How did Qin rise?

It began to rise from Shang Yang's political reform.

At the beginning of Qin Xiaogong's accession to the throne, he was deeply saddened by the decline of Qin State, and ordered him to be thirsty for talents: "If there are guests and ministers, they can make wonderful plans for Qiang Qin, and I will respect the officials and share the land with them equally."

Wei Yang, a patriotic man, entered Qin and taught filial piety to be overbearing. Filial piety was very happy, pushed through public opinions, and took Wei Yang as a big example to implement political reform. ?

In 356 BC and 350 BC, Qin Xiaogong appointed Shang Yang to carry out the most thorough reform. Shang Yang's political reform encouraged population proliferation, emphasized agriculture and restrained business, abolished the system of "being an expensive official", rewarded military service, compiled household registration and implemented the law of "tongzhi".

At that time, the state of Qin was vast in territory and abundant in resources, with a large population. Therefore, Shang Yang suggested that Qin Xiaogong should adopt preferential policies for foreign immigrants to attract Sanjin people to reclaim wasteland in Qin.

In 350 BC, in order to deepen the reform and get rid of the interference of the old aristocratic forces, Qin Daliangzao (Shang Yang) proposed to move the capital from Yongcheng (now Baoji Fengxiang) to the newly-built Xianyang City, which was supported by Qin Xiaogong. ?

Wei Yang completely abolished the old stone-clearing system, established a new autocratic centralization of authority, promoted the county system to strengthen centralization, attached importance to agricultural products, and appeared a prosperous scene of "giving enough to the people".

People all over the country are ashamed of private wars, thinking that the country is proud of its achievements, its combat effectiveness is constantly increasing, and it has repeatedly defeated Wei Jun. Qiang Bing, a rich country, and Qin became the most powerful country at the end of the Warring States Period, outshining the West.

Extended data:

Main contents of Shang Yang's political reform:

First, the first political reform.

1, promulgated and implemented Wei Li's "Code", increased the law of sitting, and used heavy penalties for misdemeanors.

2. Abolish the old system of clearing records, reward military exploits, prohibit private fights, and promulgate a 20-level title system that rewards military exploits.

3. Emphasize agriculture and restrain business, reward agriculture and weaving, and especially reward reclamation; It is stipulated that those who produce more grain and cloth can be exempted from their own labor and taxes, take agriculture as the "industry" and commerce as the "last industry", limit the business scope of businessmen, and levy business tax again.

4, burn the classics, ban the official of the people.

5. Enforce the system of individual small family. It expanded the source of national tax revenue and military corvee, and laid a solid foundation for the growth of Qin's economic strength and military strength.

Second, the second political reform

1. abolish the aristocratic well field system, "open the building and seal the border", abolish the slavery state-owned land system, and implement private land ownership. The state recognizes private land and allows free transactions.

2. Popularize the county system and set up county-level bureaucracy; "Set small cities as counties", take counties as local administrative units and abolish the enfeoffment system. "Where there are thirty-one counties", counties and counties have county magistrates in charge of county administration, county magistrates assist county magistrates, and county commandants are in charge of military affairs. The county has jurisdiction over several cities, townships, cities and towns.

3. Move the capital to Xianyang and build a palace;

4. Unify the measurement system and promulgate the standards of weights and measures;

5, compiling household registration, five for five, ten for why, requiring residents to register household registration and starting to collect military tax according to population;

6, get rid of the remnants of Rongdi custom, prohibit father and son, brothers sharing the same room, and implement the small family policy. It is stipulated that if more than two sons in a household are not separated at the age of building, the household registration tax will be doubled. This is a supplement to the law of "the division of different sons" in the first reform, and it is also a norm for social customs.

After Shang Yang's political reform, the old system of Qin was completely abolished and the economy developed. Qin gradually became the most powerful country among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, which laid a solid foundation for the later Qin Dynasty to unify the world.

In 338 BC, Qin Xiaogong died and Qin Huiwen succeeded to the throne. Political reform violated the interests of the nobility and was strongly opposed by them. Shang Yang lost his strong supporters of the political reform, so it was difficult to argue, and he had to flee.

In the end, Shang Yang was killed in the pursuit of Qin Jun, only to end up with a "split car". However, the reform continues.

Baidu encyclopedia-Qin state