What are the major wars in American history?

A survey of wars with great influence in China's history: the founding period of People's Republic of China (PRC)

■ American War of Independence1776-1783;

The American War of Independence (1775- 1783), or the American Revolutionary War, was originally a war between the British Empire and its revolutionaries in 13 colonies in North America. At first, the war was mainly aimed at the economic policy of the British Empire, but later, because France, Spain and the Netherlands joined the war against the British Empire, the scope of the war far exceeded that of British North America.

At the same time, many North American Indians were mobilized to participate in the war. During the war, Britain was able to take advantage of its naval superiority to occupy colonial coastal cities, but how to control rural areas made the British army extremely difficult. With the victory of the naval battle in Schabik, the British army surrendered in the battle of Yorktown at 178 1. 1783 Paris Treaty recognized the independence of the United States of America. During the War of Independence, many colonists fled thirteen colonies to escape the war and settled in the north. This war also prepared for Canada's independence in the future. Although the American revolution includes political and social development before and after the war, the terms American revolutionary war and American revolution are often used interchangeably. Only military activities are mentioned here. If you need a broader vision, including the origin and subsequent influence, please refer to the American Revolution. See American Revolution. ■ The Second War between the United States and Britain

18 12- 18 15

After the independence of the United States, the British Empire has been unwilling to fail in an attempt to recapture the colonies. At the same time, the United States also wants to buy western North America and liberate Canada controlled by Britain. 1812 June18, the United States declared war on Britain, and the US military launched an attack on Canada. Because of the shortage of troops, Britain bribed many North American Indians to attack the American army. Soon the American army was defeated, and important cities and fortresses such as Detroit were occupied by Britain.

1865438+In August 2004, the British army mobilized heavy troops from Canada to attack the United States, occupied Washington, the capital of the United States, and burned down the US Capitol and the White House, but it was stubbornly blocked by the US military in Baltimore. In September, the British army attacked new york by land and water, and the British navy was wiped out and retreated to Canada. On February 24th, 65438, Britain and America signed the Ghent Peace Treaty, and Britain confirmed the independence of the United States. 1815 65438+10 In October, British troops attacked New Orleans, but were repelled by American troops. The war is over. In this war, the United States attacked the strong with the weak. Although it did not seize new territory, it made Britain completely give up its intention to conquer the United States. The United States also abandoned its plan to go north to Canada and turned south to attack Mexico.

In addition, from a neutral standpoint, we cannot simply say that Americans are not good to Indians, but Britain is better. Britain may have a better attitude towards American Indians, but it has done much more bad things in other parts of the world than Americans, such as the genocide of local aborigines in the war between Australia and Zulu. ■ westward expansion period (1820-1865)

The westward movement of the United States is a large-scale immigration and colonization movement in the United States, and it is a process of urbanization, industrialization and great integration of the American nation. This westward movement has had a great and far-reaching impact on American economy, politics and society. So far, an American history can be said to be a western colonial history to a great extent. It laid the foundation for the United States to develop into a powerful country.

■ American-Mexican War (1846 ~ 1848)

Plantations in Texas, Mexico, rebelled at 1835 and demanded to be merged into the United States. Mexico sent troops to suppress. So the United States invaded Texas and invaded Mexico. In May, the United States declared war on Mexico.

1846 may18, American troops occupied Matamos to the south, Monterrey in September and Saarti in June 165438+ 10. In June of the same year, Carney led 1700 American troops to the west and captured Mexico and California. 1847 In February, Taylor's troops defeated 14000 Mexican troops led by Mexican President Santa Anna in Buena Vista. In March, under the command of Commander-in-Chief Squet, 65,438+0,000 American troops landed in Veracruz in the Gulf of Mexico. On the 29th, American troops captured Veracruz. On April 18, the US military defeated President Santa Anna and the main force of the General Staff. On May 5th, American troops occupied Puebla and approached Mexico City. In August, American reinforcements arrived, and American troops defeated Mexican troops again in contreras. The two sides held peace talks and the talks broke down on September 7. On September 8, the US military launched an attack on Mexico City, but it was repelled. On June 12, American troops occupied the highlands outside the city and shelled the city walls. 14, American troops invaded Mexico city, 16, took control of the whole city and imposed martial law. The Mexican president was removed from office in June+10, 5438. In June 1847, 1 65438+1October1,Ancio was elected interim president of Mexico, and in June 1848,1,the two sides began peace talks. On February 2, the two sides signed a peace treaty, and Mexico ceded Texas, New Mexico and Upper California. In June 1848, 12, American troops withdrew from Mexico City, and the war ended.

Through this small-scale war, the United States seized 2.3 million square kilometers of land and became a big country across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, which is rare in the world. Mexico, which has just gained independence from Spain for more than ten years, has lost most of its territory and its strength has been greatly weakened. Since then, the United States has gained the status of a great American country.

American Civil War (American Civil War) 186 1 year-1865

■ Causes of North-South Opposition and Conflict —— The situation of "one country, two systems" in the United States

The Civil War, also known as the American Civil War, was the only large-scale military conflict in American history. The two sides involved in the war are the United States of America (referred to as the Federation) and the United States of America (referred to as the Confederacy). 1850, the dispute over slavery between the north and the south of the United States began to heat up. However, the focus of the debate is not whether slavery should be abolished in the southern United States, but whether some newly joined States allow slavery, which is related to the balance of power distribution between free States and slave-holding States in the federal government. The war broke out because 1 1 states in the southern United States withdrew from the Union in 186 1, and another government with Jefferson Davis as the "president" was established, and the federal troops stationed in the south were expelled. President Lincoln decided to attack these "rebellious" states. This war not only changed the political and economic situation in the United States at that time, but also had a great impact on American civil society in the future. At that time, the constitution of the United States was formulated by the earliest 13 state in North America. Later, people in the new areas gained by American expansion did not participate in the constitution-making, so there was a crisis of denying the constitution in the United States. Once the constitution is denied, as an immigrant country, the United States will disintegrate.

The United States and Republican Lincoln opposed the expansion of slavery, so they were greatly hated by southern planters whose main economic lifeline was agriculture. 1860, Lincoln was elected president. For the south, South Carolina first declared its secession at 186 1.

* * * 1860 After the US presidential election, before Lincoln took office, seven states quickly seceded from the Union. These states are:

-South Carolina (1860 65438+February 2 1) Mississippi (186165438+1October 9) Florida (186/kloc-0)

-Georgia (186119), Louisiana (18611October 26th), Texas (/.

1864 In September, the northern army led by General Sherman captured Atlanta in one fell swoop, and two months later began the famous "March to the sea", which completely destroyed various military facilities of the Southern Army and paralyzed the southern economy. On the eastern front, General Grant led the northern army to drive the southern army to Richmond, the capital of the rebel army. At the beginning of 1865, slaves fled to the north, and the plantation economy was on the verge of collapse. The sea blockade imposed by the northern navy almost cut off the trade between the south and Europe. At the same time, there were opposition voices in the south, and many small farmers joined the Federalist and engaged in anti-war activities. There are more and more deserters in the south. Food and daily necessities are scarce. 1April 9, 865, Li's confederate army was trapped in the encirclement of the northern army and was forced to surrender to Grant. The American Civil War ended. The United States is reunified. The civil war eliminated slavery, thus clearing the way for the rapid development of American capitalism. Therefore, it laid the foundation for the United States to become the most advanced industrial and agricultural capitalist country in the world in the19th century. ■ Indian War1865–1890

Black Mountain in South Dakota is a sacred place for Sioux Indians. At that time, the United States and Indians signed an agreement, recognizing that Montenegro will always be a sacred place for Indians, and Indians have the right to prohibit any white people from approaching. 1865, an economic crisis occurred in the United States, and rich mines were discovered in Montenegro, which helped Americans who were in deep economic difficulties find a lifeline. Tens of thousands of gold prospectors went to Montenegro to mine, which triggered an armed conflict between Sioux people and the US government. 1876, the Sioux raised more weapons and bullets than the American Seventh Cavalry Corps stationed there, leading the American Seventh Cavalry Corps into a trap and annihilating it. Therefore, the Sioux people attracted the attention of the American government, and the scale of the war expanded to an unprecedented scale. Sioux people were hunted everywhere and starved, and Sioux people soon surrendered.

Now, in Montenegro, South Dakota, the United States, a mountain sculpture is being made into a statue in memory of Sioux chiefs to commemorate Sioux people. There is also the American Indian Museum to commemorate the history of that year. There are currently 75,000 Sioux people, mainly living on reservations in North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Nebraska.

■ Spanish-American War 1898

Spain, which has declined, is isolated internationally. The people of Cuba and the Philippines launched an armed struggle against Spanish colonial rule, especially Spain's cruel suppression of Cuban insurgents angered Americans and caused tension between the United States and the West. 1898 February 15, the battleship Maine sent by the United States to Cuba to protect overseas Chinese was blown up in Havana harbor. The United States suspected that the Spanish did it, and on April 22, the United States took military action against Spain.