General situation of tour guide words in Ningxia

The following is YJBYS's introduction to Ningxia. Welcome to read!

Ladies and gentlemen,

Welcome to visit Ningxia. First of all, please allow me to give you an overview of Ningxia.

Ningxia is located in the inland area of northwest China, in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, with a total land area of 66,400 square kilometers. Now it has jurisdiction over two prefecture-level cities, namely Yinchuan and Shizuishan, three county-level cities, namely Yin Nan and Guyuan, six jurisdictions, namely Wuzhong, Qingtongxia and Lingwu, and 15 counties. The population of the whole region is 5.36 million.

Ningxia is the only Hui autonomous region in China, and the Hui population accounts for about 1/3 of the total population in the region. Hui people believe in Islam, and there are more than 3,000 mosques in the whole autonomous region, so Ningxia is also called the "hometown of Muslims" in China.

(History and Culture)

Ningxia is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization. The excavation of "Shuidonggou Site" in lingwu city along the Yellow River shows that human beings lived here in the Paleolithic age 30,000 years ago. The Qin Dynasty belonged to Beidi County, where Qin Jun was stationed to defend the border and fight against Xiongnu. The Han Dynasty is divided into two parts: Shuofang and Xiliang secretariat. In the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Guannei Road, and the agriculture and animal husbandry economy developed greatly. 165438+At the beginning of the 20th century, the Tangut established the Xixia regime with Ningxia as the center and created a splendid Xixia culture. After the Yuan Dynasty destroyed Xixia, Ningxia was established as a province, meaning "pacify Xixia and enjoy peace forever", so it began to have the name of Ningxia. The Ming Dynasty changed to Ningxia Wei, and the Qing Dynasty belonged to Gansu Province. 1928 Jianning summer province. 1654, the provincial organizational system was abolished and divided into Inner Mongolia and Gansu provinces. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was founded on 1958.

Ningxia is located in the transitional zone between Central Plains culture and grassland culture, and it is also the blending zone of Hetao culture and Silk Road. The ancient and far-reaching Yellow River culture, distinctive Islamic culture, unique Xixia culture, distinctive immigrant culture and rich frontier cultural tools are all in this magical land, thus leaving many precious relics and endless mysteries for future generations.

(topography and climate)

Tourists, the terrain of Ningxia is high in the south and low in the north. Mountains and plateaus account for about 3/4 of the whole region, and the rest are plain areas, of which desert accounts for 8% of Ningxia. From the perspective of topographic distribution, from north to south are Helan Mountain, Ningxia Plain, Ordos Grassland, Loess Plateau and Liupanshan Mountain. , the average altitude 1000 meters above. Helan Mountain in the north stretches for 250 kilometers, becoming a natural barrier of Ningxia Plain, while Liupanshan Mountain in the south is lush. The ancient Yellow River flows northward through the north-central part of Ningxia, with a total length of 397 kilometers in Ningxia and flows through 12 counties and cities. The Ningxia section of the Yellow River has a wide water surface and is irrigated and cultivated. Their hard work has made Ningxia a "plug in the south of the Yangtze River" with criss-crossing ditches, fragrant rice and fish, fragrant melons and fruits and beautiful scenery. This can be confirmed by the poem of the Tang Dynasty poet, "Orchard under Helan Mountain, Old Famous in the South of the Saibei River".

The topography of high in the south and low in the north determines the climate of Ningxia, with cold in the south and warm in the north. In addition, Ningxia is located at a high latitude, with a large temperature difference between day and night. During the day, the direct sunlight temperature is high, and the temperature of the residual heat of blast at night is obviously reduced. In summer, the temperature difference between day and night is about 15 degrees. The rainy season is concentrated in summer, but the precipitation is not great. The sky in Ningxia is clear. "Blue sky and white clouds floating, white clouds dismounting and running" is a true portrayal of the weather and customs in Ningxia.

(tourist landscape)

Various types of natural landscapes and eclectic multicultural features have brought rich tourism resources to Ningxia. As "the last virgin land of China tourism", Ningxia has been favored by tourists at home and abroad in recent years. When you travel to Ningxia, you can appreciate its "six characteristics" from different angles-ancient Yellow River culture, majestic desert scenery, mysterious Xixia dynasty, rich hometown customs, charming six sets of scenery and beautiful Jiangnan border. There are the Xixia Mausoleum, known as the "Oriental Pyramid", the largest Lamaism complex "108 Pagoda" in China, the primitive plastic arts of human beings, Shapotou, the pearl of the sand sea, and Husha Lake, which has been rated as one of the 35 ace tourist attractions in China by the National Tourism Administration. At present, special tourism projects have been developed, such as riding a sheepskin raft on the Yellow River, riding a camel across the Tengger Desert, antique Xixia, Hui customs, bird watching on the lake, walking along the Great Wall, and eco-agricultural sightseeing. The trip to Ningxia has many points, a wide area and a long line, and songs, poems and paintings give people unique enjoyment.

(Hui Customs)

Tourists, when they come to Ningxia, especially want to accept the customs of Hui nationality, because Ningxia is the region with the largest population of Hui nationality in China (the population of Hui nationality is second only to Zhuang nationality among 55 ethnic minorities in China). Let's talk about Hui people's beliefs, programs, customs, emergencies and costumes.

Hui people believe in Islam, so they have a close relationship with Islam. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chinese Islamic scholars introduced Islamic teachings in terms of purity, uniqueness of truth, truest love and uniqueness of God. Ancient Islam is also called "pure religion". The worship temples in Islam are called "mosques", the food made by Muslims is called "halal food", and restaurants and food stores run by Muslims are used to using the word "true feelings" as a symbol. There are more than 3,000 mosques in Ningxia, covering mountains, rivers and cities. Hui Muslims should observe five lessons, which are the five pillars of Islam: chanting (prayer), ritual (worship), fasting (fasting), lesson (giving) and pilgrimage (pilgrimage).

Islamic Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Holy Day are also the three major festivals of Hui Muslims. Eid al-Fitr, as its name implies, is the first day after the expiration of Ramadan. Eid al-Adha is 70 days after Eid al-Adha. In Arabic, "Eid al-Adha" means killing animals, so it is also called Eid al-Adha. The holy day on March 12 every year is to commemorate the birth of the founder of Islam.

Hui nationality is also deeply influenced by Islam in birth naming, marriage and funeral. After the birth of a Hui child, it should be named by the imam, which is called "Jing Ming". After completing the legal procedures for the wedding of the Hui youth, the imam presided over the ceremony to witness the wedding. Three days later, the bride and groom return to their parents' home, which is called "going home". The funeral of the Hui nationality is an earth burial, which advocates plain burial without coffins. After washing, the body was wrapped in white cloth and buried in a hole. Relatives celebrate once every seven days and then once a year. Hui people have good hygiene habits. They should take a bath before the service. "Xiaojing" washes his hair, hands and feet with soup bottles, and "Dajing" washes his whole body with hanging cans. Hui people's courtyards are neat and orderly. The bucket that carries water is hung upside down on the slate, and the bucket that draws water from the well is hung on the wall and cannot fall to the ground. Hello everyone! Today, I want to introduce Husha Lake to you.

Husha Lake is located in the north of Ningxia, more than 0/00 kilometers away from Yinchuan, the capital. It turns out that this is a farm lake, which has become one of the national 4A scenic spots and 35 ace scenic spots because of its beautiful scenery.

Speaking of sand lakes, the most attractive things are reeds, birds and sand. In spring, reeds don't turn completely green, but migratory birds fly from the south to get together, so the best choice to go to Hu Sha in spring is to see migratory birds.

In summer and autumn, we can go boating, skiing, camel riding and karting in Husha Lake. If you step on the sand barefoot, you will feel burning under your feet. At this time, if you go to see the reed, it will look all kinds. Green reeds make people feel extremely cool. The most exciting thing about the sparkling lake is fish and birds. Speaking of fish, everyone will think of the big catfish in Husha Lake, because there is no feed when feeding, so the fish is very fragrant. There are many kinds of birds in Husha Lake, and you can see them dancing and playing every time you come.

In winter, the lake is covered with ice, and the sand mountain is covered with snow. At this time, you can stretch your muscles and go skiing or skating, which is fun and exciting. By the way, you can also play ice gyro here!