Wang Shu's life story

Wang Shuyu 1448 (13th year of Ming Yingzong Orthodox) was admitted as a scholar. After being elected, he was appointed as Dali Zuo and promoted to Zuo Temple Vice. Six things about improper punishment written by Zeng Shangshu was approved by the court and implemented. Later, he was transferred to Yangzhou magistrate, distributed food to help the hungry without waiting for the court to reply, and set up a senior government academy to train scholars.

In A.D. 1460 (the fourth year of Tianshun), Wang Shu was promoted to the right prime minister of Jiangxi Province because of his outstanding achievements, and put down the Ganzhou rebellion during his term of office. After Ming Xianzong and Zhu Jianshen acceded to the throne, they ordered the ministers to strictly examine all the officials in the world, and removed thirteen people, including Hou Chen, the left envoy of Yuzhou, and changed Hou Chen to Wang Shu.

1465 (the first year of Chenghua), refugees gathered in Nanyang and Jingxiang to rebel, and the court promoted Wang Shu as the right deputy capital to appease the management of refugees. Just like Wang Shu's mother died, the court only allowed him to go to work two months after mourning, but Wang Shu refused but was not allowed. Together with Prime Minister Bai Gui, he put down the uprising of thief Liu Tong and smashed his henchmen Shilong. He ordered his men not to kill people indiscriminately, and the refugees went home. He was transferred to the governor of Henan Province, promoted to the left deputy capital, and soon promoted to the right assistant minister of Nanjing punishments. He left his job because of his father's death, and was appointed as the former river chief after the funeral period expired. Dredge Gaoyou, Shao Bo and other lakes, and repair the shiplocks of Leigong, Shangxiacheng and Chen Gong reservoirs. At that time, due to the serious disaster, the court extensively sought solutions to the disaster. Xianzong exempted Shandong from taxes for one year, and there were also many tax reductions and exemptions in the surrounding areas of Beijing. Soon, Wang Shu was appointed as the left assistant minister of Nanjing Household Department. A.D. 1476 (in the 12th year of Chenghua), Shang Lu, a university student, thought that Yunnan was far away from the capital of Wan Li, controlled barbarians in the west and crossed the toes in the south, but kept eunuchs insatiable for money, so he negotiated to appoint a prestigious minister to keep Yunnan as the governor, so he changed Wang Shu to be the left deputy governor, and was promoted to the right deputy governor after arriving in Yunnan. At the beginning, Qian could send Guo Jing, the commander-in-chief, to give lectures in Beijing, saying that Annan had entered the Yunnan border without authorization. Xianzong immediately ordered Guo Jing to send a letter as a warning. According to the old system, Annan will go from Guangxi and Guo Jing will go straight to Annan from Yunnan. Money can be entrusted to Guo Jing to give Li Hao, jade belt, treasure tapestry, pythons' clothes, and strange things to Annan King. Li Hao sent generals to escort Guo Jing back, just to open a passage from Annan to Yunnan. Afraid of future trouble, Guo Jing pretended to tell the gatekeeper first, so he got off and came back. He threatened that Ananko was coming and the checkpoint was under martial law. The Duke of Guizhou sent word to General Annan that Annan's army had returned. Ministers are afraid of money, so they hide it from the court. Qian Neng sent Guo Jing to command Liu An, Su Ben and others, colluded with Ganya, Meng Mi and other chieftains, and accepted their countless treasures. Wang Shu visited these situations. Guo Jing was arrested by cavalry, and Guo Jing committed suicide for fear of sin. Wang Shu then impeached Qian Neng to collaborate with the enemy and was beheaded according to the crime. Xianzong sent a letter to Pan Fan, the doctor of the Ministry of Punishment. Qian Neng was in the middle again, and presented a yellow parrot to Xian Zongjin by post car. Wang Shu demanded that bribery be banned and all crimes of greed and cruelty be exposed. He said: "In the past, due to improper appointment of security officers, one party was trapped, and now this matter is very harmful. How can your majesty care about a penny and not stabilize the border? " Money can be frightened, so let Xian Zong's favorite people call Wang Shu back. When Shang Lu, Xiang Zhong and other upright people were dismissed because of disagreement with Wang Zhi, the court was replaced by Wang Shu, who was in charge of the Nanjing Duchayuan, to assist the garrison processor in handling important affairs, and the impeachment of Qian Neng was immediately solved. Pan Fan reported the fact that money can take bribes, but Xianzong shelved it.

Wang Shu worked in Yunnan for nine months, and his reputation spread far and wide abroad. From Mu Cong, a public official in Guizhou, he obeyed the government's orders carefully. Wang Shu's reputation for integrity shocked the world after twenty visits. At that time, An Nanguo accepted a traitor from Jiangxi and wang xing as the mastermind, secretly sent spies to sneak into Lin 'an, made weapons in Mengzi city, and prepared to attack Yunnan. Wang Shu asked for the addition of two deputy envoys to strengthen border defense, but their plot failed. After staying in Nanjing for a few months, Wang Shu was promoted to the position of Minister of War of Nanjing, and still assisted in guarding the important affairs of the processors. When he selected subordinates, acquaintances were forbidden to intercede, and people who had anything to do with him were unhappy. After the money came back, it was repeatedly slandered in front of Xianzong. Xianzong was not satisfied with Wang Shu's outspoken advice for many times, so he ordered Wang Shu and Nan Ji, the deputy governor of the right empire. According to the old system, the official land corresponding to Tian, Zhenjiang, Taiping, Ningguo and Guangde was charged half of the land rent, while the land rent for private land was free. Later, most private fields belonged to the rich, and official fields dragged down the poor. Wang Shu will reduce the loss of official land and slightly increase the burden of private land. Changzhou had surplus grain and rice at that time, so it declared to the court that it used 60 thousand stone rice to make up for the lack of summer field tax, and paid another 6 million salt bill tax for other government accounts, regardless of public or private. When the area was flooded, he saved more than 6 million stones from autumn grain. Relief loans from various places have saved more than 2 million people. Jiangnan sends more than 170,000 stones of white cooked glutinous rice to Neifu and 44,000 stones of coarse glutinous rice to various ministries every year. Many people went bankrupt, and Guanglu Temple supplied all the cooks and craftsmen. In addition, eunuchs impose exorbitant taxes, and officials in charge of collecting tributes from all over the country overcharge them. People who weave silk to pick flowers and catch birds are constantly on the road. Wang Shu has stated his harm to the court, and his opinion has not been adopted.

Eunuch Wang Jing and Qian Yao Wang Chen went south to collect medicine and treasure, and were harassed everywhere, and many county magistrates were insulted. When Jing Wong and his party arrived in Suzhou, they called all the students to write demon books, and all the students were very excited. Wang Jing told the students not to obey orders. Wang Shu rushed to the newspaper and said: "This year is a disaster year, and disaster relief funds should be paid. On the contrary, Jing Wong cruelly asked for the treasure. At that time, Emperor Taizong suggested that Liangzhou offer eagles, and Emperor Tang Ming ordered Yizhou to weave half-arm scorpion clothes, offer pipa bars and carve teeth, but Li Daliang and Su Xiang refused to serve the imperial edict. Although I can't compare with them, I admire people like Li Daliang. " Then list all the crimes of Jing Wong and others. Jing Wong also pretended to be Wang Shu and participated in the capture of Changzhou magistrate Sun Ren. In order to save, Wang Shu wrote three times to impeach Jing Wong. As it happens, eunuch Shang Ming also exposed Jing Wong's crimes, so Xianzong arrested Jing Wong and others, punished his 19 followers, asked them to keep the border and exile the army, beheaded Jing Wong in the market and sent him to Nanjing.

In A.D. 1484 (the 20th year of Chenghua), Xianzong was appointed as the Minister of War of Nanjing. At this time, Qian Neng also guarded Nanjing and said to people: "The princes are descended from heaven, and I only serve them respectfully." Wang Shu was honest with him, and his money finally converged a lot. At that time, Lin Jun was imprisoned, and Wang Shu said: "There is only one altar in heaven and earth, and there is only one temple in ancestors, but there are more than 1,000 temples in Buddha. It is not appropriate to build a temple, resettle hundreds of people and spend hundreds of thousands of silver from the state treasury. Lin Jun is right and should not be convicted. " Xianzong was very unhappy after seeing Shu.

Wang Shu did not shy away from stating things calmly. He made speeches on political affairs twice/kloc-0 times and made suggestions 39 times, all of which tried his best to prevent officials and minions from doing wrong. Everyone in the world sincerely admires him. Whenever political things are unreasonable, someone will say, "Why don't princes say anything?" Or, "The prince's performance is coming soon." After that, Wang Shu's composition really arrived. At that time, the ballad said, "There is only one Wang Shu in the twelve departments of Beijing and Nanjing." All the dignitaries and minions hated him very much, and Xianzong was quite bored with him. In A.D. 1486 (the 22nd year of Chenghua), Xian Zong began to be an official, and Wang Shu remonstrated further, making Xian Zong Yue more and more unhappy. Wang Shu had previously been promoted to Prince Shaobao. When Ma Xian, assistant minister of Nanjing Ministry of War, asked for his resignation, Xian Zong suddenly attached Wang Shu to the approval document for retiring with Prince Shaobao, and officials in the government and the public were greatly surprised when they learned that. Wang Shu served as governor for many times, from assistant minister to Shangshu, and stayed in Nanjing. Because I like telling the truth, I can't stay in court in the end.

After he returned to his hometown, he became more famous, and courtiers constantly recommended him. Wang Chun, the minister of the Ministry of Industry, compared Wang Shu to Ji An of the Western Han Dynasty, and was even scolded by the staff and demoted to the office of Sinan Mansion. It was not until Zhu Shitang, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, acceded to the throne that he adopted the recommendation of courtiers, called Wang Shu into the palace as the official minister, and soon added the post of Prince Taibao. Previously, officials who impeached Liu Ji, a cabinet university student, inside and outside the DPRK, would definitely recommend Wang Shu, and Liu Ji was therefore greatly disgusted with Wang Shu. He will secretly obstruct anything recommended by Uncle Wang.

1488 (the first year of Hongzhi) In the first month of leap, 37 people including Song Min, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and Qiu Naiying, Governor of Grain Transportation were demoted and dismissed. Many of them have always been prestigious officials. Liu Ji was directly approved by the imperial edict, and the throne could not be descended to the official department. Wang Shu asked to leave because he could not exercise his functions and powers, but Xiao Zong refused to approve. Shaanxi lacked a governor, and Wang Shu recommended Xiao Zhen, the special envoy of Henan Province. Filial piety was elected in another letter, and Wang Shu insisted on going to war, saying, "Your Majesty did not appoint a minister to the official department because he was incompetent. If my recommendation is invalid, it will be my sin. Now how does your majesty know that Xiao Zhen has no talent and refused? Presumably, the left and right ministers have their own points. I can't expect to keep my job by falling with the wind. Your majesty thinks Xiao Zhen is unworthy, but I am unworthy. I hope I can go back to my hometown to save my old bones. " Xiaozong finally appointed Xiao Zhen.

At that time, many officials said that Wang was hard and old, and was not suitable for heavy responsibilities. He should be assigned to participate in some important affairs in the cabinet. Finally, Wu Tai and others said it again. Xiaozong said, "I adopted the precedent of Zhouyi and Wang Zhi, and appointed Wang Shu as the official minister. Wang Shu has suggestions and never ignores them. Why do you want to join the cabinet? " Wang Shu once served Xiaozong to give lectures in the palace. Seeing Xiao Zong's heatstroke, he requested to suspend giving lectures in the palace during the heat of winter and summer according to the old practice, and still presented his speech to the palace. Jin Shidong Jie, Shi Yu Tang Nai and Shi Yu Han Zhong wrote a letter to refute. Wang Shu asked for dismissal because of guilt, and Xiao Zong euphemistically dissuaded him. Wang Shu said: "I owe my country great kindness and think about newspapers day and night." People see that the position of minister appointed by your majesty is too heavy, and they expect him to be heavier. They hoped that he would try his best to rearrange political affairs, just like Sima Guang in the Song Dynasty. Not to mention that the talent of the minister is far less than that of Sima Guang, even according to the present situation, it is not the Yuan You period. Besides, the six ministers have their own responsibilities, so I dare to act beyond my authority. But Angel and others blame me, and I can't escape the blame. I just asked for permission to go home. " Filial piety is kind and comforting. Wang Shu was grateful to Xiaozong for his esteem and devoted himself to handling state affairs. Wang Shu is about to take a vacation due to illness. It is said that Xiaozong promoted many eunuchs and even gave him python clothes and Zhuang Tian. Wang Shu is earnestly trying to persuade him. Eunuch Huang Shun asked craftsman Pan Jun to serve him. Wang Shu said, don't break the system just because I am a small official. Huang Shun insisted on rewriting this paper, and got the approval of Xiao Zong.

Liu Ji has always held a grudge against Wang Shu, framing Liu, the magistrate of Shouzhou, and officials Zhou Bi, Zhang Qi, Jiang Wan, etc. Wang Shu bluntly tried his best to save Wang Shu, so Liu Ji hated him even more and together with Andy, who was closely related to him, pushed Wang Shu out. Wang Shu successively recommended Luo Ming, Xiong Huai, Qiang Zhen, Chen Shou, Chuna and Bai Siming. Liu Ji hinted that others were obstructing official duties. Knowing that his ambition could not be realized, Wang Shu wrote letters to ask to leave. Filial piety always comforts and keeps him, and because he is old, he is exempted from the afternoon court and the early court in case of snowstorm.

Zhu Jianpei, the king of Huizhou, sought to return the land in Texas, which was approved by Xiaozong. Wang Shu said that the royal family should not fight for the unemployment of the people because of the size of the land, and Xiao Zong replied diplomatically. After the completion of Lugou Bridge, eunuch Li Xing asked for the promotion of officials such as Pan Jun, the deputy envoy of Siwen Academy. Wang Shu said: "Building is a daily job, so how can we record merit? It didn't happen until the end of Chenghua. Fortunately, it was abolished when your majesty was in power. Why did he carry it out again? Besides, I have never heard of any promotion in the construction of the imperial tomb project, and others are also seeking promotion under such circumstances. What words will they refuse? " Xiaozong adopted Wang Shu's opinion. Later, when the bridge over the Capital River was completed, Xiao Zong approved Li Xing's request, awarded four official posts and promised five hats and belts. Wang Shu went up to remonstrate, but Xiao Zong didn't listen. Wang Shu went up to remonstrate for the second time and said, "I should do my duty as an inspector." And once again, it can't change your majesty's hearing and vision. Your majesty thinks that since it has been approved, it cannot be changed. What's the harm of changing inappropriate things ten times? Otherwise, abuse will be irreversible. "Xiao zong's answer is well known. Wang Shu listed seven accidents caused by disasters and 20 events caused by astrological changes, all of which hit the nail on the head. Zhang Luan and Shou Ningbo, please give me the title and imperial edict. Wang Shu said, "Empress Qian and Empress Wang have been queens in the palace for decades, and Qian Chengzong is just seeking a title. Now the queen has only been established for three years, and Zhang Luan has already become an earl. This sudden request has an impact on your majesty's virtue and should not be approved. "Gao Lu, a general with political experience, is Zhang Luan's brother-in-law and was promoted to senator of our company. Wang Shu said: "All official positions in the world are reserved for talented people in the world. Don't be selfish and seal up your wealth, which will have a bad influence. The palace ordered the imperial doctor to make up the punishment in turn, and Wang Shu had to choose from the officials who had the best assessment. "。 His opinion was not accepted. Du Chang, a calligrapher at Wenhua Temple, got a salary increase by virtue of his connections. Wang Yu, the physician, asked for a promotion, but Wang Shu argued and gave up. At that time, Liu Ji had been dismissed, Qiu Zhuo entered the cabinet, and he was at odds with Wang Shu. At the beginning, Qiu Zhuo was appointed as the minister in charge of Zhan Shifu and Wang Shu as the Prince of Taibao. Wang Shu, the leader of Liuqing, is located on the mound. When Qiu Zhuo entered the cabinet, Wang Shu was supercilious to the post of minister in the official department, and Qiu Zhuo was very unhappy. Wang Shu inspected all the officials in the world, and more than 90 people were demoted by him and transferred to the imperial edict. Wang Shu repeatedly argued that he could not achieve his goal, so he tried to recall his official position without the approval of Xiao Zong. The Imperial Hospital ruled that Liu had gone to Qiu Zhuo's home to seek a promotion, but was stopped by Wang Shu, who hated Liu's guts. When Wang Shu resigned from his post and returned to his hometown to live, he was entrusted to write a biography and print it with engraving. Qiu Zhuo told Liu that Wang Shu slandered the fame of Qi Wang, and the emperor knew that the charges were not small. Liu listened to the heart, so he personally drafted the paper, polished the removed Zhen Wu, attacked Wang Shu, and disturbed the method of selecting officials. In his biography, he compared himself with Yi Yin and Duke Zhou, detained officials and said that the palace did not reply, which caused the influence of the first emperor's refusal to remonstrate. He didn't have the demeanor of a minister and wanted to create a strange disaster. Wang Shu thought it was played according to Qiu Zhuo's will, so he argued on the throne: "I made a biography in the 20th year of Chenghua (1484), and resigned at home in the 22nd year (1486), so I have no problem with my late emperor. What's more, everything in the biography is to show the virtue of the former emperor changing hands, so what name is used to show his fault? Liu is a rogue, and there must be people behind him who are good at writing articles and conspiring. " Xiaozong sent Liu to Jinyi prison. After the trial, he got the truth. The relevant departments demanded that Qiu Zhuo, Wang Shu and Zhen Wu be arrested and confronted. Xiaozong was dissatisfied with Wang Shu, and he was demoted to Wei Liu as a physician, accusing Wang Shu of fishing for fame, burning stereotypes and not asking Qiu Zhuo. Wang Shu asked for the second time, but he couldn't get the consent, so he urged him to leave. Filial piety let him go back to China by post-coach, without giving a letter, and his monthly salary and seniority were also reduced a lot. So court officials looked down on Qiu Zhuo. When Qiu Zhuo died, Liu Qu offered condolences, and Qiu Zhuo's wife called him out. She said, "Because you, the relationship between" xianggong "and maharaja is not good, you have a reputation for injustice. What are you mourning! "

After Zhu Houzhao, Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty, acceded to the throne, he sent officials to send letters of condolence to Wang Shu, rewarded sheep wine and increased grain slaves, and told Wang Shu not to hide anything. Wang Shu expounded many important political affairs, and Wu Zong was amiable and encouraging. Wang Shu impeached dignitaries and minions, and he never evaded and was not afraid. When the governor was in Yunnan, he dared to impeach the eunuch Qian Neng. When serving in Nanjing, he opposed Xian Di and safeguarded local interests; In charge of the official department, he advocated limiting imperial power and improving the supervision system and political system. Returning to his hometown in his later years, he devoted himself to the study of Neo-Confucianism and became the founder of the "ternary school"; Wang Chengyu, the youngest son, was supported to establish Hongdao Academy, which trained many talents for the northwest provinces.

He has been an official inside and outside the imperial court for more than forty years, and he is honest and clean. Geng Yu, He, He, Ni Yue, Liu Daxia, Dai Shan, Zhang Mao, etc. He introduced all the famous ministers at that time. He respects those sages who are not in office, fearing that their promotion will be slow. During the nearly 20 years of Xiao Zong's reign in Hongzhi, there were many decent officials in the court, who performed their duties and were very organized. They are called "Hongzhi Zhongxing" because of Wang Shu. At that time, it was a rumor that there was only one uncle Wang in two departments in Beijing.

Qian Neng: A prince, heaven and man, I just respect things.

Zou Zhi: Wang Shu, an official of Nanjing Ministry of War, is loyal and can do great things.

Wang Xuan: As a senior official, Lian Jieduan is really inferior to Wang Ao, and his public loyalty is inferior to Wang Shu. There is nothing better than Geng Yu.

Wang Shizhen: (1) During the reign of filial piety, there were the most famous ministers ... If there were no Sanyuan Wang Gong Zhu, Ma Sheng, Huarong Road Liu Gong and these three gentlemen. Duan Yi directly remonstrates with the world, so it is not difficult to be filial and constitutional. Filial piety, benevolence; However, it ended in a fierce quarrel. Isn't it the so-called humiliation? ⑧ The Soviet Union is more Chinese and foreign, and the power of calendar is unyielding, and only when it is built can it win. Loyalty and benevolence are the quality, and Tao is the law. At night, fish and water, the secret is not in Shu. Three generations of wind in central Sichuan. Words about healthy knees are rarely circulated. I feel that the Lord is not as good as me. People say that the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members are like Wei Xuancheng and Han, Yang Jun combines Yao and Song, and Huarong Road is like Li Taichu and Sima Junshi. (2) Forgive Zhang's poor reputation, weak and poor summer, and poor literary skills. Is it true?/You don't say.

Xu Xian: China's famous longevity ministers, 98-year-old Wei Wenjing, 93-year-old Wang, 89-year-old Hu Zhongan, 86-year-old Ma Duansu, Han and Wu He. Wang Wenduan, Gong Zhi, Su Gongao, An Gonghan, Liu Gongxia and Xie Gongqian, a total of 84 people. I am a public figure, with both fame and fortune. Is it easy to get?

Tan Qian: My husband is a smart man. He is meticulous in his speech, and the wind is not credible.

He: Wang presided over the political unrest for 50 years and retired as a scholar-bureaucrat for decades in order to imitate Han Fan and Er Sima, but at that time there was a kind of fishing ridicule, which made it difficult for him to know how to do things.

Zhang Sui: Chenghua Room, Sanyuan, Hezhou, Qinxian and Fengqiu, where you live is Yueyi. If you move, you will be struck by lightning. When you have a big axe, you will be lucky to have a small sea. If you want a sword, people who see it will be afraid, and people who hear it will be afraid. You will be full of vitality and wealth.

Gu Yingtai: When it was played, there were Wang Shu and Shao Peng as ice guides.

Zhang: Wang Shu's striving for integrity, practicing political system, and Liu Daxia's being the commander-in-chief all have a far-reaching vision of governing the country, which embodies the ambition of being a livestock king. Guard against common affairs, count rumors, trace their meaning, be open and aboveboard, be upright and bright, and have a summary of Guchen Festival. It lasts for a long time and enjoys a long eyebrow life. It is eagerly awaited by the ruling and opposition parties and is famous far and wide. "Poetry" praises old age, "Book" calls it yellow hair, and three ministers are close. Forgive a ring with a distant name in order to spread it.

Ji Yun et al.: The History of the Ming Dynasty has enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad for more than 50 years, and it is complete, rigorous and consistent. In the "gathering", for example, taking part in guarding eunuchs and talking about disturbing the people are all straight and there is nothing to protect. For example, the disposal of places and the allocation of ships are all planned in detail and strategically. Others are also related to temporary state affairs and can be used as evidence of historical biography.