National History of Austrian National Anthem

In 400 BC, the Celtics established the kingdom of Norikan here. It was occupied by the Romans in 15 BC. In the early Middle Ages, Goths, Bavarians and alemanni entered the country to live, which made this area Germanic and Christianized. In 996, "Austria" was first mentioned in history books. /kloc-a principality was formed in the middle of the 0/2nd century, and it became an independent country during the Babenburg royal rule. 1278 began the 640-year rule of the Habsburg dynasty. /kloc-At the beginning of the 8th century, the territory of the Habsburg dynasty expanded unprecedentedly. 18 15 After the Vienna Conference, the German Federation headed by Austria was established. 1866 was defeated in the Pu 'ao War and the Confederacy was dissolved. 1867 signed a contract with Hungary to establish the Austro-Hungarian Empire. 19 18 After World War I, the empire disintegrated and the Republic was established. 1938 was annexed by Hitler Germany in March. After World War II, it was successively occupied by the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France. The Second Republic was founded in April 1945. 1955 in may, the four occupying powers and Austria signed the treaty on the reconstruction of an independent and democratic Austria, declaring their respect for Austria's sovereignty and independence. On June+10, 5438, the occupation troops retreated and Austria regained its independence. 10/0 On October 26th, the Austrian National Assembly passed permanent legislation, announcing that it would not join any military alliance and would not allow the establishment of foreign military bases on its territory. Since 1965,1October 26th 10 has been designated as the Olympic National Day.

The remains of human activities in Austria can be traced back to the late Paleolithic period. It has been found that the tools, sculptures and paintings on the rock wall in this period are typically represented by the female statues of Willendorf. After entering the Neolithic Age, the residents of line pottery culture once lived here. From about 750 BC to 450 BC, it belonged to the early iron age, and the Illyrians created a high-level Hallstatt culture here. In 400 BC, Celts poured in from north and south, and Austria was soon Celticized. In the 2nd century BC, the kingdom of Norikan covering a vast area of the Eastern Alps was established, and economic ties with Italy and Balkan countries began. Clan society began to disintegrate and class relations gradually formed. At the beginning of the 2nd century BC, the Roman Empire expanded to the Danube region, and after peaceful infiltration, it was occupied by armed forces in 15 BC, and the Norikum province of the Roman Empire was established on the basis of the Kingdom of Karte, while East Austria was included in the Panoni province of Rome. Since then, the economy and culture have developed rapidly, and on the basis of Roman barracks and immigrant settlements, cities such as Vienna, Linz and Salzburg have been formed. After 300 AD, Christianity began to spread. In 376, the visigoths (see the kingdom of visigoths) invaded, and this area became a competitive field for great ethnic migration, with Germanic, Xiongnu, Avar and magyars overlapping rule. At the end of the 8th century, Charlemagne of the Frankish Kingdom defeated the Avars and established the frontier earl territory as the eastern border area of Caroline Dynasty. Magyars invaded this area in 88 1 year. In 955, Otto I defeated magyars in the battle of Lechfield and recovered the border area. In 976, Leopold I of the Babenburg family was made Earl of the Borderland by Otto I. He extended his territory to both sides of the Danube and established a new border area. During the period of Heinrich II (1141~177), the territory expanded northward until it reached the "forest area" in the north. 1 156 was promoted to the principality and moved to Vienna, and the Babenburg family reached its peak. Since then, it has become a hereditary principality of the Holy Roman Empire. 1246, Frederick II (the combatant), the last king of the Babenburg family, was killed in the battle with magyars, and the male heir of the family was cut off. Otakar II of Bohemia was the Austrian Duke, whose territory was divided between Hungary and Bohemia. The Babenburg family ruled the Principality for 270 years (976 ~ 1246), with 12 rulers successively. In the past three centuries, productivity has been developed. In Leopold V the Virtuous, culture flourished and the church became the center of theology and general culture. This period is called the "golden age" of the Middle Ages. 1273, the vacancy period of the Holy Roman Empire ended. Rudolph I of Habsburg family was elected as the German emperor (1273 ~ 129 1 reigned), and recovered the divided Babenburg territory in 1278, from which the Habsburg family began to rule. Frederick III, the grandson of Rudolf, lost the battle with Switzerland in 13 15 and Bavaria in 1322, and lost the territory south of the Rhine. Since then, the rule of the Habsburg family has become the rule of Austria. 1335 Albrecht II (lame) was awarded to Kenton and Klein. From 1379 to 1438, the territory of the dynasty expanded to Foulhade Berg in the west and Trieste in the south. From 1438, except 1742 ~ 1745 to 1806, the rulers of the Habsburg dynasty in Austria kept the titles of German emperor and holy Roman emperor. In terms of territorial expansion, Emperor Maximilian I surpassed his predecessor. Through marriage, he acquired Burgundy and Holland in 1482, and through the marriage of his children, he acquired the huge Spanish and Spanish colonies and Naples-Sicily. During the reign of Charles V (15 19 ~ 1556), Austria's territorial expansion reached its peak and was called "Japanese Empire". From 152 1 to 1522, Charles V sealed part of its territory to his brother Ferdinand. From then on, the Habsburg family was divided into the Habsburg dynasty in Spain and the Habsburg dynasty in Austria.