How to implement quality education in Chinese teaching

The syllabus of full-time primary school Chinese in nine-year compulsory education stipulates that primary school Chinese is an important subject in compulsory education teaching, which is not only instrumental but also ideological. It can be seen that Chinese is a tool for our thinking, learning, communication, survival and development, and the tool of Chinese in primary schools is more obvious. Chinese in primary schools is a basic tool. Stalin's Problems of Marxism and Linguistics said: "Language is a tool and weapon, which people use to communicate with each other, exchange ideas and get to know each other." This word is a written expression of language and a tool for communication and exchange of ideas. Language is a tool, so teaching students to correctly understand and use the Chinese language of the motherland is bound to be a tool class. Secondly, it is the basic tool for primary school Chinese expression and expression. The basic tool of language is that people speak and write in their own language. Chinese is a means for people to express their thoughts and feelings, and Chinese discipline focuses on cultivating students' ability to express their feelings by using language and writing, and developing thinking and elegance in the process of understanding and using language and writing. Without communicative function and emotional meaning, Chinese will become an empty shell, and the instrumentality of Chinese will not be revealed. Therefore, Chinese is a tool to express ideas with thinking as the core. Third, primary school Chinese is a basic tool with strong ideological content. Every text in a Chinese textbook always expresses a certain ideological content. Ideological content and language form coexist and complement each other, which determines the characteristics of the integration of literature and Taoism in Chinese curriculum. Chinese course enables students to reason on the basis of emotion and has a profound and lasting influence on students' thoughts, which determines that Chinese course has a strong ideological content.

First of all, Chinese teaching should permeate ideological and moral education.

The external form of an article, such as language and writing method, is the inseparable unity of the commonly heard "text" and the ideological content of the article, that is, the commonly called "Tao". Language and writing are closely linked with ideological content. Without ideological content, there would be no words and works; Similarly, as long as the work appears, it must contain certain ideological content; You can't say one thing and write an article without ideological content. It can be seen that "the unity of literature and Taoism" exists objectively. The dialectical unity of "Wen" and "Tao" determines the dialectical unity of language training and ideological education. In primary school Chinese texts, both narratives and descriptions of people, things and scenery express certain ideological contents. Teachers should not only teach students to read and write articles, but also let them receive ideological education, improve their ideological understanding and cultivate healthy sentiments. The content of ideological education in Chinese teaching in primary schools includes not only the enlightenment education of dialectical materialism, but also the education of loving the motherland and the people, as well as the moral education of loving science, labor, public property, hard work and plain living, honesty and courage, caring for the collective, unity and friendship and beauty. According to the characteristics of Chinese subject in primary schools, in education and teaching, ideological and moral education for students is based on learning Chinese, and ideological education is carried out in language training. If we don't pay attention to this feature, get rid of words and sentences, and the training of listening, speaking, reading and writing is empty, we will turn Chinese class into political class. If we leave the content of ideological education and conduct language training in isolation, we will turn Chinese class into oral class or a single language training class. In the process of compiling Chinese textbooks for primary schools, great attention is paid to the unity of ideological content and speech form. At the same time of language training, it is more important for students to understand more truth through reading.

Secondly, many texts can further explore the connotation of the content and educate students in personality and ideology. For example, in Zhan Tianyou, Edison Chen, Qiu and other articles, my comrades-in-arms, heroes or images created in the articles are all examples for teachers and students to learn, such as firmness and nobility; Zhan Tianyou's spirit of overcoming various difficulties and winning glory for the country; Edison's spirit of exploration and creation, Qiu's brave and fearless spirit, all inspire students to make progress forever and never bow before difficulties. For example, honest children, proud peacocks, three sides and so on. Let students know that honesty is a virtue, students should help each other, and let students know that they can't be proud at any time; Pride is not allowed and should be criticized. There are many similar articles in primary school textbooks, all of which educate students to be modest, honest, simple, United and friendly. Such a text is actually the best support for our ideological and moral education for students.

Furthermore, through the study of the text content, students can make a comparative analysis of some phenomena after mastering the text content skillfully, thus forming a preliminary concept of love and hate, good and evil, beauty and ugliness. For example, are butterflies and bees the most beautiful? Why? Why should we learn from bees? What can we learn? What is happiness? What is happiness? Don't we know whether we are blessed or not? How to cherish this hard-won happy life? Of the three sons in A Magnificent Brocade, who deserves our recognition and why? In Liu Hulan and Fang Zhimin, who should we love by comparing the images of the hero and the enemy soldiers? Hate who? Why? Articles like this are vivid examples. If our teachers can compare on this basis, or connect with real life, then we can make our students realize many principles of being a man, and thus correct some bad views and practices.

Second, Chinese learning focuses on cultivating students' thinking and application ability in real life.

The Chinese Teaching Syllabus for Primary Schools clearly states that it is necessary to properly handle the relationship among imparting knowledge, developing intelligence and cultivating ability, so as to lay a solid foundation of knowledge. Cultivating ability and developing intelligence, ability is formed and developed in the process of learning and training. Intelligence is the ability of people to know objective things and use knowledge to solve practical problems. Intelligence is usually expressed through observation, memory, imagination and thinking. Knowledge contains human wisdom, which is the basis of forming ability and developing intelligence. Chinese teaching in primary schools requires students to have a good command of listening, speaking, reading and writing. However, in previous teaching, we often advocated "study hard" and "escape from death" to "study", which suppressed the enthusiasm of students to some extent. Students' learning process is often ignored. Only pay attention to the final result, as long as the answers given are written in the exam, even if everything is fine, which is actually far from our Chinese teaching requirements. Our teachers should pay attention to inducing, guiding and guiding students to change from "learning" to "learning", develop good thinking habits and pay attention to the process of solving problems, instead of blindly expressing different views to students and actively expanding their thinking space. When a teacher was teaching Sima Guang, he asked his students to assume that they were in the same situation. What should they do? Students immediately think of methods such as "I am the master" and "pull up", and the teacher guides students to compare their own methods one by one, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, and finally choose the best method. This not only deepens students' understanding of the text, but also helps them to think about the problems they encounter in life and solve them. When teaching the text "Little Monkey Down the Mountain", some students praised the little monkey for constantly pursuing better, and some students criticized Gong Yu: It's too stupid, and each has its own reasons. We should all affirm it. Even some students put themselves in the text and assume that they are the protagonists in the text. At this time, his thinking is more extensive and profound. The ultimate goal of learning Chinese is to train students to step into society. How to treat the thinking ability of people and things. Not just some words in the text. In other words, Chinese education and teaching is to cultivate students' thinking ability, understanding ability and application ability.

Thirdly, Chinese class is an important position for us to carry out aesthetic education.

Children's aesthetic vision is very keen, but most of them are perceived from artistic images. Our teachers infect students with beautiful artistic images and poetic language, guide students to appreciate the beauty of images, feelings and words in articles, and create important places of beauty, thus cultivating students' ability to feel all kinds of beauty and improving their ability to distinguish beauty from ugliness. Develop their ability to create beauty, shape their beautiful hearts, cultivate their morality and habits of pursuing all kinds of beauty, and serve the construction of the two major socialist civilizations.

The Chinese class in primary schools shows the beauty of nature from many angles, all directions and at many levels with concise and beautiful language. The north and south of the motherland, mountains, grasslands, rivers, flowing water and beautiful scenery all revolve around people to enjoy the beautiful scenery, which will make people fascinated and fascinated and bring us into a colorful and dazzling world. For example, the poem "Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets soaring into the sky" is written in four words, but it also writes four colors: yellow, green, cyan and white, but it is not at all chaotic. Like a pastel painting, it presents beautiful spring scenery and quiet scenery to our eyes, which is very natural and harmonious. In addition, different forms of things in nature can also bring people beautiful enjoyment. The mountains in Guilin, the scissors-like tails of swallows, and even different leaf shapes are all full of flavor and sound. With the help of hearing, people can also enjoy relaxing entertainment. Children sing, the brook plays the piano, the rain hits the banana, the wind blows through the bamboo forest, the waterfall swoops down, the waves of the Yellow River and so on. All kinds of voices are great movements in writers' works, and people often can't help but immerse themselves in them.

Nature is beautiful, but what about the beauty in life? Where is it? A poet said: Life is not a lack of beauty, but a lack of discovery. Beauty in life has many contents, such as beauty and labor; The pursuit and struggle of science are beautiful, and they are linked with life, so that people's students can understand that human beauty can be divided into appearance beauty and soul beauty. Sometimes, the beauty of appearance and the beauty of mind are unified and harmonious, and sometimes, ugly souls are hidden under the gorgeous appearance. Through the study of the text, people's students can understand that the beauty of the soul is the real beauty. As Plato said, "the beauty of the soul should be more precious than the beauty of the body." Through learning, students can recognize the true and false, distinguish the beautiful from the ugly, improve their appreciation ability, cultivate a new generation with beautiful mind and personality, and create a harmonious and beautiful social atmosphere. By studying the text, we can educate students to love labor, science, justice and hard work, and create a better future with our own efforts. At the same time, with the help of teaching materials, students can be influenced by art, feel the beauty of art from the text, cultivate a preliminary aesthetic view, and consciously resist the corrosion and influence of vulgarity.

In a word, Chinese is not only Chinese knowledge, but more importantly, we can feel the fun of learning from Chinese class and use what we have learned flexibly. When teaching Chinese, our teachers should not only impart knowledge, but also give full play to the advantages of Chinese subject, taking Chinese subject as an important garden to cultivate students' morality and personality, so that students can truly become qualified talents with excellent morality, sound personality, rich knowledge and strong ability in the new century.

References:

The origin of Marxist philosophy

Chinese syllabus for primary schools

Books 1-12 of Chinese textbooks for primary schools

China Education News