Quzhou surname

Investigation on surnames in Quzhou

? Source: Zhihu.

There are 734 surnames (including 8 compound surnames) in Quzhou City, all of which are immigrants from other places. 4/kloc-surnames of more than 0/10,000 people; /kloc-9 1 surname with more than 0/000 people; Less than 100 people's surnames are 108. The largest number is Xu, Zheng, Wang and Zhou, and the least is Shen, Hong, Zhu and Xin.

Investigating the origin of surnames in Quzhou, combined with several large-scale migration activities in the history of China, the migration of surnames in Quzhou can be roughly divided into three periods.

From the Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty, the surnames who moved to Quzhou during this period were Xu, Shu, Qi, Zheng, Shen, Mao and Zhu. The characteristics of the above surnames are not only a large number of people, but also spread from Quzhou to surrounding areas for a long time. Take Xu as an example. Now Quzhou has the largest population, and almost all cities and counties in the province have descendants of the Xu family in Lingshan. Another example is Shen's surname. Although there are not thousands of people in Quzhou today, its ancestors have spread all over the Korean peninsula. There, the descendants of Shen in Quzhou have grown to 60,000. Another example is Mao, from Keshan to Qingyang, Jishui, and finally to Shaoshan. Although it has been more than 1000 years, it comes down in one continuous line.

From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, it was the second historical period of surname migration in Quzhou. During this period, there were frequent wars in the north, and Quzhou, located in the corner of the south of the Yangtze River and the west of Zhejiang Province, was relatively stable. Therefore, Quzhou has become a refuge for northern ethnic groups to avoid chaos. Immigrants in this period were mostly aristocratic families with high cultural literacy. Their naturalization changed the political structure of the upper class in Quzhou at that time and added vitality to the economic and cultural prosperity of Quzhou at that time. For example, in the Southern Dynasties, Jiang Shiyuan was stationed in Xin 'an (Quxian) as a military guard and became the ancestor of the surname Jiang in Quzhou. The Chiang family was also very prosperous in the imperial examination in the Song Dynasty, ranking first among all surnames in the country. Zhou Yang in the Tang Dynasty and Wu You in the Five Dynasties, their descendants are full of talents, and now they are also famous.

With the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, Emperor Zhaodi of the Southern Song Dynasty established Lin 'an as its capital, and Quzhou became its capital. Celebrities in the Central Plains, such as crucian carp crossing the river, live in Quzhou. Kong Duanyou, the 48th grandson of Confucius and Duke of Feast, went to Nandu to build a temple in Quzhou. Its significance is not only the southward migration of a family, but also the enlightenment of traditional Confucianism taking root in Quzhou. During this period, Fu's descendants Hui, Zhi and Song Fan Zhongyan successively moved to Quzhou. Confucian scholars include Wei Shigong, Chen, Shao Zhirou and Wen. Zhang Xin, the ambassador of Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chai, a descendant of the imperial clan of Song Dynasty, Zhou and Zhou Gong, all live in Quzhou, as if all the stars in the sky were on the moon.

The Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were the third period of surname migration in Quzhou, and it was also the period of the biggest change of surname in Quzhou history. The residence of Huizhou merchants in Yuan Dynasty not only prospered the commercial trade in Quzhou, but also gave birth to the embryonic form of "Longyou business gang" in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Dynasties change, wars are frequent, the original surname disappears and the new surname moves in. Social unrest led to drastic changes in surnames, the most typical of which were the "San Francisco Rebellion" in the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War in the Xianfeng period. Quzhou's population has dropped sharply and the land is barren. So a large number of civilians from Fujian and Jiangxi provinces moved in. Nowadays, along the Xianxialing Mountains to Longnan Mountains, there are many descendants of the so-called "shed people" who migrated during this period. She nationality also moved here during this period. Most of them are engaged in farming, and some of them are engaged in pottery or paper trough industry.

After the founding of New China, surnames migrated continuously. In the early days of liberation, a large number of southern cadres were naturalized in Quzhou. During the period of socialist construction, many foreign scientific and technological cadres came to Quzhou to participate in the construction. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, due to the construction of Xin 'anjiang Reservoir, a large number of immigrants moved to Quzhou. For more than half a century, they have contributed to the construction of two civilizations in Quzhou, and also enriched the connotation of Quzhou surnames.

Quzhou surname is also the epitome of the great unity and integration of the Chinese nation. In the few surnames, we can also see traces of brotherly nations. In addition to the well-known three surnames of Lei, Lan and Zhong, the She nationality also has surnames of Bu, Qiao and Lan left by the Huns in the Han Dynasty, while the surnames of Yuan, Mu, Ji, Wei and Wei are the surnames of the Xianbei tribe in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Hui and Han people have surnames such as Li, Ma, Cheng, Bai and Shi, while Zhuang people have surnames such as Wei and Qin. Manchu surnames include Luo (formerly Aisingiorro), Guan (formerly Guan Er Jia) and Nala. Historically, the original surname of the Jurchen nationality was Akuta Wan Yan. Today, the surname of the Jurchen nationality in Quzhou is the descendant of that year. There are 726 single surnames and 8 compound surnames (Zhuge, Ouyang, Shen Tu, Dongfang, Situ, Nala, Huangfu and Puyang).