Poems of small bridges and flowing water.

Bridges and flowing water came from Ma Zhiyuan, Qiu Si, Tianjingsha, Yuan Dynasty.

Whole poem

Tianjin Sha Qiu Si

Author ma, yuan,

Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world.

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At dusk, a group of crows landed on an old tree with withered vines and made a piercing cry. Under the small bridge, the running water jingles, and the farmhouse next to the small bridge raises smoke. On the ancient road, a thin horse struggled against the west wind. The sunset gradually lost its luster and set from the west. On a cold night, only lonely travelers wander in the distance.

To annotate ...

(1) Dead vines: withered branches and vines. Black crow: A crow that returns to its nest at dusk. Faint: in the evening.

(2) people: farmers. This sentence expresses people's yearning for a warm family.

(3) Ancient Road: an old post road (road) that has been abandoned and can no longer be used. West wind: cold, bleak autumn wind. Thin horse: A thin horse.

(4) Heartbroken people: describe people who are extremely sad, and refer to travelers who travel all over the world and are extremely sad.

(5) Tianya: a place far from home.

Make an appreciative comment

This song, written in Yuan Dynasty, expresses the author's strong homesickness at dusk in autumn.

This is Ma Zhiyuan's famous song, and 28 calligraphy and paintings show a lonely place. This song is heartbroken. The author's lyrical motivation can be seen from the title.

In the first two sentences, the old vines make people faint, and the small bridges flow, creating a cold and bleak atmosphere and showing a fresh and quiet realm. The old vines here give people a bleak feeling, and it is already evening. Small bridges and flowing water make people feel relaxed and happy. 12 calligraphy and painting create a quiet pastoral scenery in late autumn.

The ancient road became thinner with the west wind, and the poet described a bleak and desolate artistic conception of autumn wind, adding another layer of desolation to the quiet rural map. The setting sun adds a bit of bleak light to this bleak picture and deepens the sad atmosphere. The poet skillfully connects ten plain and objective scenes in series, and naturally contains the poet's infinite worries in the picture through words such as withered, old, light, ancient, western and thin.

In the last sentence, heartbroken people are the crowning touch in the horizon. At this time, a wandering wanderer appeared on the rural picture in late autumn, leading a thin horse on the desolate ancient road at sunset, wandering around in the face of the biting autumn wind, feeling sad, but not knowing where his home is, revealing the poet's sad feelings and expressing the theme appropriately.

This poem is based on the emotions in the scene to render the atmosphere, express the theme, and perfectly express the melancholy of the wandering travelers. Known as the "ancestor of Qiu Si", Tianjin Sha Qiu Si created a typical environment by sketching, which can set off that kind of homesickness.

Creation background

Ma Zhiyuan was keen on becoming famous when he was young. However, due to the high-handed policy of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, he never succeeded. He lived a wandering life almost all his life, and was depressed and embarrassed because of it. So on the journey of wandering alone, he wrote this song "Tianjingsha Qiu Si". Another scholar thinks that this Sanqu is not the work of Ma Zhiyuan, but the work of Anonymous.

Brief introduction of the author

Ma Zhiyuan was a drama writer and essayist in Yuan Dynasty. No. Dongli, in a word. He used to be a provincial officer in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces (promotion in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces). Retire in old age. There are fifteen kinds of zaju, including Autumn in the Han Palace, Praying for a Blessed Monument, The Story of Yueyang Tower, Ren Fengzi, Sleeping in Chen Tuan, Tears in Shirts, and Dream of the Huangliangmeng, and there is only one left. He also wrote the southern opera The Shepherd. The composition of the play is bold and powerful, and the content shows dissatisfaction with the society at that time, but there is also an ideological tendency to escape from reality and yearn for the fairy road. His achievements in Sanqu are especially famous in the world, including Dongli Yuefu series, with more than 100 poems and 23 episodes.