world population. Countries with a population of more than 1 100 million in the world.

China, India, USA, Russian Federation, Indonesia, Brazil, Japan, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nigeria.

9. China has a large population base and a rapid population growth. China regards family planning as a basic national policy.

10 There are 56 ethnic groups in China, among which the Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for 92%, and the other 55 ethnic groups * * * account for 8%, all of which are ethnic minorities.

1 1. The distribution of ethnic groups in China is characterized by "large mixed communities and small settlements", and ethnic minorities are mainly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast regions.

Chapter 9: China's natural environment and natural resources.

1, China has diverse topography and vast mountains.

2. The topography of China is high in the west and low in the east, showing a three-stage distribution; The dividing line between the first step and the second step is Kunlun Mountain-Altun Mountain-Qilian Mountain.

-Hengduan Mountains; The dividing line between the second step and the third step is Daxinganling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain. (It can be found on the map)

3. The main east-west mountain ranges in China are: Tianshan-Yinshan; Kunlun Mountain-Qinling Mountains; Nanling.

The main north-south mountains in China are: Helan Mountain; Hengduan mountains.

4. Four plateaus in China:

Qinghai-Tibet Plateau-the largest plateau in China, is also the highest plateau in the world, with continuous snow-capped mountains and extensive glaciers.

Inner Mongolia Plateau-the terrain is open and endless.

Loess Plateau.

Yunnan-guizhou plateau-rugged peaks.

5. The three plains of China:

Northeast Plain: The largest plain in China, consisting of Sanjiang Plain, Songnen Plain and Liaohe Plain, is widely distributed with black soil, swamp and frozen soil.

North China Plain: The terrain is flat and endless, and it is alluvial by the Yellow River, Haihe River and Huaihe River.

Plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: There are many rivers and lakes, rich in products, and have the reputation of "water town" and "land of fish and rice".

6. China Four great basin:

Tarim Basin: China has the largest area, the inland is relatively flat, and deserts are widely distributed, the largest of which is Taklimakan Desert.

Junggar Basin: The highest latitude basin in China, with flat interior, desert distribution and gaps in the west.

Qaidam basin: the highest basin in the world, a typical inland plateau basin; It is called "cornucopia".

Sichuan basin: low altitude, low inland hills. Only Chengdu Plain is relatively flat, but it is rich in products.

7. The main hills in China are southeast hills, Shandong hills and Liaodong hills.

8. Winter temperature in China (65438+1October): the temperature difference between north and south is very large. The 0℃ isotherm of 65438+ 10 is roughly distributed along the Qinling-Huaihe line.

The summer (July) temperature in China is generally high in the south and low in the north, and low in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

9. The spatial distribution of annual precipitation in China is uneven: it decreases from the southeast coast to the northwest inland.

The time distribution of annual precipitation in China is uneven: more in summer and autumn, less in winter and spring.

Understand the relationship between monsoon activity and seasonal variation of precipitation.

The 800 mm isorainfall line is distributed along the Qinling-Huaihe line.

10, climate characteristics of China: the monsoon climate is remarkable, the rain and heat are in the same period, and the climate is complex and diverse.

1 1. Understand the influence of climate characteristics on agricultural production.

12. Main disastrous weather in China:

Typhoon: it has obvious influence in the southeast coastal areas, bringing strong winds and heavy rains; Mainly in summer and autumn.

Cold wave: the northern part of China has obvious influence, bringing about a sharp drop in temperature. Mainly in winter.

13, can tell the main rivers in China on the map.

14, Yangtze River:

Originated in Tanggula and injected into the East China Sea, with a total length of 6,300 kilometers.

It flows through 1 1 provinces (Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shanghai);

The main tributaries are Jialing River, Hanjiang River and Ganjiang River. (It can be found on the map)

The dividing points of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are Yichang, Hubei and Hukou, Jiangxi.

Upstream-large drop, many canyons, rapid water flow and abundant water energy;

Middle reaches-meandering streams, tributaries and lakes;

Downstream-the water flow is steady, and the river is wide and deep, which is beneficial to shipping.

15, Yellow River:

Originated in Bayan Kara, it flows into the Bohai Sea, with a total length of 5,464 kilometers, making it the second longest river in China.

The main stream flows through 9 provinces (Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong);

The main tributaries are Taohe River, Huangshui River, Fenhe River and Weihe River. (It can be found on the map)

The dividing point of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is the estuary of Inner Mongolia and the old Jin Meng of Henan.

Upstream-multi-canyon rapids are rich in hydraulic resources,

The middle reaches-flowing through the Loess Plateau, with heavy sediment,

Downstream-the basin area is narrow, forming an "overground river".

16. Both Gezhouba Water Control Project and Three Gorges Water Control Project can be found on the map of the Yangtze River Basin.

Sanmenxia water control project and Xiaolangdi water control project can be found on the map of the Yellow River basin.

17, the average annual runoff of the Yangtze River is 1 trillion cubic meters, which is the largest river in China, with a large amount of water in the upper reaches, great topographic differences and abundant hydropower resources.

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have low terrain, slow flow and high shipping value.

18, Comprehensive Management of the Yellow River:

The main harm of the Yellow River lies in sediment, and the loose loess in the middle reaches makes the lower reaches a "river on the ground", so the key to harnessing the Yellow River lies in sand control, which is the foundation of harnessing the Yellow River.

First, strengthen soil and water conservation in the loess plateau in the middle reaches; The measures and means of harnessing the Yellow River are: hydropower development in the upper reaches and loess in the middle reaches.

Carry out soil and water conservation work in plateau areas, strengthen dams and dredge downstream rivers.

19, Qinghai Lake is the largest lake in China, a saltwater lake, distributed in Qinghai Province.

Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, distributed in Jiangxi Province. Dongting Lake is located in Hunan Province and Taihu Lake is located in Jiangsu Province.

20. Natural resources: land, sunshine, minerals, forests, water, etc. It is of use value to human beings in nature.

Natural resources are divided into renewable resources (which can be updated, regenerated or recycled in a short time) and non-renewable resources (some of which are used less than once).

) two types, renewable resources should be used reasonably, and non-renewable resources should be used sparingly.

China is rich in natural resources, and its per capita is insufficient.

2 1. The basic characteristics of China's land resources are: the total amount is rich, the types of utilization are complete, but the per capita possession is small, and the proportion of various types of land is unreasonable.

There are few cultivated land and forest land, but there are many hard-to-use land, and the reserve land resources are insufficient, especially the contradiction between man and land is particularly prominent.

22. The basic national policy of land use in China is to cherish and rationally use every inch of land and effectively protect cultivated land.

23. The total amount of water resources in China ranks sixth in the world, but the per capita water quantity is only 1/4 of the world average, ranking behind 1 10.

The shortage of water resources will become the most serious resource problem facing mankind in the 2 1 century.

24. China's water resources are unevenly distributed in time and space, with more in summer and less in winter and spring. Spatially, there are more in the south and less in the north, and the water shortage in North China and Northwest China is the most serious.

Seriously. China has more water in the south and less water in the north.

25. The way to solve the uneven spatial distribution of water resources is inter-basin water transfer, and the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is one of the major projects.

The solution to the uneven time distribution of water resources is to build reservoirs.

Chapter 10: Economy and Culture

1. The dividing line between the southern region and the northern region is the Qinling-Huaihe line. Cultivated land types: paddy field in the south and dry land in the north;

Farming system, three crops a year or two in the north and two or three crops a year in the south; Wheat is the main food crop in the north.

The south is dominated by rice.

2. Four industrial bases in China:

Central and South Liaoning Industrial Base: A Famous Heavy Industry Base in China;

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Industrial Base: the largest comprehensive industrial base in northern China;

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Base: the largest comprehensive industrial base in China;

Pearl River Delta Industrial Base: A comprehensive industrial base focusing on light industry.

3. At present, China's initially formed high-tech industrial belts are mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas, and most of them are attached to big cities, showing great dispersion.

Distribution characteristics of small concentration.

4. Five forms of modern transportation and their characteristics

Railway: the most important mode of transportation in China, with large volume and low freight.

Highway: the most flexible mode of transportation, which can realize door-to-door transportation.

Water transportation: large and bulky goods have long transportation distance, large volume, low freight rate and slow transportation speed.

Sea transportation: suitable for the transportation of precious or urgently needed goods with small quantity, high speed, high freight rate and small volume.

Pipeline: mainly transporting oil and natural gas.

5. Remember the main north-south railway trunk lines (Beijing-Harbin line, Beijing-Guangzhou line, Beijing-Shanghai line, Beijing-Kowloon line and Baocheng-Chengkun line).

Main east-west railway trunk lines (Longhai-Lanxin Line, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Line, Hunan-Guizhou-Kunming Line, Nankun Line),

Beijing, Zhengzhou, Xuzhou and other important railway hubs.

6. Find out the main ports of China on the map: Dalian, Tianjin, Jinan, Shanghai, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Haikou, etc.

7. Illustrate the local characteristics of China's folk houses, costumes and diets, and analyze the influence of natural environment on the formation of characteristics.

8. Main scenic spots are distributed in provinces:

Huangshan-Anhui, Three Gorges of Yangtze River-Chongqing and Hubei, Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang-Shaanxi, Sun Moon Lake-Taiwan Province Province, Potala Palace-Tibet.

Chapter 11: Geographical differences

Can accurately find out the four geographical divisions of China on the map.

(a) Natural and cultural differences between northern and southern regions:

1. The dividing line between the northern region and the southern region roughly passes through the Qinling-Huaihe line.

2. The northern terrain is dominated by plains (Northeast Plain and North China Plain) and plateaus (Loess Plateau), while the southern terrain is dominated by plains (the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River).

The basin (Sichuan Basin), plateau (Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau) and hills (southeast hills) crisscross.

3. Climate: Temperate monsoon climate predominates in the north and tropical and subtropical monsoon climate predominates in the south.

4. Rivers: the flow of rivers in the north is small, the flood season is short, and there is ice in winter; The rivers in the south have large flow, long flood season and no ice in winter.

5. Vegetation: temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest is dominant in the north and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest is dominant in the south.

6. Agriculture: there are many dry lands in the north and many paddy fields in the south; Wheat and soybean are mainly planted in the north, and rice and rape are mainly planted in the south;

Crops in the north are harvested once or three times a year, and crops in the south are harvested two or three times a year.

7. Transportation: The northern part is mainly transported by land, while the southern part is mainly transported by water.

8. Architecture: the roof slope of the northern residential houses is small and the walls are thick; The roofs and walls of houses in the south are steep.

(2) Northwest arid areas:

1, the terrain is mainly plateau (Inner Mongolia Plateau) and basin (Tarim Basin and Junggar Basin).

2. The climate is dominated by temperate continental climate.

3. Regional characteristics: drought; Taklimakan Desert is the largest desert in China.

4. Rivers and lakes: scarce, with small water volume and short flow, there are many inland rivers and lakes, and the longest inland river is Tarim River.

5. Vegetation: mainly temperate grassland; From east to west are grasslands, desert grasslands and deserts.

(3) The alpine Qinghai-Tibet region:

1, the terrain is mainly plateau (the roof of the world-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau) and mountains.

2. The climate is dominated by plateau and alpine climate.

3. Regional characteristics: extremely cold.

4. Rivers and lakes: Yangtze River, Yellow River, Yarlung Zangbo River, etc. The largest lake is Qinghai Lake (saltwater lake).

5. Vegetation: Plateau alpine grassland.

(4) Northwest China and Qinghai-Tibet region, which are dominated by animal husbandry.

1, animal husbandry: Inner Mongolia is a temperate grassland pasture: Sanhe Horse, Sanhe Cattle and Ningxia Tan Sheep;

Xinjiang is a mountain pasture: Xinjiang fine-wool sheep;

Qinghai and Tibet are alpine pastures: cattle and Tibetan sheep.

2. Irrigation agriculture: Northwest China is distributed in Ningxia Plain, Hetao Plain, Hexi Corridor and oasis at the foot of Tianshan Mountain.

The Qinghai-Tibet region is distributed in the valley agriculture of southern Tibet valley and Huangshui valley.

Chapter 12: China area.

(1) Capital Beijing

1, Beijing is located in the northern edge of North China Plain, facing the Bohai Sea, which is about 400N, 1 160E, with a warm temperate continental monsoon climate.

Beijing is the political center, cultural center and international exchange center of China. The Great Hall of the People is the seat of the NPC Standing Committee.

Zhongnanhai is the seat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council.

3. Beijing is one of the famous historical and cultural cities and ancient capitals in China; There are many places of interest; The change of its address has an important relationship with the water source.

4. In the process of building a modern metropolis, Beijing's urban space expands around the old city, and the roads are composed of circular roads and radial roads.

(B) Pearl River Delta

1. The Pearl River Delta is located in the southeast of Guangdong Province, at the lower reaches of the Pearl River, adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, across the sea from Southeast Asia, with convenient land and water transportation. It's China.

South Gate.

2. The Pearl River Delta is the frontier of China's opening to the outside world, with Guangzhou as the center, and Shenzhen and Zhuhai (the fifth largest city in China) are economically developed.

Two special economic zones [Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Xiamen and Hainan]).

3. The favorable factors for the economic development of the Pearl River Delta include location, humanity (hometown of overseas Chinese) and policy (reform and opening up).

4. The Pearl River Delta economy is export-oriented, and it is one of the largest production and export bases of electronic and daily consumer goods in the world.

(3) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

1, located in the northwest border of China, is the largest province in China and a multi-ethnic settlement dominated by Uighurs and Hans.

2. Topography: Three mountains (Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain and Kunlun Mountain) are sandwiched by two basins (Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin).

3. Climate: it is dominated by temperate continental climate, living inland and far from the ocean, with scarce precipitation and arid climate.

4. Oasis agriculture: It is hot in summer, with sufficient sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night. Crops include wheat, corn, sorghum, cotton, sugar beet, melons and fruits.

5. Energy development with great potential: oil and gas resources have great potential. The west-to-east gas pipeline starts from Lunnan in Tarim Basin in the west and ends in Shanghai in the east.

Nine provinces and regions can alleviate the energy shortage in the eastern region.

(4) Hong Kong and Macao

1. Hong Kong and Macao are located at the southeast end of Chinese mainland, Hong Kong is located to the east of the Pearl River Estuary, Macao is located to the west of the Pearl River Estuary, and Guangdong is adjacent to the north.

2. Hong Kong consists of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories and more than 200 surrounding islands, with a population density of about 6,000 people per square kilometer.

3. Macau consists of Macau Peninsula, Taipa Island and Coloane Island, with a population density of about 65,438+07,244 people /km2.

4. The China government established the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on July 20th, 1997 and the Macao Special Administrative Region on February 20th, 1999.

The China government has formulated the policy of "one country, two systems", while the mainland of China has a socialist system, while Hongkong and Macao have a capitalist system.

6. The tertiary industry in Hong Kong is developed, and it is an international trade center, transportation center, financial center, information service center and tourism center.

7. Macao's tertiary industry is developed, and gaming tourism is an important pillar industry of Macao's economic development.

8. The advantages of Hong Kong and the Mainland are complementary and mutually beneficial. China is rich in natural resources and labor resources, and Hong Kong is rich in funds.

Technology, talents and management experience.

(5) Treasure Island Taiwan Province Province

1. Taiwan Province Island is the largest island in China. It is located in the southeast of Chinese mainland, bordering the East China Sea in the north, the Pacific Ocean in the east and the South China Sea across the sea in the south.

Taiwan Province Strait faces Fujian Province.

2. Taiwan Province Province consists of Taiwan Province Island and many small islands such as Penghu Islands and Diaoyu Islands nearby. The Tropic of Cancer passes through the south-central part of Taiwan Province Province, and it also passes through the tropics and

Subtropical.

3. Taiwan Province Province has a population of more than 22 million, 97% of which are Han nationality. Most of them are descendants of immigrants from Guangdong and Fujian provinces since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and most of them are from Taiwan Province Province.

The minority is Gaoshan.

4. The topography of Taiwan Province Province is mainly mountainous and plain, mainly distributed in the west. The highest peak is Yushan Mountain.

5. Treasure Island with rich resources:

Sea of forest: 1/2 forest cover, and the output of camphor and camphor ranks first in the world;

Haimi warehouse: rich in rice;

Hometown of fruits: bananas, pineapples, etc.

Oriental sweet island: sugarcane;

Southeast salt storage: sea salt.

Hope to adopt.