The Life of the Characters in isaac asimov's Works

1920 65438+ 10 On February 2nd, isaac asimov was born in petrovich, a small village about 250 miles southwest of Moscow, Russia. His parents were Russian Jews. When he was almost 2 years old, he got his first serious illness and almost died of pneumonia. According to Asimov's family records, Isaac was the only child who survived the local pneumonia epidemic.

1922 In June, Joseph Berman, the brother of Asimov's mother Anna, who settled in the United States, wrote to express his willingness to help Asimov's family immigrate to the United States. 192365438+1October1,Asimov's family left Russia,1arrived in new york in February, 923, and settled in Brooklyn, where the family opened a candy store.

Asimov was very clever since he was a child. He took many IQ tests when he was young. The average person's IQ is generally 80, and his total score is around 160, which belongs to the category of "extremely talented". When he was a student, all the teachers knew that he was a super prodigy, and he skipped advanced placement many times, but he always came first in the exam. But at the same time, he is also a noisy student who gives teachers a headache. 193 1 year, Asimov 1 1 year began to write. 1935 When he graduated from high school, Asimov was only 15 years old and then studied at Columbia University.

In the mid-1930s, Asimov became a sci-fi fan. From 1935, he wrote a lot of letters to Surprise Story magazine, which were usually published. 1938, he joined a science fiction society. 1June, 938, Asimov wrote a story called Cosmic Bottle Opener and submitted it to Amazing Story, but it was rejected. After receiving the rejection for nine times in a row, Asimov finally published the first sci-fi story "Expelling Vesta" in 1939. In May of the same year, Amazing Story published another story of Asimov, Lethal Weapon. 1In July, 939, Campbell's amazing story first published his work Trends. From then on, Asimov can pay his own tuition. 1September, 939, reached academic standards and entered the graduate school. 1940, and officially became a Columbia graduate student with excellent results. In the same year, Asimov published his first short story "I, Robot, Little Machine", which was published in1Super Science Fiction in September, 940.

By the spring of 194 1, Asimov had published 15 stories. 194 1 April, Asimov published Sunset, which tells the story of a sudden solar eclipse on a planet that was illuminated by six suns and never encountered a sunset. This novel was later regarded as a classic, and many people thought it was the best novel written by Asimov. On August 1 day of the same year, Asimov went to see john campbell, editor-in-chief of Surprise Story. He had a brand-new sci-fi idea: to write a historical novel in the future, describing the beginning and end of the decline of the galactic empire. Campbell thought Asimov should write a series of stories, and together with him invented the fictional science "psychohistory", which is the future "base series".

1February 2, 942, Asimov successfully obtained his master's degree and immediately began to apply for the doctoral program of Columbia University. Subsequently, he published the short story "Circle" in the March issue of 1942, and put forward the "three laws of robots" for the first time. In March of the same year, Asimov went to work in the naval shipyard under the recommendation of science fiction writer Robert Hennan. In the same year, he published the first story of the "base series" in the May issue of Surprise Story 1942, and the second story was published the following month, which was welcomed by readers. On July 26th of the same year, Asimov married his girlfriend Jethro, and they spent a week-long honeymoon in new york.

Under Campbell's supervision and encouragement, Asimov wrote eight stories for the base series in the1940s, which were later included in the "base trilogy", completely telling the history of the decline of the galactic empire and the rise of the base. From 1944 to 1950, Asimov published four short stories about robots in Surprise, which were later included in I, Robot.

1945, 1 1 year1October, Asimov was drafted into the army and received four months of physical training in Virginia Lee Barracks. 1946 In March, he was sent to Oahu as a chemical expert to participate in the atomic bomb test. 1June 5, 946, Asimov retired and returned to new york. 1948 On May 20th, Asimov defended his doctoral thesis. From 65438 to 0950, Asimov continued to write short stories for science fiction magazines, which he called his "golden decade".

1950 65438+ 10, Shuangri Company published Asimov's first novel, A Millet in the Sky, which belongs to the "Trilogy of the Galactic Empire" and tells the story of a tailor who crossed the Galactic Empire tens of thousands of years later in the 20th century. At the end of the same year, he published his second novel I, Robot in Motto Publishing House, which included nine robot short stories.

195 1 year, Asimov was promoted to assistant professor of biochemistry at Boston University School of Medicine. In the same year, he published the first novel of the "base trilogy" and the second novel of the "galactic empire trilogy", If the stars are like dust.

From 65438 to 0952, Asimov published a biochemistry textbook, Biochemistry and Human Metabolism, which was the beginning of his writing popular science books. In the same year, he published the second novel "Base and Empire" of the "Base Trilogy" in Maxim Publishing House, and completed the first robot novel "Steel Cave", which tells the story of robots and human partners handling cases in the future world. In the same year, in 65438+February, the second part of the Galactic Empire Trilogy, Undercurrent in the Starry Sky, was published.

1953, Asimov published the second base, the third part of the trilogy "Base". From1953 65438+early February to1954 February, Asimov finished his time travel work "The End of Eternity".

1954, Asimov published The Cave of Steel, which is better than any previous book. Because of the success of this book, Asimov began to write a sequel in 1955. In the same year, he was promoted to associate professor.

1955 The End of Eternity was published by Shuangri Company. The story of this novel revolves around the love between the hero and heroine, breaking Asimov's previous model and representing the highest point of his creation.

1957, The Naked Poplar, the sequel to Steel Cave, was published by Shuangri Company. In the same year, the Soviet Union launched the first artificial earth satellite, which deeply touched Asimov. He deeply feels that the scientific literacy of the public lags behind the development level of contemporary science and technology. He believes that he has the responsibility to try his best to narrow this gap as soon as possible, so he resolutely shrinks his already handy sci-fi creation and devotes himself to writing books and articles on popular science.

1958 Summer, Asimov resigned from Boston University, but retained the title of assistant professor and became a professional writer. In 1960s, Asimov seldom wrote novels, but it was during this period that he became a very successful non-fiction creator and public speaker. Asimov likes to give a speech at gatherings, play the role of an after-dinner speaker or teach popular science knowledge. Gundam 1963 Asimov gives two or three speeches every month on average, and the fixed fee is 1000 USD each time.

In addition to The Magical Journey and several short stories, Asimov devoted himself to the creation of non-fiction works throughout the 1960s. Before the end of 10, he had written more than 100 books, most of which were published between 1960 and 1970. He writes quickly, and with the increase of popularity, almost any work can be sold automatically.

1960 10 Asimov published the Scientific Guide for Smart People, which was well received all over the country and nominated for the National Book Award. 1964, Asimov published Asimov's Encyclopedia of Science and Technology Biography, which took him three years to write. * * * More than 500,000 words, composed of biographies of more than 1000 scientists, who are the most important in all countries. This book immediately became a best seller and was reprinted again and again until the 1980s. Until now, it is still widely used as a reference book by many large libraries in the world.

Subsequently, Asimov began to write books on historical themes. His works in the 1960s include The Greeks, The Roman Republic, The Roman Empire, The Egyptians, The Near East, The Dark Ages and The Formation of England. 1966, Asimov won the Hugo Award, the highest prize in science fiction, for his trilogy "Base". 1972, Asimov published a science fiction novel "God himself" describing aliens, and won the Hugo Award and the Xingyun Award for this work. In the early 1970s, he wrote several historical works, starting from French history, all the way to American history and Constantinople history. During the same period, Asimov also published several yellow limerick collections.

1972 1 month, during a routine physical examination, Asimov was diagnosed with thyroid cancer and had to undergo surgery. 1973 165438+1October16 After three and a half years of divorce, Asimov and his wife Jethro formally divorced. In the same year,165438+1October 30th, he married his new partner Janet. 1In August, 974, Asimov published a short science fiction novel "Double Hundred Men", which tells the story of a robot who wants to become a human being, and once again won the praise of critics.

In the mid-1970s, Asimov was already a world-famous scientist, and he talked about new scientific trends on TV almost every month. 1974, he was even included in the encyclopedia Britannica. At the end of 1979, after the publication of Works 200, he was also one of the top ten prolific writers in the history of literature and was given a record series. In the following two years, Asimov wrote a set of representative works about his life, namely, Memory Evergreen (1979) and Happy Forever (1980). Asimov has been receiving letters from readers since Shuangri Publishing House first published the "Base" series in the mid-1960s, hoping that he would continue to write this series of books. 198 1 February, under the constant urging of friends, Asimov returned to his old job and began to create the base series again. 1September, 982, he also started to create the next work of "Robot Series".

From 1982 to 10, Asimov published a series of new works "The Edge of the Base", telling the story that happened after the "trilogy of the Base". This book was a great success, and reached the best seller list in The New York Times, and won the Hugo Award for Best Novel with 1983.

1In March, 983, Asimov published a new work of "Robot Series", Robots at Dawn.

1985, Asimov published Robot and Empire, the last work of the "Robot Series", in which he put forward the "Zero Law" which is above the "Three Laws of Robots".

From 1986 to 10, Asimov published the fifth work of "Base Series", Base and Earth, in which the idea of "Gaia Galaxy" was put forward. This is Asimov's longest science fiction novel, which stayed for 15 weeks in the list of best-selling novels in The New York Times, and once jumped to the seventh place, but the reader's response was not very good. So Asimov began to create the prequel series of the "Base Trilogy".

1988, Asimov published "Prelude to the Base", which described the process of psychohistory's father hari seldon inventing this theory and filled the gap left by the trilogy of the Base.

From 65438 to 0992, Asimov began to write "Towards the Base", which revived the novella collection mode of the Base trilogy and told the story of hari seldon's life. Asimov originally planned to write five interrelated novellas. As a result, due to the deterioration of health, Asimov and his assistant adapted the fifth story into the last part of the whole work in the last week of their lives. This novel was published after Asimov's death 1993.

In the last course of his life, Asimov also cooperated with his good friend Robert Sil warburg to expand some of his early short stories into novels, including Sunset, A Man of the True Son (expanded from Two Hundred People) and so on. Throughout the 1980s, Asimov insisted on publishing a column in Fantasy and Science Fiction magazine every month until he was too ill to write. 1983, Asimov underwent heart surgery. 1989, Asimov had to undergo heart surgery again. Before the operation, he was found to be infected with HIV, and the operation had to be cancelled.

From the 1980s to the early 1990s, Asimov's health continued to deteriorate. Due to the side effects of drug treatment, by the second half of 1990, his hands began to shake badly, making it increasingly difficult to operate a microcomputer or typewriter. He can only dictate his latest works and let others type for him. Throughout the winter of 199 1 and the spring of 1992, he kept going in and out of the hospital, and a sudden cold or stomachache forced him to be observed.

1In April, 1992, Asimov was hospitalized with angina pectoris and soon developed renal failure. With the continuous deterioration of his illness, he was in a semi-coma state, and finally1died in Dodge Hospital of new york University on the morning of April 6, 992, at the age of 72. On April 22nd, 1992, a memorial ceremony for Asimov was held in the Moral and Cultural Center.