Canberra region

Canberra is the capital of the Commonwealth of Australia, located in an open valley in the mountains of southeastern Australia. East longitude 149 07', south latitude 35 17', covering an area of 2,395 square kilometers, with a population of 4 10300 and an altitude of 760 meters. The Moranglo River runs through the city and flows into the Malanbiji River in the west. Originally a sheep farm, it was built as planned in 19 13, and the federal government moved here from Melbourne in 1927. The national political center, with banking, catering and public services as the main economic sectors, has railways connecting major cities, and has educational institutions such as Australian National University, Canberra University and Australian National Library. There is a space navigation and tracking station in the southwest of the city. Tourism is booming. The climate is mild, the four seasons are distinct, the annual rainfall is average, and there are sunny days in all seasons.

As the political center of Australia, Canberra has many government departments and diplomatic institutions such as the Australian Parliament Building and the Australian High Court. It is also home to social and cultural institutions of many countries, such as the Australian War Memorial, the Australian National University, the National Gallery of Australia, the National Museum of Australia, the National Library of Australia and the Australian Sports Association. The Australian Army Headquarters and the main military education institutions, Dentron Royal Military Academy and adfa, are also located in Canberra.

After World War II, at the initiative of Premier robert menzies, the National Capital Development Committee with executive power was established, and Canberra began to flourish as a new capital.

Canberra is a young city. As early as 100 years ago, it was still a barren land in the foothills of Kosi Asco, Australia. It was discovered in 1820, and later immigrated to build a pasture. 1840 developed into a small town. 190 1 year, after the establishment of the Australian federal government, the two major cities, Sydney and Melbourne, argued endlessly about the issue of building the capital, which lasted for 89 years. Until 19 1 1, the federal government passed a resolution to choose a place with good weather and mountains and water between the two cities to build a new one. This is the prototype of Canberra.

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Canberra

19 12, the federal government held a worldwide urban design competition. A year later, Congress chose the scheme of 36-year-old Chicago landscape architect Walter Burley Griffin from the 37 versions of/kloc-0. The street map of Canberra drawn by this designer was drawn by him and his wife (also an architect) on a piece of cotton cloth. This precious original is still kept in the Australian National Archives. During the construction, due to the suspension of World War I, * * * took 14 years, was completed in 1927, and moved its capital here. Later, we discussed the name of the new capital for a long time, and finally chose the traditional name of local residents-Canberra, which means "gathering place" and the people also call it "gathering place".

Seasonal climate

Canberra has a subtropical monsoon humid climate; The subtropical monsoon humid climate is mainly distributed on the east coast of the mainland at 25-35 north latitude, and it is a zone where tropical marine air masses and polar continental air masses alternately control and compete with each other.

12-February is summer, with plenty of sunshine during the day and the temperature around 26 degrees Celsius. You just need to wear simple clothes.

September-165438+1October is spring, with sunny weather and full of vitality everywhere.

March-May is autumn, which is the best time for outing.

June-August is winter, and the weather is very cold, which is the best season for skiing.

The summer temperature in Canberra can sometimes reach 40℃, but the average summer temperature is 27℃. In winter, the weather is clear and sunny, and the average temperature is 1 1℃, but in the coldest July, the temperature can sometimes drop to about 0℃ in the morning.

Urban characteristics

Planning programming

Canberra's urban design is very novel, with circular and radial roads separating administration, commerce and residence. The Griffin Lake Fountain in the city center is a "Captain Cook Memorial Fountain" built to commemorate the 200th anniversary of Captain Cook's landing. The water column is as high as 140m, which is very spectacular. The city is full of green trees and flowers in four seasons. Every September, Canberra holds a flower show, welcoming the arrival of spring with hundreds of thousands of flowers, and is known as the "Garden City of Oceania".

Urban planning in Canberra is influenced by classicism. In planning, baroque planning is combined with classical composition with strong sense of order, the dignity of the capital is combined with garden city life, and the protagonists of urban space give way to natural landscape, which creates a precedent for ecological baroque planning. However, urban planning pays too much attention to the political significance of metaphors behind landscape forms and ignores the basic functions of cities.

ambient atmosphere

Canberra, as the seat of government, parliament building and many diplomatic residences, is located on both sides of Lake Burley Griffin. This is a fashionable modern city. Canberra is a unique city, located in the center of beautiful scenery and lush trees, surrounded by Australia's most charming countryside. The advantages of spacious planned streets, unforgettable modern buildings and natural environment are so obvious. Canberra is also a unique holiday resort. National monuments, colorful nightlife in the city, delicious food, gorgeous art and countless festivals. Various sports, adventures and recreational activities.

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Canberra environment

Careful planning

Unlike those cities that developed from early colonies, or cities that developed by accident because of their beautiful scenery, Canberra was established after careful planning from the beginning. The proposal to establish a new capital was passed in the case that members of the capitals of Sydney and Melbourne did not give up their demands in order to compete for the position in the Federation. 1900, the Australian constitution proposed the establishment of a federal special zone at the seat of the government. 1908, after inspecting 23 regions, Parliament chose a piece of land with an area of 2,359 square kilometers at an altitude of 580 meters and 300 kilometers southwest of Sydney, which was set aside from New South Wales and established the Australian Capital Region.

The attached picture shows the Australian Parliament Building, a landmark in Canberra, which was unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II on May 9th. 1988. The total cost of this building and its surrounding buildings is 1 1 100 million Australian dollars, which is the most expensive building in Australian history.