How to transform Mars to make it suitable for human habitation?

In fact, scientists have fully realized that it is not a big problem for astronauts to live on Mars for a period of time in the future, but there must be other ways to immigrate to Mars in large numbers. Of course, the best way is to make Mars suitable for human habitation. So, is this idea possible?

At the end of last year, researchers from various scientific fields held a two-day seminar at the Ames Research Center of NASA in California, with the theme of "Physics and Biology of Building Mars into a Habitat". Cherish McKay, the sponsor of the conference, has completed a number of related studies.

McKay said that the search for life on Mars should be completed before the transformation of Mars. He said: "If we find any life on Mars, we should improve the environment on Mars to improve the chances of this life, instead of turning Mars into an environment suitable for life on Earth."

He believes that for most people, changing the temperature and atmosphere of Mars to make it closer to the Earth seems to be either an absurd dream or a technical challenge in the distant future. However, he pointed out that computer research shows that in the foreseeable future, with this technology, it is possible to make Mars a livable place again.

In this seminar, they discussed the application of "super greenhouse gases", planted coniferous trees on Mars, and carried out biological transgenic projects to make these organisms better adapt to the environmental conditions of Mars, such as low nitrogen in the air. McKay said: "Genetic engineering will bring great changes in many fields, because life on earth is not as severe as life on Mars."

Although Mars is cold and barren now, it used to have a warm and humid climate. It may be that there was a lot of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at that time, which formed a strong greenhouse effect. But later, carbon dioxide was absorbed by rocks and rocks, and Mars became a bitter and cold place.

In order to restore the warmth of Mars, McKay considered installing mirrors in the orbit, which are about 90 kilometers apart from each other, so that the Antarctic ice sheet can melt, create greenhouse gases on the surface of Mars, or let meteorites full of greenhouse gases such as ammonia and methane fall in large numbers. In this way, the average temperature of Mars will be higher than the freezing point of water, which will help the growth of plants. The diffusion and growth of plants will produce enough oxygen, and after thousands of years, Mars will have enough atmosphere for animals to breathe.

According to the research conducted by MacKay and his colleagues, the science and technology used by human beings in the middle of 2 1 century should have a considerable impact and improvement on the biological survival characteristics of the Martian environment. At the very least, it can restore Mars to its former youthful appearance and make it a livable environment.