Immigrating to Mars faces two unexpected obstacles: severe jet lag and the personality of astronauts.

British media said that British space experts warned that the "time difference" between planets and the discomfort of astronauts should be the biggest obstacle to immigration to Mars.

According to the Daily Telegraph website 65438+February 3 1, although scientists are still trying to find out how to protect astronauts from space radiation and prevent zero gravity from affecting their bodies during long space travel, it may be a more common worry that hinders long space travel.

At last week's meeting, experts considered the social and psychological obstacles faced in the long space travel. The conclusion is that a major worrying problem is that it may be difficult for astronauts to "get along well".

Previous studies have shown that although astronauts have received comprehensive social skills tests, as many as half of them will encounter problems that are incompatible with other astronauts' personalities.

The organizer of the conference, Dr. Federico Caprotti of the University of Exeter, said: "The biggest obstacle to emigrating to Mars is not technical, but psychological."

Caprotti said: "The psychological questions raised by long-range space missions are beyond the answers of existing space science knowledge."

He said: "For example, the mission of the International Space Station enables astronauts to return to Earth quickly, so they feel close to the Earth psychologically. But the mission to Mars can't do this, so the astronauts are under great pressure. "

Caprotti said: "There is also the problem of' time difference' between planets. The journey to Mars takes about 400 days, but vasimr in the experimental stage may shorten this journey. "

He said: "This journey is long, and there is no instant communication with the earth, because the signal transmission takes 4 to 24 minutes. The resulting psychological impact will be enormous. "

On the International Space Station, flight controllers used special lighting to simulate the alternation of day and night to maintain a 24-hour circadian rhythm, but astronauts still complained about the "jet lag" reaction on their way back to Earth.

But the "time difference" reaction is the most serious when we arrive at Mars. Mars Day is 24 hours, 39 minutes and 35 seconds. Although this is not much different from the situation on earth, it is equivalent to flying west for two time zones every three days.

Previously, NASA's Mars probe controller tried to work in planetary time, but many people gave up because of complicated operation.

At present, space agencies such as NASA and ESA use pre-mission psychological tests to ensure that astronauts can work together, but 40% to 50% of mission reports show that there is friction between astronauts.

Dr Steven Palmer, who is engaged in space and Antarctic research at the University of Exeter, said: "This will be a major problem in the 400-day return mission and the Mars intervention mission."

Palmer said: "We also heard that when performing tasks in remote areas of the earth, some people painted the walls in colors that others didn't like, which caused resentment and destroyed the cohesion of the team."

He said: "Many people think that the mission to Mars should be controlled by' natural leaders', but institutions such as the British Antarctic Survey have found that you need people who can make compromises."

The impact of space travel on human body is also a matter of great concern to controllers. Now we know that microgravity can affect metabolism, thermoregulation, heart rhythm, muscle tension, bone density and respiratory system.

The study of 20 16 in the United States also found that astronauts who went into deep space to perform lunar missions were five times more likely to die of cardiovascular diseases than astronauts who entered low orbit or never left the earth.

20 17 Russian scientists found that deep space travel may bring amazing changes to the human immune system. If exposed to the virus, astronauts can hardly resist even minor illnesses, such as the common cold.