(25 points) Read the materials and complete the following requirements. Material 1: After the Qing Dynasty established Beijing as its capital, a large number of people of various ethnic groups who or

(25 points) Read the materials and complete the following requirements. Material 1: After the Qing Dynasty established Beijing as its capital, a large number of people of various ethnic groups who originally lived in Baishan Mojian moved inward.

(1) The Qing government went from prohibiting and opening to encouraging; from spontaneous immigration to government-led; immigration policy was affected by foreign aggression; immigrants mainly came from neighboring provinces; immigration was prohibited and More than that, the scale gradually expanded; from illegal immigration to legal settlement and production.

(2) Ease the population pressure in the pass; increase government revenue; strengthen the management of the Northeast; promote ethnic integration, cultural exchanges and the spread of advanced technology; help resist the invasion of foreign powers; promote the development of the Northeast.

Test question analysis: (1) For the first question, material one mainly reflects free immigration during the Qing Dynasty. Material two reflects two characteristics of the immigration policy. One It is the government-led immigration, and the second is the impact of the invaders' aggression on immigrants after the Opium War. This is the reason for immigration to analyze its characteristics. Analyzing the sources of immigrants, they are mainly immigrants from neighboring provinces. According to the material, "The Qing government immediately opened up the Hulan River Plain north of Harbin and the northwest Jilin Plain. The new immigrants intermarried with the local Manchus, Mongols and other ethnic groups, built temples, performed dramas, established associations, schools, and cloth shops. Only ten In the remaining years,... In 1904, the Qing government fully opened up the wastelands on all sides of Northeast China, indicating the expansion of immigration and the legalization of immigration recognized by the government.

(2) The second question is that the role of immigrants also has rules to follow. When answering, you can first analyze and summarize based on the role of the three major immigrants in ancient Chinese history, and secondly analyze and summarize based on the content of the materials. In the material, "In just over ten years, the Hulan area has become "three cities facing each other, rich in grain, merchants clustered there, and more than 100,000 displaced households." This shows that immigration has promoted the development of the Northeast region. Land development in the north is also conducive to the increase in government agricultural taxes.