Who were "carried around by servants with pepper on their faces" in the Ming Dynasty?

Yang Shen, the great philosopher and national hero

Yang Shengan is a famous scholar, poet and writer. He has profound attainments in philosophy, history, astronomy, geography, medicine, biology, epigraphy, calligraphy and painting, music, drama, religion, language, folk customs and nationality. He read widely all his life and wrote more than 400 books. "Biography of Yang Shen in Ming Dynasty" said: "The Ming Dynasty was full of books.

However, Mr. Yang Sheng 'an's greatest contribution to the Chinese nation in his life and his great achievements in opening up southern Xinjiang and integrating the people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan border areas and southern Xinjiang into the Chinese family are most admired by future generations. It can be said that Yang Sheng Anhe and Qi Jiguang, the famous anti-Japanese, were both the most outstanding national heroes of the Ming Dynasty.

"In ancient Yunnan, since the barbarians in Yunnan became more and more powerful, they were appointed as prefects, and martial arts were awarded seals instead of following the example of mainland officials. If they are enlightened, they are all officials with local surnames, and they have long passed. The Yuan Dynasty sealed Liang Wang in Yunnan and divided it with Dali. " ("clear draft. In the early Ming Dynasty, Liang Wang was defeated. The same was true at that time, and the culture of the Central Plains had been competing for a long time. Among these areas ruled or once ruled by the Ming Dynasty, only Yunnan completed its integration with the Central Plains culture in the Ming Dynasty and became an inseparable part of the Chinese nation, which depends on two important factors, one is the immigration of health centers, and the other is security.

After the invasion of Yunnan in the 14th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (138 1), the garrison system was established, and three or four million Han Chinese were successively immigrated to Yunnan, which changed the ethnic structure of Yunnan population. In addition, Yang Sheng 'an, as a literary master and academic leader in Zheng De and Jiajing Dynasties, never stopped from the age of 37 to 72, and set up a library to give lectures in Yunnan for 35 years. A large number of sensational academic works came out, which moved the literary center of China to the south. Coupled with his encyclopedic knowledge structure and strong personality appeal of not fearing power and upholding justice, people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan have formed a huge trend of learning Central Plains culture after Yang Sheng 'an.

According to statistics, in addition to books destroyed by war in the early Ming Dynasty, before Yang Sheng 'an invaded Yunnan, 20 people in Yunnan alone wrote more than 40 kinds of works. From Ann's trip to Yunnan to the end of Ming Dynasty, more than 50 people in Yunnan/kloc-0 wrote more than 260 kinds of works, among which 100 kinds were written at the same time or later than Sheng 'an, and the first minority school-"Yangmen Qizi" and "Zi Cong Long" was cultivated in Yunnan. , Guan Zhi nian), Han (word,No. Yushan, Juren), Kaiyuan Wang Tingbiao (word Wangsheng,No. Chun 'an, Jinshi), Kunming Hu (word Zaixuan,No. Academy, Zheng De Jinshi, once deputy envoy of the inspection department), Jinning Tang Kun (word recommendation, word recommendation) were only in the fourth year of Yongzheng in the early Qing Dynasty (/kloc-0)