Introduction to the principle of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

1. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project uses the principle of inverted siphon. The so-called inverted siphon is actually a communication device. The running water is below the obstacle and flows through the closed pipeline below by using the height difference. Because it looks like an inverted siphon, it is called "inverted siphon".

2. Inverted siphons are often used in hydraulic engineering, ranging from a small one passing under a highway to a large one crossing the Yellow River, such as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.

3. "South-to-North Water Diversion Project" (pinyin: nán shuǐ běi diào), namely "South-to-North Water Diversion Project", is a strategic project of the Chinese people, which is divided into three routes: east, middle and west. The starting point of the east route project is located at Jiangdu Water Control Project in Yangzhou, Jiangsu. The starting point of the mid-line project is located in Danjiangkou Reservoir in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River, and the water supply areas are Henan, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin. The conception of engineering scheme was put forward in 1952 when Chairman president visited the Yellow River. Since then, after analyzing and comparing more than 5 schemes, the water transfer scheme has achieved a lot of valuable results. The planning area of South-to-North Water Transfer Project involves 438 million people, and the water transfer scale is 44.8 billion cubic meters. The total length of the east, middle and west trunk lines planned by the project is 435 kilometers. The total length of the first phase of the East and Middle Lines is 2,899 kilometers, and the first-class supporting branch canals in six provinces and cities along the line are about 2,7 kilometers.

4. In September 212, the relocation of migrants in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project was fully completed. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project mainly solves the problem of water shortage in northern China, especially in the Huang-Huai-Hai River Basin, with a population of 438 million. * * * There are three water transfer lines, namely, the east line, the middle line and the west line, which are connected with the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Huaihe River and the Haihe River to form an overall layout with "four horizontals and three verticals" as the main body, so as to help realize the rational allocation pattern of water resources in China.