What is the smallest island in the world?

The smallest island in the world

Nauru

Nauru, located in the Micro Nia Islands in the central and western South Pacific, is called "Paradise Island".

Capital: Aaron.

This island country in the Pacific Ocean is located 60 kilometers south of the equator, with an area of only 24 square kilometers. It has a population of over 5,000, of which 58% are Nauruans. Nauru is a branch of McLaren, which is a mixed type of Malai, melanesians and Polynesian, and its common language is English. Most Nauru people believe in Christianity, and a few believe in Catholicism.

Nauru is a volcanic island; Nauruans have lived on this island for thousands of years. Although Nauru is small, it has been occupied many times: 1798, British ships sailed here for the first time; 1888 became a colony of the German Empire; 1914165438+10, Britain hired Australian troops to occupy the island; 19 19, the League of Nations placed this small island under the control of Australia, Britain and New Zealand. During World War II, it was occupied by Japan; After World War II, 1947 was entrusted by the United Nations to Australia, Britain and New Zealand. 1964, the United Nations proposed to move Nauruans to Curtis Island in northern Australia, which was strongly opposed by Nauruans. 1968 65438+1October 3 1 Nauru declared its independence and became a special member of the Commonwealth in the same year165438+1October (not attending the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting).

After Nauru became independent, Hamel Drobout served as President for a long time. From February 1976 to April 1978, bernard dowiyogo was president. From April to May, 1978, Lagumot Harris was president. 1978 in may, drobout was re-elected as president and was re-elected for many times. 1September 1986 19, Drobout resigned due to a dispute with the parliament, and Kenan Adian was elected president. However, 14 years later, Adian stepped down because of the distrust of the parliament, and Drobout became president again. In the general elections of 1987 and 1, Drobout was re-elected. 17 August 17, the parliament passed a no-confidence motion against Drobot and elected Kenas Aroi as president. In the same year 12, Dowiyogo defeated Deroburt and was elected president.

Nauru pursues a non-aligned policy and advocates friendly exchanges with people of all countries. Nauru is a member of the South Pacific Forum and the South Pacific Commission, and signed the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty in July 1986, establishing diplomatic relations with Britain, the United States, Japan, New Zealand, Australia and other South Pacific island countries.

Nauru has a tropical rainforest climate, and there are no rivers in China, with an average daily temperature of about 30 degrees Celsius. In terms of area, Nauru is the smallest of all independent countries. However, its per capita national income is high, and its national welfare is not inferior to that of western countries. Free services such as housing, lighting, telephone and medical care are provided all over the country. For thousands of years, countless seabirds have come to inhabit this island, leaving a lot of bird droppings on the island. After years of chemical changes, bird droppings have become a layer of high-quality fertilizer with a thickness of 10 meter, which is called "phosphate rock". 80% of the country's land is rich in this mineral deposit, and Nauru people "get rich" by phosphate rock, with an average annual income of 8,500 US dollars.

General situation of Nauru

Country name: Republic of Nauru.

Independence Day: 65438+1October 3 1 (1968)

National flag: it is a horizontal rectangle with an aspect ratio of 2:1. The national flag is blue with a yellow stripe in the middle and a white 12 star in the lower left corner. The yellow stripe symbolizes the equator, the blue in the upper part symbolizes the blue sky, the blue in the lower part symbolizes the ocean, and the cape star 12 symbolizes the original 12 tribe in Nauru.

National emblem: the central pattern is the coat of arms. The upper part of the shield consists of small squares, in which the cross-linked triangle pattern is the symbol of phosphate miners. On the left of the lower part of the shield is a frigate bird, and on the right is a "Tomano" green branch flower. At the top of the coat of arms is a white 12 pointed star. The ribbon above the star reads "Nauru" and is decorated with green coconut leaves and blue banana leaves on both sides. The ribbon at the bottom says "God's will comes first" in English.

Physical geography: Located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, it is about 465,438+0km from the equator in the north, 465,438+060km from Hawaii in the east, and 4,000km from Sydney, Australia across the Solomon Islands in the southwest. Covering an area of 24 square kilometers, it is an oval coral island with a total length of 6 kilometers, a width of 4 kilometers and a maximum elevation of 70 meters. Three fifths of the island is covered with phosphate. It has a tropical rainforest climate. Nauru's economy mainly depends on the exploitation and export of phosphate.

Population: 65,438+200,000 (2000 statistics). Among them, Nauruans account for 58%, South Pacific islanders account for 26%, and immigrants are mainly Europeans and China. The national language of Nauru is English, which is widely used. Most residents believe in Protestantism and a few believe in Catholicism.

Capital: There is no official capital, and government agencies are located in Yaren District.

Brief history: Nauru people have lived on the island for generations. The British Bow reached the island on 1798. 1888 Nauru was incorporated into the Marshall Islands Reserve of the German Empire; At the beginning of the 20th century, the British were allowed to mine phosphate here. 19 19 The League of Nations placed Nauru under the jurisdiction of Britain, Australia and New Zealand, and Australia exercised power on behalf of these three countries. 1942- 1945 was occupied by Japan. 1947 became a United Nations trusteeship, and it is still managed by Australia, Britain and New Zealand. 1968 65438+1October 3 1 Nauru independence.

Politics: * * and presidential system. The president is the head of state and government and is elected by the parliament. Parliament is unicameral. Member 18, with a term of three years.

Economy: Nauru has a single economy, mainly mining phosphate rock, and its agricultural products are very limited, mainly coconuts. Almost all food and drinking water depend on imports. Fishery resources are rich and need to be developed. Nau was once the richest man in the Pacific island countries, and his main source of income was to export phosphate to Australia and New Zealand. Due to the imminent depletion of phosphate rock, Nauru has made a large number of real estate investments abroad in recent years with the income from exporting phosphate, but most of the projects are poorly managed and have poor benefits. From 65438 to 0989, the Nau government began to run a fiscal deficit. The Bank of Nauru closed down in 1995, and the Nauru government was in a serious financial crisis. In order to solve the financial problem, the Nauru government has taken measures such as selling five planes and three ships of its airlines and Nauru passports, and limiting the outflow of money, and has begun to implement a comprehensive reform plan with the support of the Asian Development Bank. Starting from 1994, Nau sued the British Phosphate Committee (Australia, Britain and Singapore are members) in the International Court of Justice for destroying cultivated land and environment during the period from 1920 to 1968, and obtained Australian compensation of1070,000 Australian dollars, which will be paid annually within 20 years.

Diplomacy: pursuing a non-aligned policy. Advocate the development of friendly relations with other countries. Nauru is a member of the South Pacific Forum and the South Pacific Commission. Nauru signed the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty on July 1986. Nauru was admitted to the United Nations in September.

Relations with China: On July 2, 20021,China and Nauru recognized each other and established diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial level. At the end of April 2004, President Harris paid a working visit to China.