⑤ Compare the climate types, minerals, main farm products, population, industry and economic characteristics between Sao Paulo, Brazil and Calcutta, India.

Kolkata: the capital of West Bengal, India. It is located in the Ganges Delta in eastern India, on the east bank of the Hugely River (a tributary of the Ganges). The city has a population of 4,638,35, and the population of the whole metropolitan area is 14,681,589 (January 26), making it the third largest metropolitan area in India (after Mumbai and Delhi) and the fourth largest city in India.

Calcutta has a tropical climate. The annual average temperature is 26.8 degrees Celsius, and the monthly average temperature ranges from 19 °C to 3 C.. Summer is hot and humid, and the highest temperature often exceeds 4 °C from May to July. Winter lasts only two and a half months, and in December and January, the temperature will drop to 12 C–14 C. The highest temperature recorded is 43 °C and the lowest temperature is 5 C. Thunderstorms are often accompanied by strong winds in early summer, which attack the city intermittently, which is very helpful to alleviate the damp and heat. This thunderstorm is locally called Kal baisakhi (Northwest Strong Wind).

from June to September, the southeast monsoon brings more than half of the annual rainfall to the city, 1,582 mm. The maximum rainfall occurs in August monsoon season (36 mm). The sunshine duration in this city is 2,528 hours every year, and the maximum sunshine duration appears in March every year. Pollution is a major problem in Calcutta, and the level of suspended particulate matter (SPM) is higher than other big cities in India, which causes smog regularly.

Kolkata is a major commercial and financial center in eastern and northeastern India, with the Kolkata Stock Exchange, the second largest exchange in India. It is also an important commercial port and military port, and the only city in the region with an international airport. Kolkata used to be the capital and number one city of India. After India's independence, due to the unstable political situation (located at the border of hostile countries) and the trade union movement supported by left-wing parties, a large amount of funds fled and began to experience a long-term economic recession. From the 196s to the mid-199s, many large factories closed or contracted, and businesses moved elsewhere. The lack of funds and resources, coupled with insufficient international demand for the city's traditional industries (such as jute), has further increased the city's economic depression. In 199s, with the election of reformer Buddev Bhattacharjee as the Chief Minister of West Bengal, Kolkata's economy began to liberalize, which brought opportunities for the city's development.

For a long time, in Kolkata, more than 4% of the workforce has been employed in the informal sector. The city has a large number of unskilled and semi-skilled workers. At the same time, as the capital of West Bengal, employees of state government and federal government also account for a large proportion of the city's labor force. Kolkata's economic revival is largely due to the IT industry, with the annual growth rate of IT department reaching 7%-2 times the national average < P > In recent years, there has been a wave of investment in new residential projects in Kolkata. Kolkata has many factories run by large companies, producing products ranging from electronics to jute. Some famous companies set up their headquarters in Kolkata, such as ITC, Bata Shoes, Bora Company, Indian Coal Company, Concord Bank of India, UCO Bank and Allahabad Bank. After 2, the Indian government adopted the policy of "looking to the East", opened the Nathula Pass between Sikkim and China for border trade, and opened Southeast Asian countries to enter the Indian market and invest, which made Kolkata gain a favorable position.

Kolkata, India is relatively scarce in resources, so there are basically no mineral resources ~

Sao Paulo (Portuguese: s? O Paulo,) is a state in Brazil, named after Sao Paulo. S? o Paulo State is an important industrial and economic zone in Brazil.

with an area of 248,29.426 square kilometers and a population of 41,55,734 (accounting for 21.5% of Brazil's national population), S? o Paulo State is the most populous national division in the western hemisphere. The climate of S? o Paulo belongs to tropical to subtropical zone, and the altitude is the main factor of climate difference in this state.

Climate

Because of the relatively high terrain, it is rainy and cool in summer, dry and cold in winter, and there is no severe cold. It is a city with pleasant climate, green trees and beautiful scenery.

industry

Sao Paulo is the largest industrial city in Brazil, and the formation and development of urban industry is closely related to the economy of Sao Paulo state. Before the 19th century, S? o Paulo was rich in cotton, rice and coffee, so the traditional industries of cotton spinning, grain processing and coffee processing were the main industries in S? o Paulo, the state capital. Later, industries such as metallurgy, machinery, automobile, electric power, food, cement, chemistry, rubber, tobacco, paper making, etc. were gradually developed, and the main reason why these industrial departments were able to develop vigorously was that there were abundant hydraulic resources near the city, and most of the industrial raw materials could be obtained from S? o Paulo State and its nearby areas. In the past two or three decades, Sao Paulo has also built a Brazilian electronics industry center, an automobile industry base and the largest oil refinery in China. There are more than 3, factories and enterprises in Sao Paulo, with more than 2 million industrial workers, accounting for half of Brazil's national industry.

s? o Paulo's agricultural products are characterized by many varieties and good quality. It is the main agricultural production area in Brazil, accounting for 24% of Brazil's agricultural output value, exceeding the sum of Nandahe and Paraná, the second and third largest agricultural production areas in China. In the output value of agriculture and animal husbandry in 25, nearly 5% were industrial plant products, 28.5% were animal products, and the rest were fresh fruits, grains, fiber products and oil crops. Oranges and sugar cane produced in Sao Paulo account for 8% and 58% of the national total output respectively. In 25, the total output value of these two products reached $5.63 billion, accounting for 43% of the agricultural output value of the whole state. In terms of animal husbandry, the stock in Sao Paulo accounts for 6.7% of the country's total, and the milk production accounts for 7.4% of the country's total. In 25, the total output value of beef and milk was $2.21 billion. In terms of poultry industry, the number of hens in Sao Paulo accounts for 22% of the country, the number of roosters and chicks accounts for 15% of the country, and the egg production accounts for 3% of the country. In 25, the chicken production in Sao Paulo was 1.1 million tons, and with the production of eggs, * * * generated income of $1.12 billion.

There are not many kinds of main minerals in Sao Paulo. The main manufacturing center of mining equipment is S? o Paulo, followed by belo horizonte. But there are niobium, tantalum and copper ...

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