Origin of Hakka in Heyuan

The origin of Hakka in Heyuan can be traced back to the reign of Qin Shihuang. The so-called Hakkas refer to the Han nationality in the Central Plains, who have been moving southward since the Qin and Han Dynasties. And gradually superimposed and stubbornly preserved the culture and language of the Central Plains. The Eastern Jin Dynasty moved south during the war and began to become a resident group with a "special identity", and in the subsequent migration, it gradually formed a Hakka family with a unique style today. Hakka clan is a branch of Han nationality in China. The most obvious feature of Hakka is Hakka dialect, which is one of the eight dialects of Han nationality.

History of Hakka's southward migration

Historically, Hakkas who entered Guangdong have moved south six times, sometimes for more than 2,000 years.

The first migration: Heyuan was originally the territory of Gulongchuan. In the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (2 14 BC), the Qin Dynasty sent troops to pacify Lingnan, set up Longchuan County, and pacify Zhao Tuo, deputy commander of Lingnan, as Longchuan county magistrate. Later, he was entrusted by Ren Xiao, commander of Nanhai County, to take charge of Nanhai County. In 204 BC, in order to prevent the war in the Central Plains from harming Lingnan, Zhao Tuo established Nanyue Kingdom in Lingnan, calling itself the King of Nanyue. South Vietnam lasted 93 years, of which Zhao Tuo was in power for 67 years. Zhao Tuo served as the county magistrate of Longchuan, established Nanyue State, and made immortal contributions to the development of Lingnan. He brought the Central Plains culture and changed the barbaric and backward customs of Baiyue people in Lingnan. He carried out the policy of "living with Yue" and "gathering Baiyue", which promoted the integration of Han nationality and Baiyue nationality in the Central Plains. He left hundreds of thousands of troops in Lingnan and became the first batch of northern immigrants to move south, which laid the foundation for later generations of Zhongyuan people to move to Lingnan. When Zhao Tuo was in charge of Longchuan County, in order to solve the problem of replenishing slurry for the soldiers stationed here, he wrote to the imperial court and asked for the allocation of 30,000 northern women. As a result, the court promised him "fifteen thousand". Soldiers and their families who stayed here became the earliest Hakka ancestors. Therefore, Heyuan is the earliest place where Hakka people live together, a veritable "Hakka ancient town", one of the important cradles of Hakka culture and one of the important cradles of Lingnan culture.

Second Migration: During the reign of Emperor Huaidi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty from 3 17-879, due to the invasion of the Central Plains by northwest ethnic minorities, a situation of "five barren China" which had a far-reaching impact on the Han nationality was formed, and many officials and people in the Central Plains also crossed the Yellow River to the south. In order to avoid confusion with the original household registration, these new household registration are called "guests". This is the first time that the word "guest" has appeared in China Citizen Travel Service.

The third migration: from 880 to 1 126. At the end of the Tang Dynasty,

The mutiny and the "Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms" caused chaos in the world. Hakka ancestors migrated from their homes in Anhui and Jiangxi to the south of the Yangtze River, the northwest of Fujian and the north of Guangdong.

The fourth migration: During the period of 1 127- 1644, Jin and Yuan invaded one after another and crossed to the south. During this process, many Hakkas were lucky enough to participate in the Wang Qin War to defend the Song Dynasty and resist the Yuan soldiers. After the demise of the Song Dynasty, they had to retreat to more remote eastern Guangdong, northern Guangdong and southern Guangdong.

Fifth Migration: During the period of A.D. 1645- 1843, Emperor Kangxi gave 8 taels of silver to each man and 4 taels to women and children, encouraging Hakkas to emigrate to Sichuan, Guangxi and Taiwan Province provinces. Comrade Zhu De's ancestors, who have always been proud of Hakkas, moved from Shaoguan to Sichuan in this migration.

The sixth migration: after 1866, it happened at the end of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. Hong Xiuquan, leader of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, is a Hakka. After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, many Hakkas moved to the remote south and even overseas areas such as Southeast Asia under the pressure of the Qing government.

In 2008, experts and scholars from all over the country witnessed a special decision made by the Standing Committee of Heyuan Municipal Committee to list Zhao Tuo as the ancestor of Hakkas in Longchuan County, Heyuan.