Information about the Great Northern Wilderness. And information that later became a rice granary. Hurry up! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tomorrow! ! ! ! ! !

There are three famous black lands in the world: one in the United States-the Mississippi River valley in the United States; One is in Europe-Ukraine on the Dnieper River; One is the Great Northern Wilderness in the northeast corner of China, Asia.

The Great Northern Wilderness is located in Heilongjiang Province, China, and spans 8 latitudes from123 40 ′ E to 1 1 E, and 4410 ′ N to 50 20 ′ N. The total area is 54300 square kilometers. The northern part is an extraordinary Xiaoxing 'anling area. Broad mountains, gentle hills, wide valleys, twists and turns, and countless treasures. The west is Songnen Plain. Nenjiang River runs thousands of miles south from Ilhuli Mountain, joins the Songhua River, embraces the East, and gives people fantastic reverie. To the east is the famous Sanjiang Plain. Heilongjiang flows a thousand miles, Songhua River twists and turns, and Wusuli River is mild and quiet. Three water veins meet quietly in the depths of the plain and flow eastward to the sea. Next to the vast Xingkai Lake, the beautiful Wanda Mountain runs through it. The average elevation is 54 meters, and the slope of110000 constitutes a rare flat terrain.

"Shan Hai Jing Huang Da Bei Jing" contains: "In the desert, there are mountains that are not salty, and there are countries that are immersed in the body." The record of "Su Shenshi" in Shan Hai Jing is proved by historical records. Records of the Five Emperors "Yu's contribution is the greatest ... Kyushu is five thousand miles away, and as for waste service ...". Beishan Rong, Fa, Shen ... Zheng Xuan Note: Shen or, Northeast Yi. "Biography of the Three Kingdoms Wei Zhi Chen Liuwang Huan": In the summer and April of the third year of Jingyuan (AD 262), Liaodong County said that Su Shenguo sent envoys to retranslate and pay tribute. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty states that Su Shen's ancestors lived in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and lived in "there is no salty mountain in the north ... the sea in the east". I quoted three pieces of information from Shan Hai Jing Huang Da Beijing. First, at that time, people had a specific concept of "wild"; Second, people call it the "Buxian Mountain" and the "land of caution" of the Great Northern Wilderness; Thirdly, the "Buxian Mountain" and "the country where the gods live" are more vast and desolate than the Great Northern Wilderness.

According to textual research, there is no salt mountain in Changbai Mountain today, and there is no salt mountain in Laoyeling and Wanda Mountain today. The "East Coast Sea" refers to this sea today. At that time, Su Shen tribe was active in the area from Mudanjiang Valley to the lower reaches of Heilongjiang, and its center was in Ning 'an County of Mudanjiang Valley. The first year of Tang Dynasty (AD 697) was called Bohai Sea (AD 697 -926). Today, Mudanjiang, Hongxinglong and Jiansanjiang in Heilongjiang Reclamation Area are all located in the areas where ancient Su Shen tribes lived. During the Xia and Zhou Dynasties, Su Shen, an ancestor of Manchu, had frequent contacts with the Central Plains. After the Warring States Period, the Lou people here surrendered to the Qin and Han Dynasties and paid tribute every year. During the Tang and Five Dynasties, Bohai wrote a prosperous history here for more than 200 years, but it was finally strangled by Qidan. The fierce Jurchen rose in the Ashe River valley, where hundreds of developed towns appeared. Genghis Khan's brave cavalry broke through thousands of miles of gold trenches and swept through the black water, destroying most towns in the war; During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there was land reclamation here, but it was only a flash in the pan. In the Qing Dynasty, in order to consolidate the ancestor "Longxingzhi"

Land ",unexpectedly ordered the cancellation of reclamation, and implemented the" closed door "policy for 200 years, which made the ethnic minorities with limited population isolated from the world for a long time, poor and backward, and weak border defense. Later, they had to cede large areas of land to powerful neighbors; During the Republic of China, bureaucrats, warlords and rich gentry competed for land, monopolized wasteland and took the opportunity to make a fortune, but the reclamation area was limited; After the "September 18th Incident", the Japanese invaders concocted a huge plan to emigrate one million households and five million people within 20 years, forcibly evicted them, plundered them by force, and occupied a large amount of cultivated land in Heilongjiang. However, the development in the hinterland of the Great Northern Wilderness suffered a fiasco, and many members of the pioneering group were buried in the swamp. On the eve of Japan's surrender, members of its pioneering group burned houses, destroyed machinery and water conservancy projects, and caused a large area of land to be barren.

1947, the first batch of veterans moved from the war-torn battlefield to the Great Northern Wilderness, which has been buried for thousands of years, according to the important instructions of the CPC Central Committee on "establishing a consolidated base area in the Northeast", and created the first batch of state-owned mechanized farms, which ignited the fire of the Great Northern Wilderness agricultural reclamation cause and kicked off the development and construction of the Great Northern Wilderness.

Around 1958, according to the strategic decisions of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission,140,000 demobilized officers and soldiers,100,000 intellectuals and 200,000 youths from Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Harbin and Shandong came here one after another to start large-scale development and construction. Sixty-eight years later, another 540,000 urban educated youth and a large number of active servicemen gathered here from all directions of the motherland to develop and build the Great Northern Wilderness on a large scale in a vast wasteland. After half a century's efforts, the largest state-owned farm group in China has been built.

From the establishment of the first batch of state-owned farms to the end of 1978, a business in Beidahuang experienced three stages: arduous pioneering stage, rapid development stage and tortuous progress stage.

Effort stage (1947 to 1956).

This is the year of 10, and the agricultural cause of the Great Northern Wilderness has begun to take shape.

The CPC Central Committee issued the important instruction of "establishing a solid base area in Northeast China", and the pioneers who reclaimed virgin land created.

The first batch of state-owned mechanized farms such as Ning 'an, Tongbei and Zhao Guang were built. Among them, disabled revolutionary soldiers are surprisingly easy

A number of Invalides farms, such as Ilaha and Valki River, were established, which effectively promoted the development of agricultural reclamation in the Great Northern Wilderness.

Exhibition.

The Second Division of Agricultural Construction of the People's Liberation Army moved to the Great Northern Wilderness and established the 290, 29 1 regiment.

A number of agricultural farms in the Second Division and local collectives changed jobs, which created the mobilization of the whole army in the history of world military reclamation.

Reclaiming land from the sea is the first time.

In addition, under the advocacy of General Wang Zhen, the demobilized officers and men of 9 divisions of the Railway Corps went to the Great Northern Wilderness and founded the Eighth Division.

50, 852 and the establishment of a number of comprehensive semi-mechanized railway corps farms and railway corps general administration of land reclamation, for the north.

The development and construction of the eastern part of the Great Wilderness laid an important foundation.

Rapid development stage (1957 to 1966).

This is the 10 year from the beginning to the rapid development of the Great Northern Wilderness.

The Ministry of Agriculture held the first national working conference on state-owned farms, discussed and adopted the overall plan of developing state-owned farms in the second five-year plan, and made strategic arrangements for large-scale reclamation in Northeast China, Northwest China and South China.

The Central Military Commission issued the Instruction on Mobilizing 100,000 Cadres to Demobilize and Participate in Production and Construction. The Opinions on Developing Military Reclamation Farms adopted by the Central Chengdu Conference fully affirmed the important role of military reclamation farms in stationing and guarding the border areas. In the meantime, General Wang Zhen personally led 65,438+10,000 demobilized soldiers into the Great Northern Wilderness, launched a large-scale reclamation campaign on the Sanjiang Plain, and created a number of state-owned farms such as Junchuan, Mingshan, Jiang Bin and Jun Yan.

While 654.38 million demobilized officers and men marched into the Great Northern Wilderness, famous poets Ai Qing, famous dramatists Wu Zuguang and Yan, famous writers and painters Nie Gannu and Ding Ling, and a group of college graduates, experienced teachers, doctors and journalists, as well as more than 654.38 million "Rightists" who were wrongly classified as directly under the authority in the anti-rightist struggle came to the Great Northern Wilderness one after another.

Stages of tortuous progress (1967 to 1978).

This is 12 years, and the cause of reclamation in the Great Northern Wilderness is struggling to move forward in the face of serious setbacks.

Just as the cause of the Northern Wilderness was developing vigorously, the "Cultural Revolution" that lasted for 10 years swept across the country. At this stage, the development suffered serious setbacks, the labor productivity dropped sharply, and the production and operation conditions deteriorated. However, the people of the Great Northern Wilderness still persist in carrying forward the spirit of hard struggle and persistently push forward the cause of agricultural reclamation.

From 1968 to 197 1, young intellectuals in large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Harbin rushed to the Great Northern Wilderness in response to Chairman Mao's call that "young intellectuals go to the countryside and receive re-education from poor and middle peasants".

China's "educated youth movement to the countryside" began in 1950s, reached its climax in the Cultural Revolution, and came to an abrupt end in the late 1970s. 1970- 1985: the characteristic of this period is that the review and reflection on the movement of educated youth going to the countryside began slowly, but the real research in China was still frozen. 1986- 1994: during menarche, with the development of the cultural revolution, the study of "educated youth" began to attract academic attention, and the first batch of research articles appeared. During this period, the phenomenon of "educated youth culture" represented by the "old three fever" continued to heat up, and a large number of memoirs appeared, which created a good atmosphere for extensive and in-depth study of "educated youth" and accumulated it.

Very rich information. 19951-1999: The climax, the 30th anniversary of the Cultural Revolution and the educated youth going to the countryside are important opportunities. During this period, the study of educated youth reached a climax, showing an all-round development trend and achieved fruitful results. The arrival of educated youth has improved the cultural quality of workers in reclamation areas, added new strength to the development and construction of the Great Northern Wilderness, and especially played an important role in the improvement of farm production technology, the development of cultural, educational and health undertakings, and the change of workers' thinking and lifestyle.

After the great practice of starting a business, Beidahuang has become a veritable Beidacang, and people's dreams for thousands of years have finally come true.

After half a century's efforts, the largest state-owned farm group in China has finally been established. It has formed an annual production capacity of 654.38+0.5 billion Jin of commodity grain, which can meet the annual rations of the commanders and soldiers of the three municipalities directly under the Central Government of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai and the three armed forces of the People's Liberation Army, and has become an important national commodity grain base and grain strategic reserve base.

The existing land control area of the reclamation area is 54,300 square kilometers, which is 1.6 times that of Hainan Province. Among them, the cultivated land area is 3 1.23 million mu. Agricultural posts occupy 100 mu of cultivated land, which is 16.25 times of the national average. The level of labor productivity in reclamation areas is high, with an average of 30,000 kilograms of grain per agricultural post, which is equivalent to the level of France, Italy and Britain. The population of reclamation area is 6.5438+0.58 million, 9 sub-bureaus, 654.38+0.04 farms, with 698,000 employees, accounting for 48.5% of the urbanized population. The total assets of the reclamation area have reached 50 billion yuan, and the accumulated production of grain and beans is 276.59 billion Jin, and the national commodity grain is 654.38+089.65 billion Jin. At the same time, it provides a large number of non-staple foods such as meat, eggs, milk and sugar, industrial raw materials and finished products.