The Historical Evolution of Yan 'an

Archaeological findings show that the late Homo sapiens "Huanglongren" lived in Yan 'an about 30,000 years ago.

About 13 century ago, Yan 'an belonged to an independent country.

Wu Ding, the emperor of Shang Dynasty, launched a large-scale war against the devil.

The Book of Changes Ji Ji says: "Emperor Gaozong cut the devil's prescription and it took three years to conquer it." This is the earliest written record of written test in Yan 'an so far.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan 'an was the place where Bai Di tribe lived, which was a nomadic and hunting minority tribe.

Zhong Er, the son of Jin Dynasty, was demoted to Bai Di 12 years, that is, he lived in Yan 'an area.

During the Warring States Period, Yan 'an was a subordinate of Wei.

"Historical Records Qin Benji" contains: "Wei built the Great Wall, starting from Zheng in the north, there is".

In the seventh year of Qin Huiwen (the first three hundred years), Qin Shuai Gongsun Yan defeated Wei Jun in Diaoyin (now Sigou River in Ganquan County, Shaanxi Province), beheaded more than 80,000 people and captured Jiang Weilong Jia alive; In the eighth year of Qin Huiwen, Weinahe gave it to Qin; 15, Weinan (now Yichuan and Yan 'an in northern Shaanxi) county was given to Qin.

Yan 'an belongs to Qin.

Qin and Han dynasties

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yan 'an belonged to Shang Jun (Zhipi County, now Yulin South).

During the Qin Dynasty, Qin established a high-female county in Yan 'an, and the county ruled in Yinjiagou, east of Yan 'an today.

This was the beginning of Yan 'an's city construction, and its walls still exist today.

After the Qin Dynasty unified the six countries, General Meng Tian led 300,000 troops to attack the Xiongnu in the north, and then supervised the construction of the Great Wall and the way of the Qin Dynasty.

During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, a large number of immigrants were stationed in the garrison, which made the agricultural economy in northern Shaanxi and other places develop unprecedentedly and was known as the "New Qin Dynasty" (meaning as rich as Guanzhong).

"Shu Fu San Jun Shu" in the Han Dynasty describes that "the grass and grass are abundant and suitable for grazing, with cattle and horses at the tail and sheep blocking the road".

Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yan 'an was occupied by Hu Qiang.

In the third year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (407), Helian Bobo, the iron-rich department of Xiongnu, established Daxia Kingdom.

Lin Fengcheng (now Zhoujiawan Village, Lijiaqu Town, Baota District) was built in the east of Yan 'an.

In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo toured the city, saying that it was as dense as a stone, and the city was not very thick, but the horse's face was extremely long and dense, which was conducive to the use of troops to defend, and praised "the city of Helian Bobo, which is deeply solvable".

In the Western Wei Dynasty, Eastern Xia Prefecture was established, from which Cheng Jun, Shuofang, Ding Yang and the Monk Army came into being. Located in North China, it leads Central County and Fucheng County.

The names of Yanzhou and Yan 'an first appeared in Sui Shu.

"Geography" said: "Yan 'an County, after Wei Dynasty, was located in Eastern Xia, and the Western Wei Dynasty changed to Yanzhou, which was located in the General Political Department.

During the Emperor's reign, the government abolished eleven counties with 53,939 households.

Great cause for three years, in Yan 'an County.

After Wei, it was called Guangwu, which spread all over cities and counties. At the beginning of the Emperor, the county was abandoned, and LAM Raymond was changed in eighteen years.

At the beginning of the great cause, he entered Woye County.

After Wei Ping placed Wei, Shuofang County was established, which was abandoned in the later Zhou Dynasty and entered Shuofang County and Hezheng County.

There were officials in the Jin and Ming Dynasties, and the clear water told the truth. Shenmu County and Zhenchuan County in the Western Wei Dynasty were abandoned in the later Zhou Dynasty, and the great cause really entered Sichuan at the beginning.

Yanchuan in the Western Wei Dynasty was called Wen 'an, Wen 'an County. The first emperor abandoned the county and changed it to Yanchuan.

The Western Wei Dynasty in Yan 'an established Yi townships and counties. In the great cause, Yixiang was abandoned.

Because the city was set up by Wei, the later Zhou Dynasty was abolished and Yichuan was found again.

Fenzhou and Yichuan counties were established in the Western Wei Dynasty, and then Danzhou was changed to Danzhou. The county was changed to Danyang in the later Zhou Dynasty.

The first emperor abandoned the county, changed it to Yichuan, and abandoned Lechuan County; At the beginning of the great cause, Feizhou and Yunyan were brought into China.

Fenchuan used to be called Anping, and the next week it was changed to Fenchuan.

At the beginning of the great cause, Feimenshan County entered the country.

Xianning used to be called Yongning, the Western Wei Dynasty changed to Taiping, and the emperor changed to Xianning in the middle of his reign. "According to another record, in the second year of the Great Cause, Fucheng County was established in the south of Yan 'an, and later changed to Shang Jun County, unifying five counties (Luojiao, Neibu, Sanchuan, Fucheng and Luochuan).

Tang and song dynasties

In the first year of Tang Wude (6 18), Yan 'an County was changed to Yanzhou Presidential System, which was in charge of the three counties of Pumice, LAM Raymond and Yanchuan, and managed Nanping, Beiwu and Eastern Xia. Change the county to Fuzhou, and take charge of the six counties of Luojiao, Luochuan, Sanchuan, Fulu, Neibu and Fucheng.

Song Dynasty belongs to Yongxing Army Road, including Yanzhou, Fuzhou, Danzhou and Zhoufang.

During this period, there were frequent wars between the Song Dynasty and Xixia, and famous officials of the Song Dynasty, such as Pang Ji, Fan Yong, Han Qi and Fan Zhongyan, all defended the enemy here.

In the fourth year of Song and Yuan Dynasties (1089), Yanzhou was promoted to Yanan Prefecture.

Jinxia

Jin An was stationed in Zhangwu, in charge of the military department of the government.

Jin and Xia set up a market in the security forces (now Zhidan).

Yuan Ming Qing dynasty

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, a great uprising broke out among farmers in northern Shaanxi, and farmers' leaders such as Li Zicheng and Zhang crisscrossed Yan 'an.

Yan 'an Prefecture was still established in the Qing Dynasty, and led three states (Fuzhou, Suide and Jiazhou) and 16 counties (Pumice, Ansai, Ganquan, Anding, Baoan, Yichuan, Yanchang, Qingjian, Luochuan, Zhongbu, Yijun, Mizhi, Wubao, Shenmu and Fugu) during the Shunzhi period.

During the Yongzheng period, three states belonged to Zhili, and the government led eight counties (Pumice, Ansai, Ganquan, Anding, Baoan, Yichuan, Yanchuan and Yanchang).

During the Qianlong period, Dingbian and Jingbian counties were added.

During the Tongzhi period, the Shaanxi-Gansu * * Rebel Army and the Xi Nian Army fought against the Qing Dynasty in Yan 'an, and left the Xiang Army to enter the customs to suppress it.

Yuan Dakui, the last armed force of the Nian Army, was suppressed in Yongning Mountain, and the Nian Army movement finally failed in China.

At the end of Qing Dynasty, Yanchang Oil Plant was established in Qing Dynasty, and the first oil well in Chinese mainland was drilled in Yanchang County.

Republic of China period

In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Yan 'an belonged to Yulin Road.

17 years (1928), the roads were removed, and the counties were directly under the jurisdiction of the province.

Twenty-four years of the Republic of China (1935) in September, Yan' an North and South counties belong to the third and second administrative supervision areas of Shaanxi Province.

1944, the Office of the Third Administrative Inspector of Shaanxi Province was stationed in Luochuan, initially led by Luochuan, Ganquan, Yichuan, Fuxian, Zhongbu and Yijun, and later led by Luochuan, Huangling (renamed by Zhongbu County in 1944) and Huanglong Administrative Office.

1948 from March to April, the people liberated the counties under the jurisdiction of the third administrative supervision area.

/kloc-at the beginning of 0/926, Li Xiangjiu and Xie Zichang established the first and second secret service detachments of Yichuan Army; At the turn of spring and summer, Shaanxi No.4 Middle School (Yan 'an) established a special branch school in Yan 'an.

It is the earliest local organization in Yan 'an.

In 1930s, Liu Zhidan, Xie Zichang and others launched an armed struggle in Yan 'an, and founded two revolutionary bases, namely, Shaanxi-Gansu border and northern Shaanxi.

1935165438+10 month, which is called Shaanxi, Gansu and northern Shaanxi.

1935 10 In June, the Central Red Army reached Wuqi on the Long March.

1September 1937, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region was established, 10/October, Yan' an city was established, and Zhili was in the border region.

Wuqi County was founded in 1942 and belongs to the Trilateral Division.

In June of the same year, 5438+065438+ 10, the expansion department was established, and in June, 5438+ 10, the administrative inspector office was established, which governs Yan 'an city and Yan 'an, Fuxian, Ganquan, Zhidan, Ansai, Zichang, Yanchuan, Yanchang and Gu Lin/kloc-0.

1948 65438+ 10, Huanglong district was established in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region, which governs Luochuan, Huangling, Yijun, Yichuan and Huanglong counties 10. In February of the following year, Jiafu County.

1May, 949, it was divided into counties and the northern Shaanxi administrative region was established. Weibei Administrative Office is located in Yan 'an, which has jurisdiction over four streets of Yulin, Sanbian, Suide and Huanglong and seven counties directly under Yan 'an, Yanchuan, Zichang, Ansai, Zhidan and Ganquan.

After the founding of new China

1In May, 950, the northern Shaanxi administrative office was abolished and the Yan 'an District Administrative Inspector's Office of Shaanxi Province was established, which governed Yan 'an, Yanchang, Ansai, Zhidan, Wuqi, Ganquan, Fuxian, Luochuan, Yichuan, Huangling, Yijun and Huanglong 12 counties.

In the same year, in June 5438+10, it was renamed the People's Yan 'an Commissioner's Office of Shaanxi Province.

1955 changed its name to Yan' an Commissioner's Office of Shaanxi Province in May.

1956 10, Yanchuan and Zichang were placed in Yan 'an area.

1964, fufu county was renamed fuxian county.

1August, 968 18, Yan 'an District Revolutionary Committee was established.

In September of the following year, Yan 'an area was renamed Yan 'an area.

1970 Yan' an county is divided into Yan' an city (county level), 1972 Yan' an city was renamed Yan' an city.

The whole region governs 1 city and 14 counties.

1In August, 975, Yan 'an County was merged into Yan 'an City.

1978 Revocation of Yan 'an Revolutionary Committee and establishment of Yan 'an Administrative Office.

1September 9, 983 the State Council letterNo. 187 reply: yijun county was assigned to Tongchuan city.

1 996165438+1official reply of the State Council No.84 on October 5th:1. Cancel Yan' an area and county-level Yan' an city, set up prefecture-level Yan' an city, and the people of the city are stationed in the newly established pagoda area.

2. Set up Baota District in Yan 'an City, and take the administrative area of Yan 'an City at the county level as the administrative area of Baota District.

3. Yan 'an City governs Ansai County, huangling county County, Yanchang County, Zhidan County, Luochuan County, Yanchuan County, Ganquan County, Huanglong County, Zichang County, Fuxian County, Yichuan County, Wuqi County and the newly established Baota District 12 counties.

June 5438+1October 65438+July 2005 Reply of the Ministry of Civil Affairs No.278;

/10 2005 June 2005 18 Shaanxi provincial people's letter no 128: Wuqi county in Yan' an city was renamed Wuqi county.