The historical origin of Manhan tune

When people mention Zhungeer Banner in Ordos City, people often think of its rapidly developing economy and ever-changing urban landscape. However, what makes people deeply impressed by this flag is not only its economic development and urban construction, but also its unique national culture and art - Manhan Diao. The art of Manhan Tune in Zhungeer Banner has a long history. In 1996, Zhungeer Banner was named the hometown of Chinese folk culture and art (Manhan Diao) by the Ministry of Culture. In 2008, the folk art Manhan Tune was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list. In 2011, Zhungeer Banner was renamed the Hometown of Chinese Folk Culture and Art (Manhan Diao) by the Ministry of Culture.

The word "Manhan" in Manhan Diao is the transliteration of the Mongolian "Manghe", which means "sand dune", "shaliang" and "desert". Zhungar Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the birthplace of Manhan Tiao, is an area full of sand dunes, sand ridges, and deserts. It is natural, reasonable, and very fitting for the Mongolian and Han people living here to name their songs after Manhan Tiao. Appropriate. Zhungeer Banner is the hometown of "Manhan Diao", which is a specialty of Zhungeer Banner. As a result, it was named the hometown of folk art by the Ministry of Culture.

As early as more than a hundred years ago, during the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods of the Qing Dynasty, the policy of "borrowing land to support the people" was implemented for the Mongolian Banner, which caused a large number of Han immigrants to flow into Zhun Banner, forming a mixed settlement of Mongolian and Han people, farming and animal husbandry. situation. The immigration of Han people not only opened up the development of the agricultural economy, but also promoted the exchange and integration of culture and art between the Mongolian and Han banners, especially the folk song art. This is how the "Manhan Diao" of Zhun Banner came into being.

But there is another local saying about the name: In the late Qing Dynasty, Mongolian and Han people lived together in Zhungeer. They often played and sang together. At first, the Mongolian people sang Mongolian folk songs, and the Han people sang Shanxi and Shaanxi folk songs. , over time, some Mongolian short tunes were accepted by the Han people, and the lyrics were randomly compiled according to the improvisational lyrics method. They sounded fresh and fresh, and were quickly appreciated by the Mongolian people. Therefore, "Manhan Diao" is also called "Barbarian Diao". To put it bluntly, it uses Mongolian short tunes as the skin and Han singing methods as the fillings to form a whole.

The singing forms of Manmanhan tune include solo singing, chorus singing and duet singing, and the main form of expression is antiphonal singing. When men and women sing in duet, men and women sing in the same tune, and men usually sing in falsetto.

"Manhan tune has a crisp clank sound, and the Mongolian and Han brothers sing more and more intimately. Manhan tune is like the willow root, and the laughter is sung hand in hand. The water of the Yellow River circles Zhunge The stream of flags flows into the hearts of the Mongolian and Han people. As time goes by, the friendship between the Mongolian and Han people remains for generations..." In the area where my country's Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia meet, the Loess Plateau and the Ordos Plateau, Lyrics of Manhan tune like this have emerged one after another and have been sung for nearly 200 years. They also express the solidarity and friendship between the Mongolian and Han people.

Looking back at the history of the formation of Manhan Diao, national unity is its distinctive feature. The word "Manhan" in Manhan Diao is the transliteration of the Mongolian "Manghe", which means sand dunes, sand beams and desert. Therefore, Manhan tune can also be called sand dune tune, Shaliang tune, and desert tune. Jungar Banner, the birthplace of Manhan Tiao, is an area full of sand dunes, sand ridges and deserts.

In the history of Jungar Banner, Mongolian and Han people have lived together for a long time, engaged in farming and animal husbandry, and the Mongolian and Han people have helped each other and lived in harmony during their long-term work and life. Over time, they imitated each other in terms of lifestyle and living habits, and exchanged extensively in culture and art. They jointly created the unique art form of Manhan Tune and it has been passed down to this day.

Manhan tune is a unique Ordos song type that is exquisitely blended based on Mongolian short-tuned folk songs and Han singing style. Manhan Diao's tune is passionate and bold, the melody is simple and novel, the language is simple and unpretentious, coupled with the neat syntax and bright rhythm, it is also integrated with the Zhungeer dialect, exuding a strong local flavor and mountain flavor, forming a unique artistic style. It has been popular in Zhungeer Banner and surrounding Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places for a long time.