The vulgar people of vulgar culture moved to Hainan Island.

The Special Significance of Li Nationality Moving into Hainan Island

At the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, an important thing happened in Hainan Island, that is, mainland slang people moved to Hainan, and its leader was Mrs. Xian, who was known as the heroine of slang in Lingnan history.

Mrs. Xian was a native of Gaoliang County (now Maoming City, Guangdong Province) in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and was the wife of Feng Bao, the satrap of Gaoliang in the Liang Dynasty. She is "the leader of South Vietnam in the world, and there are more than 100,000 tribes across the cave", which has great attraction for slang people who migrated to both sides of Qiongzhou Strait. In 534-545, there were more than 1000 Dong people in Hainan and Leizhou Peninsula, which were hundreds of thousands of people, not a small number at that time. In addition, Xian's family was endowed with the Sui Dynasty, led troops south to Hainan to quell the rebellion of separatist forces, and brought a considerable number of slang military forces across the sea to fight. In a sense, this army has also become an immigrant army. What's more, Feng Xian's family brought domestic slaves to the island, which not only promoted the slavery system in Hainan, but also brought a large number of slang people to live here, which brought about the changes in Hainan's population structure and the sharp increase in the number.

According to the research of experts and scholars, the entry of slang also changed the geographical distribution of Hainan's population. In addition to the northwest of the island, they also began to point to the south and southeast of the island, forming an annular zone except the northeast of the island. Up to now, there are still many temples of virtuous ladies in Danzhou, Lingao, Chengmai, Haikou, Ding 'an, Qiongshan and Yacheng, which is an obvious example.

There are few records related to this migration in local chronicles, so people also have doubts. Personally, I think that the earliest local chronicles of Hainan Island is Zhu Ya Chuan compiled by Gaihong in Jin Dynasty, which has long been lost. The oldest local chronicles that can be seen at present are written in the Song Dynasty, so it is not surprising that we can't see a detailed record of this history.

However, there are traces in various historical records, so scholars have made a convincing study of this history.

Scholar Situ Shangji made a very detailed textual research on the migration of Li nationality to Hainan Island in the book "Research on Land Development in the History of Hainan Island", and discussed the scale and influence of its migration as follows:

During the period of Liang Datong (534-545), more than 1000 people joined the clan in Hainan. The memorial hall of Mrs. Zhi Zhonghe Town, the former government of Jixian County, has preserved stone carvings reflecting the feelings of the Li people so far. If we calculate by 20 households per hole, it will be a cluster of more than 20,000 households with a population of100,000.

Bohr is just in the corner of Hainan, and there is not such a large population. Some of them are slang people who moved from the mainland. Because of the "Hainan Boer" mentioned here, its location is not only Hainan Island, but also Leizhou Peninsula. The word "Hainan" didn't refer to this island until after the Song Dynasty. The inscription of Mrs. Si Xi in Daoguang period dates back to this incident, pointing out that Mrs. Xian "recruited thousands of caves in Hainan since Gaozhou", indicating that the scope of Hainan at that time was wider than later. If we combine the Feng family's intervention in Hainan in the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties, it will be more clear that the mainland people moved to the island, not only at the end of the Southern Dynasties, but also at the end of Sui and early Tang Dynasties, which reached its climax due to the realization of the great alliance between the mainland and Hainan people headed by Xian. In addition to the northwest direction of the island, the relocation direction also points to the south and southeast of the island, which is consistent with the development of these areas in the Tang Dynasty.

The main basis of this inference is: (1) In the eleventh year of Emperor Wendi (59 1), Mrs. Tang Muyi gave a gift to 500 households in Linzhen County. In order to take over the administration of the southernmost Jingluo County, she had to send some cronies and slang people to act with her, otherwise it would be difficult to control the local residents. (2) After the death of the Sui Dynasty, Mrs. Sun Ang "ran back to the mountain table, whistling for the chieftain, and there were 50,000 people", and Feng Ang crossed the sea to conquer and sweep away the separatist forces who fled to the island and the car. Feng Ang, a barbarian army, must have a considerable number of soldiers and horses to fight across the sea, otherwise it is impossible to occupy the whole of Hainan. This army is also an immigrant army in a sense. (3) Feng's rule in Hainan left many traces of the flow and distribution of slang people. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Feng Ang was appointed as the secretariat of Gaozhou. He not only owned the states in western Guangdong, but also directly controlled the three states of Ya, Dan and Zhen, which he personally occupied, and seized the military and political power in Hainan. According to Jian Zhen and others, after Ningyuan Estuary escaped from danger, they went to Zhou Zhen and returned to the mainland via wanan county. Along the way, they saw that Feng Xian's descendants were all over the place, living in luxury and wealth. Do not drive out debts (Feng nationality), and send troops to escort to Asia along the way. According to Taiping Guangji, there were only 500 soldiers in Hainan, the highest military and political chief, the satrap of Qiongshan and the envoy of Wuzhou. Feng Chong's debt is only a state deputy, and the soldiers are actually above him. In addition, the Feng family also had a slave-holding system in the hometown of sorghum. When Feng Ang was made King of Yue, there were "ten thousand handmaiden". Along the way, Jian Zhen saw handmaiden from village to village. It took three days to walk from north to south and five days from east to west, which is a reflection of Feng Xian's slave-holding system being introduced into Hainan. So many servants and maids can be used as circumstantial evidence that Feng Xian's family moved a large number of slang people to the island to run hereditary territory. (4) Leaving place names to prove that the language characteristics of slang people are most obvious in the northwest of Feng Xianjia's longest ruling island, such as Danxian and Lingao. As the Song people pointed out: "Danzhou, ... called the mountain Li and lived in it, so it was called Li." Residents in many parts of Guangdong still call these mountains "Li". For example, in Haikang County, there are 13 villages named after the word "Li". There is also Pierre Mountain, ten miles northwest of Lingao County. "There are insects on the top, like snakes, and people regard insects as Pierre." There is a "Pi Ye Shen" in the northwest of the county seat, which is the language trace left by the slang people who once lived here. (5) Material evidence of bronze drums. At present, Guangxi Beiliu bronze drum has been unearthed in Lingshui, Changjiang, Dongfang and Wanning (documented in Wanning), and the same type of bronze drum has also been found in Leizhou Peninsula. Beiliu bronze drums are geographically connected. According to the historical conditions and the development level of handicrafts on the island, bronze drums were not made before the Western Han Dynasty, and it was not until Guangzhou Ji written by Pei Yuan in the Jin Dynasty that "Li Lao made bronze drums", which was also recorded in Geography of Sui Shu. The popular time of Beiliu bronze drum was from Jin Dynasty to Southern Dynasty. It was only after the Southern Dynasties that the slang people on both sides of the strait had close ties and frequent activities that bronze drums or their casting skills spread to the island. The concentrated area of bronze drums is the distribution area of Li nationality, which is a kiss with the southward migration of Li nationality in the era of Mrs. Xian.

After moving to Hainan Island, the influence of slang people on Hainan's history and humanities is also well documented. One of the most prominent examples is that after the Li people moved to Hainan Island, the residents of Hainan Island began to call Li. This should be the result of the integration of slang people with their previous ancestors after they entered the house.

This historical fact can be found in the following historical records:

In (780-805), Du You was appointed as our special envoy Lingnan, saying that "Zhu Min III's insurance is unacceptable, so you can make it flat". This is the earliest Li nationality name in history books. Zhu Jian, or Asia Zhu, refers to Hainan Island.

Liu Xun (887-903) recorded Zibeiwen in Lingbiao Lu, and also recorded that "it is the best policy to shake off the foreigners and Li Coastal, and collect the goods".

Li's Notes on South Vietnam, Tan Cui's Shuo Man and Daoguang Chaoxiu's Guangdong Tongzhi all think that Li is an ancient slang person.

Although the name of Li nationality was first seen in the Tang Dynasty, it was widely used in the Song Dynasty.

"Le Shi Taiping Yuhuan Ji" said: "(Danzhou) ... commonly known as the mountain is Li, living in it, nicknamed Li." This is another explanation of the origin of Li nationality's name.

Fan Chengda's Gui, Zhou's Qu Fei's Generation Beyond the Ridge, Zhu Fan Zhi and Su Shi's Poems on Hainan Island also mentioned the name and situation of the Li nationality. It shows that by the 9th century, the Li nationality in Hainan Island had existed as a nation and was described by people at that time.

The Outline of the History of Ethnic Relations in China, published by China Social Sciences Publishing House, also pointed out that slang people from all over Lingnan ... In addition, some of them moved to Hainan Island and merged with the slang people on the original island to develop into Li nationality.

Through the above discussion and introduction, Li people, as the largest group migration in Hainan Island, are basically credible. However, it is not enough to discuss it here.

If this group migration is an indisputable historical fact, then it is necessary for us to re-examine the cognitive system of Hainan Island's history.

The basis of this view is that in the process of humanistic development, humanistic culture is not necessarily passed down in chronological order, and the final result of the formation of humanistic culture is completed in conquest and assimilation. In other words, the formation of a humanistic culture is based on advanced culture, covering or integrating the previous culture and becoming the main content of humanistic culture in this area. This is especially true in ancient times when the protection of indigenous culture was not valued. This is also one of the main reasons for the demise of many cultures in history.

Therefore, when slang people enter Hainan Island, their attachment to local caves marks the replacement and coverage of this humanistic culture. As a remote control island, the mainstream culture of the Central Plains is valued because of its incompetence and close relationship with the slang people, and it can do something to express this cultural renewal, that is, rename the residents of this island Li.

It is particularly noteworthy that Hainan residents called Li, which also began in the Tang Dynasty after the Sui Dynasty. This kind of time is not as simple as coincidence. It illustrates a basic fact: Hainan people are called Li nationality, which began after vulgarization.

This is a major change in the history of Hainan ancestors. If we can't distinguish this particular historical region carefully when studying the ancestors of Hainan, we will inevitably step into a misunderstanding.

The culture of Hainan ancestors was basically formed in Sui Dynasty and early Tang Dynasty, that is, the group migration of slang people in Chinese mainland. This is the first large-scale migration to Hainan Island, and its leader is Mrs. Xian, who was willingly attached by Hainan ancestors. The essential meaning of attachment is that one culture is conquered by another, and the so-called slang people assimilate the immigrants before Hainan Island. Since then, immigrants in Hainan Island have been dominated by slang culture. I think this stereotype has always interfered with the later historical and humanistic scholars' exploration of the earliest immigrants in Hainan, and even regarded this cultural stereotype as the initial immigration characteristics. Therefore, Hainan immigrants have always been regarded as from the ancient Baiyue clan. Is it directly related to this?

Perhaps a more correct understanding should be that the slang people moved to Hainan Island, which brought great changes to the ancestors on the island and fixed the life and cultural patterns of the residents of Hainan Island. In the future, people's understanding of the history and humanities of Hainan Island is mostly an exposition of the solidified achievements. However, whether the earliest ancestors of Hainan Island were covered up before this migration can still prove that this speculation is groundless from some clues, or that this is the status quo.