The history of * * * and * * *

1.*** Historical relationship with China China first discovered and developed * * *, and obtained * * * through preemptive strike. * * * and its adjacent waters have been places for China people to fish, collect herbs, take shelter from the wind and rest since ancient times. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the people of China discovered, used and named it. China's ancient books, such as "Geng Xu Shu" and "Farewell with the Wind", completely recorded the routes of China fishermen in this sea area. In the five centuries before 1895, China had been successfully exercising these rights.

Ryukyu was originally a vassal state in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and paid tribute to them. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, envoys were sent to confer titles on the Ryukyu King. * * * is located in the only way to Ryukyu, and the envoys sent to Ryukyu kings are marked by these islands. Official documents such as "The Record of the Ambassador to Ryukyu" recorded in detail the sailing experience to Ryukyu via * * *, Huangweiyu and chiwei yu, and confirmed the boundary between China and Ryukyu many times. Historical facts show that * * * does not belong to Ryukyu.

China * * * effectively ruled and managed * * and consolidated * * *. * * * has been incorporated into the territory of China in the past dynasties, and it has been developed, utilized and managed by administrative means, exercised * * * and ruled effectively. 1 17 1 year (the seventh year of the Southern Song Dynasty), Wang Dayou, a general guarding Fujian, set up a military camp in Penghu and sent troops to various islands. Taiwan Province Province and its affiliated islands, including * * *, are under the military jurisdiction of Penghu and administratively managed by Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian. Both Ming and Qing dynasties brought * * * and its affiliated islands into the territory and placed them under the jurisdiction of coastal defense. 1562 (Ming dynasty) and 1863 (Qing dynasty) are clearly defined and marked. Historical facts show that China has effectively exercised and consolidated its power through various forms of management.

2. What is the historical and legal basis of China's claim that * * * * * * and its affiliated islands consist of * * *, North Island, South Island, Huangwei Island, chiwei yu, North Island, South Island and Bird Island, which is about 385km away from Fuzhou, China, 0/90km away from Keelung City/KLOC-0 and 420km away from Naha City, Okinawa. Among them, * * * has the largest area, about 3.9 1 km2.

* * * and its affiliated islands have been the sacred territory of China since ancient times. China has sufficient historical and legal basis to prove that * * * * belongs to China. Japan's statement that * * * is "Japan's inherent territory" is completely untenable.

(1) was first discovered and named by China people.

(b) The people of China were the first to effectively manage, develop and utilize them.

(3) * * * is an affiliated island of Taiwan Province Province, China, which belongs to the territory of China.

(4) * * * was forced by Japan to sign the treaty of shimonoseki with Taiwan Province Province and ceded it to Japan.

(5) Japan should return * * to China according to the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation.

(6) China clearly declared to the world by law that "the islands such as * * * are the territory of China".

(7) Japanese scholars have proved that * * * is the territory of China.

In the territorial sea and contiguous zone system of the Convention, there are three methods to draw the baseline of the territorial sea: one is the normal baseline method, that is, the coastal low tide line; One is the straight baseline method, that is, the straight line connecting the appropriate points on the outermost edge of the mainland or island; One is the mixed baseline method, that is, the above two baseline methods are used alternately. People's Republic of China (PRC) territorial sea and the contiguous zone stipulates: "The baseline of People's Republic of China (PRC)'s territorial sea is determined by the straight baseline method". In reality, because the normal baseline is the low tide line, there is no need to select the base point, so the straight baseline method must be used to select the base point. Judging from the basis point of 17 published this time, the baseline is a single straight line baseline method, which fully conforms to the relevant provisions of Chinese laws. In addition, the baseline selection of * * * and its affiliated islands also meets the general requirements of the Convention for baseline and baseline trend selection. Therefore, it can be said that the delineation of the baseline of the territorial sea base point of * * * and its affiliated islands conforms to the spirit of the Convention and the relevant provisions of our laws.

3. The history of * * * has been recorded in ancient times. China first discovered and developed * * *, and obtained * * * by preemptive means.

* * * and its adjacent waters have been places for China people to fish, collect herbs, take shelter from the wind and rest since ancient times. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the people of China discovered, used and named it.

China's ancient books, such as "Geng Xu Shu" and "Farewell with the Wind", completely recorded the routes of China fishermen in this sea area. In the five centuries before 1895, China had been successfully exercising these rights.

Ryukyu was originally a vassal state in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and paid tribute to them. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, envoys were sent to confer titles on the Ryukyu King. * * * is located in the only way to Ryukyu, and the envoys sent to Ryukyu kings are marked by these islands. Official documents such as "The Record of the Ambassador to Ryukyu" recorded in detail the sailing experience to Ryukyu via * * *, Huangweiyu and chiwei yu, and confirmed the boundary between China and Ryukyu many times. Historical facts show that * * * does not belong to Ryukyu.

* * * is a historical fact of China (2 pieces). China * * * effectively ruled and managed * *, and consolidated * * *. * * * has been incorporated into the territory of China in the past dynasties, and it has been developed, utilized and managed by administrative means, exercised * * * and ruled effectively.

1 17 1 year (the seventh year of the Southern Song Dynasty), Wang Dayou, a general guarding Fujian, set up a military camp in Penghu and sent troops to various islands. Taiwan Province Province and its affiliated islands, including * * *, are under the military jurisdiction of Penghu and administratively managed by Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian. Both Ming and Qing dynasties brought * * * and its affiliated islands into the territory and placed them under the jurisdiction of coastal defense.

1562 (Ming dynasty) and 1863 (Qing dynasty) are clearly defined and marked. Historical facts show that China has effectively exercised and consolidated its power through various forms of management.

Japan wants to occupy 1786. The "Full Map of Ryukyu Kingdom" produced by Lin Shiping, a vassal of Sendai, Japan, has listed the * * islands and indicated that this is the waterway from China to Ryukyu. 98 years later, in 1884, Koga Shiro, a Japanese from Fukuoka, claimed to have "discovered" * * and its affiliated islands. Japanese Interior Minister Yamagata Aritomo sent a letter to Foreign Minister Noue Kaoru on this matter. Noue Kaoru replied on 1885: "This island is close to the territory of the Qing Dynasty, and it is much smaller than the Dadong Island Fiona Fang, which was surveyed before. The Qing Dynasty has named it.

Recently, the Qing newspapers and so on, it is widely rumored that I * * * want to occupy the islands near Taiwan Province Province belonging to the Qing Dynasty, and I am suspicious of our country, and our country has been warned by the Qing Dynasty many times. At this time, if the national standards are openly and suddenly implemented, it is easy to be suspected by the Qing state.

I think we can make a field survey for the time being, report the shape of the harbor and the prospect of developing land and products in detail, and leave the formulation and development of national standards for the future. In response to Noue Kaoru's suggestion, Yamagata Aritomo replied to Okinawa, refused to immediately formulate national standards in * * *, and stressed in the letter that "the media should not know".

Japanese invasion 1894, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894 broke out. At the end of the war, Japan declared * * * as "terra nullius" through the cabinet meeting of 1895+ 14, and established the national standard in * * *, which was formally incorporated into the territory of Japan. 17 In April, China and Japan signed the treaty of shimonoseki, which indicated that "the whole island of Taiwan Province Province and all its affiliated islands" would be ceded to Japan. The treaty also indicated that the two countries would demarcate their maritime boundaries respectively according to this clause and the map of Taiwan attached to the treaty.

In chronological order, the occupation of * * * and its affiliated islands was related to treaty of shimonoseki and the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. However, the Japanese believed that * * * was not ceded from treaty of shimonoseki, and since then, China and Japan have never formally drawn a detailed maritime boundary. After the transition from World War II to the end of World War II, the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation clarified the territorial scope of Japan.

According to the Cairo Declaration of China, the United States and Britain in February 1943, the purpose of the three countries is to deprive Japan of all the islands it has seized or occupied in the Pacific since the beginning of World War I 19 14, and to ensure that Japan will return the territory it stole from China to China. Other lands seized by Japan by force or greed will also be expelled from Japan.

The Potsdam Proclamation of 1945 once again confirmed that the above provisions of the Cairo Declaration will be implemented, and even limited Japan's * * * "to Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and other small islands decided by us." 1946 65438+1On October 29th, Instruction No.667 of the United Nations Supreme Command clearly defined the territorial scope of Japan, namely, "four major Japanese islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu) south of 30 degrees north latitude and about 1000 islands including Tama Island and Ryukyu Island.

The territory of Japan as defined in Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation is clear and does not include * * * at all. 195 1 On September 8th, 2008, Japan and the United States ruled out China and the Soviet Union, which won the war against Japan, and privately reached the San Francisco Peace Treaty, which entrusted the southwestern islands south of 29 north latitude (including Ryukyu Islands and Dadong Islands) to the United States.

1953, 1953 On February 25th, 1953, the Geography of Ryukyu Islands (Announcement No.27) issued by American Ryukyu Citizen * * defined the area under the jurisdiction of the United States * * * and Ryukyu * * * as including the islands in the area of 24 N and122 E.

197 1 17 In June, when Japan and the United States signed the Okinawa Return Agreement, these islands were also included in the "return area". Japan * * * claims the territory of * * * accordingly.

Fishing Protection Campaign 197 1 12.30, the statement of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs pointed out: "It is totally illegal for the United States and China to include China's islands such as * * * in the Okinawa Agreement, and it is impossible to change the territory of China people and countries into islands such as * * *. The United States also said: "Returning the administrative power of these islands originally obtained from Japan to Japan will not harm * * *' s claim.

The United States can neither increase the legal rights that Japan had before they handed over the administrative power of these islands to us, nor weaken the rights of other claimant countries by returning the administrative power to Japan. Any controversial claim to these islands is a problem that all parties concerned should solve each other. "

Until1September, 996 1 1, the blog post of the American * * * spokesman.

4. The history of * * * is 1 * * *, also known as Diaoyutai, Diaoyu Island and Fishing Mountain. China is the main island of the East China Sea Islands, which has been the inherent territory of China since ancient times. It is located at 25 44.6' north latitude and123 28.4' east longitude, about 358km away from Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 385km away from Fuzhou, Fujian and 90km away from Keelung, Taiwan Province.

2. Starting from 1372, the conferring envoys of China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties all took * * * as the only way to Ryukyu. As early as 1403, the book With the Wind about China's sea routes recorded the Diaoyu Islands. 17 19, Xu Baoguang, an envoy of the Qing Dynasty who went to Ryukyu, pointed out in the biography of Zhongshan that his sea route was: from Min 'an Town, he went out of Wumen, took Jilongtou, passed through Huabaoyu, Pengjiashan, Diaoyutai, Huangweiyu and chiwei yu, and took Gumishan and Maji Island to enter Naha Port of Ryukyu. 19711February, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China issued a statement saying: "* * *, Huangweiyu, chiwei yu, South Island and North Island are affiliated islands of Taiwan Province Province. Like Taiwan Province Province, they have been an inseparable part of China's territory since ancient times. "

5. The oral communication of * * * turned a blind eye to the fact that * * * has belonged to China since Japan's history, and claimed that * * * is an uninhabited island, which was first discovered by Kojiro Kuchen of Japan, thus claiming that * * * belongs to Japan.

A few days ago, the book "The Historical Truth of * * * *" written by Professor Han Jiegen of Fudan University was officially published, which expounded the fact that China once had * * * with a large number of real historical materials. The historical truth of * * * reveals a series of historical evidences that * * * was first discovered and named by China people, including the records of conferring envoys to Ryukyu Kingdom recorded in China's military policy documents, local chronicles and poems. * * * does not belong to an uninhabited island, nor does it belong to the Ryukyu Kingdom plundered by Japan.

* * * China discovered and named it.

Professor Han Jiegen, who worked in the Institute of Ancient Books Arrangement of Fudan University and Fudan University Press successively, found some documents about * * * * belonging to China when sorting out the Chinese documents of the ancient Ryukyu Kingdom. At the suggestion of a friend, Han Jiegen decided to explain the problem of * * * in the form of popular books. In the book Historical Truth, Han Jiegen cited 73 bibliographies, which spanned from the Jin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty or even later. These countries include China, Japan, Britain, France and Germany. In addition, there are 22 documents. These bibliographies and documents show that the historical * * * belongs to China.

Han Jiegen's behavior of citing historical facts to defend * * has also been supported and endorsed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

"We named * * * in China at 1392 at the latest, and found it earlier. The Japanese claimed that * * * was first discovered at 1884, which was a long time later than China. " Han Jiegen said.

The earliest record of * * * in China's historical materials can be found in the Story of the Mystery written by Guo Pu in the Jin Dynasty: "There are snake mounds in the East China Sea, where the land is dangerous and many snakes live. No one, no snakes, no heads, only snakes. " The "Snake Mountain" here refers to the South Island, which is an affiliated island of * * and is famous for its many snakes.

This "snake mountain", that is, the South Island, was recorded in Ou Yangxun's Records of Arts and Literature in the Tang Dynasty and Li Yun's Taiping Guangji in the Song Dynasty.

According to Han Jiegen's textual research, in the sixth year of Sui Dynasty (AD 6 10), Lieutenant General Wu Ben, commander-in-chief of Sui Jun, and Jang Jin, a North Korean doctor, made an extensive inspection of the coastal seamount islands on their way to Ryukyu, and officially named them "Gaohuayu". According to Sui Shu and Coastal Defence Map of Wan Li written by Zheng Ruozeng in Ming Dynasty, experts judged Gao Huayu as an ancient name of * * * *.

"According to the Chinese literature of Ryukyu Kingdom, China changed the name of * * and its affiliated islands to the current name, at the latest in the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1392)." Han Jiegen said. This year, in order to speed up the naturalization of Ryukyu, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, made this member country, which had just joined the tributary system of China for 20 years, "share the same culture and education" with China as soon as possible, and adopted the method of * * * immigration to move many famous families from Fujian to Ryukyu, which was historically called "Qin Cimin's thirty-six surname".

If you want to go from Fuzhou to Ryukyu Kingdom, you must have a compass to indicate the navigation channel, and take the stars, water, potential and mountain shape as reference objects, which is called the "needle track". In the Introduction Guide written by Cheng Shunze, a doctor of Ryukyu Zijin, there are ten sections in the acupuncture book handed down from 36 surnames in Fujian. Although these stitches are missing, the names of * * *, Huangweiyu and chiwei yu are still clearly visible.

"This shows that before 1392, the coastal people of China and Fujian have renamed * * * and its nearby islands as their current names and used them as navigation AIDS for maritime navigation." Han Jiegen said.

6. The history of * * * has been recorded in ancient times. China first discovered and developed * * *, and obtained * * * by preemptive means.

* * * and its adjacent waters have been places for China people to fish, collect herbs, take shelter from the wind and rest since ancient times. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the people of China discovered, used and named it.

China's ancient books, such as "Geng Xu Shu" and "Farewell with the Wind", completely recorded the routes of China fishermen in this sea area. In the five centuries before 1895, China had been successfully exercising these rights.

Ryukyu was originally a vassal state in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and paid tribute to them. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, envoys were sent to confer titles on the Ryukyu King. * * * is located in the only way to Ryukyu, and the envoys sent to Ryukyu kings are marked by these islands. Official documents such as "The Record of the Ambassador to Ryukyu" recorded in detail the sailing experience to Ryukyu via * * *, Huangweiyu and chiwei yu, and confirmed the boundary between China and Ryukyu many times. Historical facts show that * * * does not belong to Ryukyu.

* * * is a historical fact of China (2 pieces). China * * * effectively ruled and managed * *, and consolidated * * *. * * * has been incorporated into the territory of China in the past dynasties, and it has been developed, utilized and managed by administrative means, exercised * * * and ruled effectively.

1 17 1 year (the seventh year of the Southern Song Dynasty), Wang Dayou, a general guarding Fujian, set up a military camp in Penghu and sent troops to various islands. Taiwan Province Province and its affiliated islands, including * * *, are under the military jurisdiction of Penghu and administratively managed by Jinjiang, Quanzhou, Fujian. Both Ming and Qing dynasties brought * * * and its affiliated islands into the territory and placed them under the jurisdiction of coastal defense.

1562 (Ming dynasty) and 1863 (Qing dynasty) are clearly defined and marked. Historical facts show that China has effectively exercised and consolidated its power through various forms of management.

Japan wants to occupy 1786. The "Full Map of Ryukyu Kingdom" produced by Lin Shiping, a vassal of Sendai, Japan, has listed the * * islands and indicated that this is the waterway from China to Ryukyu. 98 years later, in 1884, Koga Shiro, a Japanese from Fukuoka, claimed to have "discovered" * * and its affiliated islands. Japanese Interior Minister Yamagata Aritomo sent a letter to Foreign Minister Noue Kaoru on this matter. Noue Kaoru replied on 1885: "This island is close to the territory of the Qing Dynasty, and it is much smaller than the Dadong Island Fiona Fang, which was surveyed before. The Qing Dynasty has named it.

Recently, the Qing newspapers and so on, it is widely rumored that I * * * want to occupy the islands near Taiwan Province Province belonging to the Qing Dynasty, and I am suspicious of our country, and our country has been warned by the Qing Dynasty many times. At this time, if the national standards are openly and suddenly implemented, it is easy to be suspected by the Qing state.

I think we can make a field survey for the time being, report the shape of the harbor and the prospect of developing land and products in detail, and leave the formulation and development of national standards for the future. In response to Noue Kaoru's suggestion, Yamagata Aritomo replied to Okinawa, refused to immediately formulate national standards in * * *, and stressed in the letter that "the media should not know".

Japanese invasion 1894, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894 broke out. At the end of the war, Japan declared * * * as "terra nullius" through the cabinet meeting of 1895+ 14, and established the national standard in * * *, which was formally incorporated into the territory of Japan. 17 In April, China and Japan signed the treaty of shimonoseki, which indicated that "the whole island of Taiwan Province Province and all its affiliated islands" would be ceded to Japan. The treaty also indicated that the two countries would demarcate their maritime boundaries respectively according to this clause and the map of Taiwan attached to the treaty.

In chronological order, the occupation of * * * and its affiliated islands was related to treaty of shimonoseki and the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. However, the Japanese believed that * * * was not ceded from treaty of shimonoseki, and since then, China and Japan have never formally drawn a detailed maritime boundary. After the transition from World War II to the end of World War II, the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation clarified the territorial scope of Japan.

According to the Cairo Declaration of China, the United States and Britain in February 1943, the purpose of the three countries is to deprive Japan of all the islands it has seized or occupied in the Pacific since the beginning of World War I 19 14, and to ensure that Japan will return the territory it stole from China to China. Other lands seized by Japan by force or greed will also be expelled from Japan.

The Potsdam Proclamation of 1945 once again confirmed that the above provisions of the Cairo Declaration will be implemented, and even limited Japan's * * * "to Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and other small islands decided by us." 1946 65438+1On October 29th, Instruction No.667 of the United Nations Supreme Command clearly defined the territorial scope of Japan, namely, "four major Japanese islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu) south of 30 degrees north latitude and about 1000 islands including Tama Island and Ryukyu Island.

The territory of Japan as defined in Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation is clear and does not include * * * at all. 195 1 On September 8th, 2008, Japan and the United States ruled out China and the Soviet Union, which won the war against Japan, and privately reached the San Francisco Peace Treaty, which entrusted the southwestern islands south of 29 north latitude (including Ryukyu Islands and Dadong Islands) to the United States.

1953, 1953 On February 25th, 1953, the Geography of Ryukyu Islands (Announcement No.27) issued by American Ryukyu Citizen * * defined the area under the jurisdiction of the United States * * * and Ryukyu * * * as including the islands in the area of 24 N and122 E.

197 1 17 In June, when Japan and the United States signed the Okinawa Return Agreement, these islands were also included in the "return area". Japan * * * claims the territory of * * * accordingly.