British and American history

Problem description:

I want to see the Chinese translation of A Survey of Britain and America. . .

Analysis:

British history and tradition

Monarchy

The monarchy is the oldest system in the world today. Queen Elizabeth II has been the head of the United Kingdom since she ascended the throne in 1952. She is also a direct descendant of King egbert. During his reign, King egbert unified England in 829 AD. Before the birth of the parliamentary system, the monarchy had existed in Britain for hundreds of years, and it was interrupted only once, from 1649 to 1660, when Britain adopted the * * * system and implemented a republic. For centuries, the absolute power of the monarch has been eroded and weakened. Nevertheless, as the constitutional head of state, the monarch still retains important symbolic significance.

In the past few hundred years, the personality characteristics of the reigning king have had an important impact on state affairs. At the end of the 9th century, Alfred, king of the West Saxon, defeated the invaders led by King Goudron of Denmark and transformed the Danish king into a Christian, which greatly changed the political map of Britain and laid the foundation for the unification of Anglo-Saxon races in Britain.

Many years later, the rule of King Henry VIII triggered a major social change. In order to establish a dynasty, Henry VIII reformed the church, which paved the way for the differences between Protestantism and Catholicism in the future and strengthened the power of parliament. During the reign of Henry VIII, the economic strength of the nobles was strengthened, which laid the economic foundation for their internal struggle in Tudor dynasty. /kloc-In the second half of the 6th century, facing multiple crises at home and abroad, the ruling Elizabeth I proved to the world that she was a shrewd and courageous political leader. 19th century, during the reign of Queen Victoria, Britain once again entered ... hubce.edu/mrwc/show.php? Lm = news and television. id=***********

The historical background of the United States

The American people are brave and love freedom. They originally came from all over the world, from many different cultures, races and religions. After a long period of integration, they gradually became proud of being Americans.

Establishment of British North American Colonies (1607- 1733)

The original inhabitants of North America were Indians. 16-18th century, the western European countries that were conducting primitive accumulation of capital invaded North America one after another. The French established new France (including the lower reaches of the St. Lawrence River and the Mississippi River); The Spanish established the new Spain (including Mexico and a large area in the southwestern United States). 1607, Britain established 1 colonial stronghold-Jamestown, and then successively established 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast. Most of the people who arrived in the colonies were poor working people in western Europe, but there were also nobles, landlords and bourgeoisie, among which the British, Irish, Germans and Dutch were the most. Among the immigrants, there are people who escape from war and religious persecution, voluntary and involuntary "contract slaves", beggars and criminals; And black people trafficked from Africa.

The War of Independence (1774- 1783)

18 In the 1970s, Britain further implemented the high-pressure policy, and 1770 witnessed the Boston Massacre. The tea tax law was passed on 1773, which caused the Boston tea party. 1774, five intolerable laws were promulgated (such as closing Boston harbor, sending more British troops, abolishing Massachusetts autonomy, establishing British judicial power over colonies, etc.). ), from the political and military stepped up control and repression of the colonies. 1772- 1774, the colonies generally set up communication committees to lead the anti-British struggle. 1September 5, 774 ... Zhuo Da/idiot/16507.