How many languages are there in Cantonese?

Cantonese is also called Cantonese, Cantonese, Guangfu dialect, Cantonese dialect and vernacular, while English is called Canton (or Yue), which is mainly used in most areas of Guangdong Province, southeastern Guangxi Province, Hong Kong, Macao and some overseas Chinese communities.

There are many kinds of Cantonese, such as Wuchuan dialect and Jia Dan dialect. There are also different dialects in different regions, such as Guangzhou dialect, Nanfanshun dialect, Luoguang dialect and Hong Kong dialect. There are also several kinds of Cantonese, such as Yongxun Cantonese (Nanning dialect), Wuzhou Cantonese (Wuzhou dialect), Goulou Cantonese (Yulin dialect), Qinlian Cantonese (Qinlian dialect) and so on.

Sub-dialect:

Cantonese is the largest dialect in Guangxi. Cantonese contains many distinctive sub-dialects, such as Goulou Cantonese, Siyi Cantonese, Wannu Pinghua, Guangxi Pinghua and Pinghua, which are all branches of Cantonese and have all the typical characteristics of Cantonese sub-dialects. According to legend, Han soldiers brought from Di Qing.

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, hereinafter referred to as Guangxi, is an autonomous region of People's Republic of China (PRC), with Nanning as its capital. Located in the west of South China, it borders Beibu Gulf in the south and Vietnam in the south. Guangxi is the region with the largest number of ethnic minorities in China, and its languages are Cantonese (vernacular), Guiliu Mandarin, Pinghua, Zhuang language and various local ethnic minority languages.

Guangdong dialect film (standard Guangdong)

Guangzhou dialect: Guangzhou dialect, also known as "Guangzhou dialect", is a typical representative of Cantonese, but Guangfu dialect itself is constantly changing and developing. Before 1949, the words used in Guangzhou dialect were quaint and less influenced by the northern dialect.

Divided into the following categories:

Nanfanshun dialect:

Guangzhou itself is composed of Panyu and a part of the South China Sea, so Guangzhou dialect can actually be regarded as a special case of Nanfanshun dialect. The dialects of Guangzhou, Panyu and Nanhai are close, but the pronunciation of many words in Shunde is different from other places. For example, the pronunciation of "concave" is [NAP] instead of [lap]; Eating is not called eating rice, but eating rice.

Luoguang dialect:

It is distributed in Zhaoqing, Sihui, Luoding, Guangning, Huaiji, Fengkai, Deqing, Yunan, Yangshan, Lianxian and Lianshan. Represented by Zhaoqing dialect.

Although all the phonetics and vocabulary are close to Guangzhou dialect, the intonation still retains the characteristics of the early ancient saying. For example, the high and low key of Yin Ping Tone is obviously different from that of Gao Pingtiao Tone, and the tone of Yin Ping Tone is biased (the tone value is similar to the fourth tone of Putonghua). There is almost no prevalent lazy sound in Cantonese dialect. For example, all words with non-I vowels are prefixed with initials [ng], ke [ngo 1], short [ngai2], sub [ngaa3], love [ngoi3] and evil [ngok3]. [n], [l] the sounds are different

(Modern) Hong Kong Dialect:

Before 1949, Hong Kong dialect had a strong Cantonese-Hakka mixed accent because of the mixed subject and object (that is, Hakka dialect was influenced by the tone and vocabulary of Guangfu dialect, and vice versa). Among them, Jintian dialect is the representative, but this accent only exists among the elderly people in Hong Kong today.

After 1949, a large number of lazy sounds began to appear in Hong Kong dialect, among which the disappearance of nasal sounds (that is, n/l is indistinguishable) and the disappearance of W- awkward sounds are the most obvious. The new generation of young people generally pronounce "you [nei]" and "I" [NGO] as [lei] and [o]. Misread "Guo" as "[gok]" and "Guo" as "Geh". This phenomenon seems to be related to a large number of foreign immigrants. For them, the pronunciation of n/l is not very different, and in most cases, confusing the two will not bring serious communication obstacles. Therefore, when they come to Hong Kong to learn this new dialect, they often give up what is difficult and take what is easy, thus diluting some indistinguishable pronunciation differences. This is also called "theory of human nature", which has also appeared in the evolution of desktop Mandarin and American English.

However, before the 1980s, the mass media still tried their best to avoid lazy voices in radio and TV programs. To this day, there are still Hong Kong linguists who criticize lazy pronunciation many times and put forward the activity of "correcting pronunciation". However, the lazy voice seems to be the feature of Cantonese in Hong Kong. In most mass media and singers' performances, lazy voices are regarded as "fashionable" and "fashionable" accents. But on the whole, Hong Kong dialect and Guangzhou dialect are still very close.

English is more popular in Hong Kong. In the past, Hong Kong usually came into contact with foreign new things before the mainland. In the past, the lower classes who didn't know English spelled everyday English words in Cantonese, so English loanwords in Cantonese are very common in Hong Kong. For example, "coiled pipe worker" and "foreman", brakes are called brakes, bearings are called bearings, strawberries are called strawberries, and so on. Many old people still call stamps stamps and insurance insurance. These idioms may confuse foreign Chinese users.

Toishane dialect:

Siyi dialect refers to the dialects of Xinhui, Enping, Kaiping and Taishan, among which Taishan dialect is the representative. Half of Zhuhai people speak Cantonese (especially in Doumen area), while other areas use Xiangshan Cantonese. The pronunciation of Siyi dialect is very different from that of Guangzhou dialect.

Movies in Levin dialect:

Levin dialect is mainly distributed in Yangjiang and Leizhou Peninsula.

Southern Guangxi dialect (Cancerese):

Mainly distributed in southeastern Guangxi. Take the county in northeast Guangxi to Nanning and Pingxiang in south Guangxi as the dividing line. Cantonese is mainly spoken in the southeast of Guangxi, accounting for almost one-third of the total area of Guangxi; Mandarin is mainly spoken in the northwest of the line. Cantonese in Guangxi is similar to Cantonese in Guangzhou, and everyone can understand it. However, in the early days, some Cantonese residents moved into ethnic minority areas and absorbed ethnic minority language elements, forming a dialect that is completely different from Guangzhou dialect, such as Goulou Cantonese. It mainly includes Yongxun Cantonese, Wuzhou Cantonese, Goulou Cantonese and Qinlian Cantonese.

The classification is as follows:

Yongxun Cantonese (Nanning Dialect):

Close to Wuzhou Cantonese. Mainly popular in towns with convenient transportation on both sides of Yongzhou and Zhou Xun, such as Nanning, Yongning, Chongzuo, Ningming, Hengxian, pingnan county and parts of Liuzhou. Take Nanning as the representative point.

Wuzhou Cantonese (Wuzhou Dialect):

Very close to Guangzhou dialect. They are mainly distributed in Wuzhou City, Daan, Danzhu and Wulin in Pingnan County, Jintian Town in Guiping County and Cangwu County, and Hexian County (now Hezhou) and its vicinity. The internal differences are very small. Represented by Wuzhou dialect, the phonetic system has 2 1 initials and 46 finals.

Goulou Cantonese (Yulin dialect):

Mainly distributed in Yulin, Guigang (except Pingnan County and Guiping County) 13 counties and cities. The phonology is complex, with 10 tones. There are rare voiced initials B and D in other dialects of Cantonese. Many words have lost their endings, such as [lar] in the second reading. And the vocabulary is also very distinctive. It is very different from Guangzhou dialect, so it is difficult for both of them to communicate.

Qinlian Cantonese (Qinlian Dialect):

It is basically the same as Yongxun Cantonese, with little internal difference. Mainly distributed in Qinzhou City, Hepu County (formerly known as Lianzhou), Pubei County, Fangcheng County, Lingshan and Beihai City.

Wuchuan dialect:

Distributed in Wuchuan City and Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province.

Egg family words:

The egg family is a Cantonese who claims to be on the water. Egg talk, also known as water talk, is widely used in houses, ships, Guangdong and Guangxi.