(North America) Which country does Greenland belong to?

Greenland is the largest island in the world, covering an area of 2175,600 square kilometers, but about 84% of it is covered with ice and snow. If all the ice and snow on the island melt, the whole island will look like a giant doughnut floating on the sea. The name Greenland, which means "green land", is a country with a special status under the Danish rule the kingdom. Most of the territory is located in the Arctic Circle with a cold climate. Across the strait from Canada and Iceland.

We don't know when the indigenous people of Greenland came here and why they chose such a desolate place to live. When Icelandic colonists came here in 982, they found it uninhabited. At the southernmost tip of the island, Icelanders established three strongholds, which they persisted in for the next few centuries.

The name Greenland is exactly what these Scandinavians chose. According to the Nordic epic sagar, Eriksson with red beard was exiled to Iceland for murder. The Eriksson family and their slaves sailed northwest to explore the legendary land. When he settled on the island, he named it Greenland (meaning "green land") to attract more immigrants. At least the fjord at the southern end of the island is still green. His brilliant plan succeeded, and Nordic immigrants could live in harmony with the new Inuit. /kloc-in the 0/2nd century, a Catholic parish was even established in Greenland. 1386, Greenland officially belonged to Norway. At that time, Norway was a member of the Kalmar Union of the three Nordic countries, so after the disintegration of the Union, Greenland was transferred to the Danish-Norwegian monarchy.

After more than 500 years of persistence, Nordic settlements suddenly disappeared in the15th century, probably due to the general food shortage caused by the Little Ice Age. Later, the remains of residents in this period all showed malnutrition.

18 14, Denmark recovered the sovereignty of Greenland according to the Kiel Treaty.

In the 1920s, after gaining independence from Denmark, Norway occupied the then uninhabited eastern Greenland, claiming that it was ownerless and claimed sovereignty over it. 1933, Denmark and Norway agreed to submit this dispute to the International Court of Justice for arbitration under the League of Nations. According to the arbitration result, Denmark gained the sovereignty of the whole Greenland.

On the early maps, Greenland was also marked with the name of Gruntland (meaning Land of the Earth). It is not known whether Grunt is a green falsetto or a green falsetto.

During World War II, the connection between Greenland and Denmark was cut off because Nazi Germany occupied Denmark on April 9, 1940. Greenland successfully traded with the United States and Canada by mining cryolite mine in Wiegert, Iraq, and obtained necessary commodities. This situation continued until the end of the war.

The climate of the North Atlantic is deeply influenced by the ocean currents along the northeast coast of Greenland. Therefore, small-scale battles also took place in this area during World War II. 1943, a Danish soldier was killed in this area, and a year later, a German soldier was also killed there.

[Editor] Politics

The head of state of Greenland is the Danish King, which is now Margrethe II. The Danish government appointed a high commissioner (Rigsombudsmand) to represent the Danish king and government.

The Greenland Home Rule Parliament is elected by universal suffrage for a term of four years, with 365,438+0 seats. The head of the autonomous government, the Governor of Greenland, is usually the leader of the parliamentary majority party.

[edit] geography

Image:Sermeqkujadtlek.jpg

Greenland is the largest island in the world, located in the northeast of North America, between the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, facing the Canadian Arctic Islands across Baffin Bay and davis strait in the west, and facing Iceland across the Danish Strait in the east. Because of its huge area, Greenland is usually called-{Greenland subcontinent}-. About four-fifths of the islands are in the Arctic Circle.

Greenland is another major ice sheet and fresh water storage area in the world after Antarctica. Most of the island is covered by ice sheets, and only the northernmost part of the island and the narrow strips on the east and west sides of the island are exposed, because the air in these areas is extremely dry and it is difficult to form snow. Because the central area is covered with snow and ice for a long time, if the snow cap is removed, the central area will be lower than the island edge. The highest elevation of the island is 3300m east of the central part, and the elevation of the marginal area is about 1000 to 2000m. If all the ice and snow in Greenland melt, an island group will appear under the action of glacier erosion.

From 1989 to 1993, climate researchers from Europe and the United States reached the summit of the Greenland ice sheet and drilled a pair of ice cores 2 miles (about 3.2 kilometers) long to study their chemical composition. The air hidden in the ice core can't get out of the ice cap. The deeper the ice core air, the earlier the air composition. Studying its contents is helpful to discover the ancient northern hemisphere climate as far back as 100000 years ago. The result of the study is that the earth's climate, which is usually in a long-term stable climate, suddenly and quickly changes to another long-term stable climate.

[edit] economy

Greenland experienced economic contraction in the 1990s, but the economy began to recover from 1993. Since 1980, the Greenland home rule government has been adopting a tight fiscal policy, effectively ensuring the public budget surplus and low inflation rate. Since the closure of the last lead-zinc mine on 1990 island, Greenland's foreign trade has been in deficit. At present, the island's economy depends heavily on the export of fishery and fishery products, and shrimp catching is the largest pillar industry. Although Greenland has resumed hydrocarbon and mineral exploration activities, it will take several years to achieve production. Tourism is the only sector with short-term income potential in this region, but it is also limited by short tourist season and high consumption. Including state-owned enterprises and municipal government departments, play a leading role in the region's economy. About half of the government's revenue comes from the Danish government's subsidy, which is also an important supplement to the gross national product.

[edit] population

Population: 56,309 (data of July 2000)

Age structure:

0- 14 years old: 27% (male 7718; 7483 women)

15-64 years old: 68% (male 20860; Female 17272)

65 years old and above: 5% (male 1, 332; Female1.644) (data in 2000)

Population growth rate: 0.09% (data in 2000)

Birth rate: 16.85 births/1 1,000 population (data in 2000)

Mortality rate: 7.55 deaths/65,438+0,000 (data in 2000)

Net migration rate: -8.38 immigrants/1 0,000 population (2000 estimate. )

Sex ratio:

Birth: 1 male/female

1under 5 years old 1.03 male/female

15-64 years old: 1.2 1 male/female

65 years old and above: 0.8 1 male/female

Total population: 1. 13 male/female (2000)

Infant mortality rate: 18.26 deaths/1 1,000 safe deliveries (2000)

Life expectancy at birth:

Total population: 68.07 years old

Male: 64.52 years old

Female 7 1.69 years old (2000)

Fertility rate: 2.45 newborns/women (2000)

Race: Greenland 87% (Inuit and European Greenland), Danish and others 13%.

Religion: Lutheranism

Language: Greenland (East Inuit), Danish, English.

[edit] culture

Greenland culture was created by Inuit and Viking explorers. Inuit still make a living by fishing. There is an annual dog sled race, and everyone in the team has to take part.

Greenland has begun to attract tourists to visit, where dog-pulling competitions, fishing, hiking and crossing can be held.