The population of Hefei

At the end of 20 15, the permanent population of the city was 7.79 million, an increase of 94,000 over the previous year, with an increase of1.2%; Compared with the sixth census of Hefei in 20 10, the population increased by 333,000, with an average annual growth rate of 0.9%. The proportion in the province is 12.7%.

By the end of 20 15, the net inflow of permanent residents in our city was 6130,000, an increase of 45,000 or 7.9% over the end of last year, of which the net inflow of urban permanent residents was12.43 million.

Among the permanent residents in the city, the urban resident population is 5.484 million, an increase of1660,000 over the previous year, accounting for 70.4% of the total population (urbanization rate of permanent residents), an increase of 1.3 percentage points over the previous year; The rural population was 2.306 million, 72,000 fewer than the previous year, accounting for 29.6% of the total population.

At the end of 20 15, there were 3.949 million men in the permanent population, accounting for 50.7% of the total population; The female population is 384 1 000, accounting for 49.3% of the total population. The sex ratio of the total population is 102.8 (female is 100), which is basically the same as that of the previous year.

At the end of 20 15, among the permanent residents, the population aged 0- 14 was 1 165000, accounting for 15.0% of the total population, down by 0.5 percentage point over the previous year; 15-64 years old population 5719,000, accounting for 73.4% of the total population, an increase of 0.4 percentage points; The population aged 65 and over was 906,000, accounting for 1 1.6% of the total population, an increase of 0. 1 percentage point.

With the continuous influx of migrant workers, the proportion of working-age population has increased, and the total dependency coefficient of the city's population has continued to decline, reaching 36.2% in 20 15, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous year. Among them, the child dependency ratio was 20.4%, down 0.6 percentage points from the previous year; The old-age dependency ratio 15.8%, 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous year.

At the end of 20 15, the per capita education years in the city were 10.8 1 year, an increase of 0.67 years over the end of last year. Among them, the average educational years of both men and women exceeded 10 years, which were110.39 years and/kloc-0.19 years respectively, which were 0.7 years and 0.57 years higher than the previous year.

/kloc-among the population aged 0/5 and above, the population with primary and junior high school education accounted for 45.2%, down 7 percentage points from the previous year; The population with high school education or above accounted for 49.6%, an increase of 7.9 percentage points over the previous year, of which the population with college education or above accounted for 30.9%, an increase of 7. 1 percentage point over the previous year. The illiteracy rate of the city's total population was 4.69%, down by 0. 15 percentage points over the previous year.

From 20 1 65438+1October1to 20051October 3 1, the city's birth population was 82,000, and the birth rate was 10.52‰, up by 0.39 thousandth over the previous year. The death toll was 34,000, with a mortality rate of 4.32‰, up by 0.29‰. The population naturally increased by 48,000 people, with a natural growth rate of 6.2‰ and an increase of 0. 1‰.

In 20 15, the GDP of Hefei was 566.03 billion yuan, the fiscal revenue was/kloc-0.005 billion yuan, the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 236 trillion yuan, the total industrial output above designated size reached 930 billion yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 20/kloc-0.83 billion yuan, and the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 32,080 yuan. The per capita disposable income of rural residents reaches 3,300. Hefei is rich in agricultural, aquatic and animal husbandry resources, suitable for planting crops such as rice, wheat, cotton, oilseeds, vegetables, melons and fruits, hemp and developing pigs, poultry and fisheries.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, according to legend, Sun Yin Shuai, commander-in-chief of Chu State, built the earliest Li Bai water storage dam in Hefei-Shaopo (Anfengtang, Shouxian County) to irrigate more than 40,000 mu of farmland in the Fei River and the Fei River basin north of Hefei. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hefei began to implement Niu Geng-coupled agriculture. In the 3rd ~ 4th century, a large number of Central Plains people moved south. They used this terrain to build ponds and dams and prepare for terraces.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao stationed troops in Chaohu Lake and began to reclaim land. After the Southern Song Dynasty, the paddy fields along the Chaohu Lake increased, gradually forming the polder grain-producing areas in the south of Hefei and the miscellaneous grains grain-producing areas in the northern hilly areas. In the second year of Song Taiping's Xingguo (977), five million buckets of grain were transported to Beijing along Chaohu Lake. During the reign of Yongzheng and Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1723- 1795), Hefei's agriculture developed greatly. However, since the 10th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1884), because the Qing government encouraged farmers to plant opium in large quantities, Hefei has "one in ten" cultivated land, so "barren land and grain decreased". At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the great warlord Li Hongzhang and his six brothers each occupied more than 65,438+10,000 mu of land in Hefei, and farmers were exploited. In addition, frequent disasters make agriculture even more bleak. According to a letter from Hunan, Hubei and Anhui provinces to the Kuomintang Central Committee on August 25th, 2002, "The cost of farmers' farming and the value of clearing grain cannot be compensated. According to the report of the thirty-second year of the Republic of China, Hefei county has a land area of 18888 square kilometers, a population of 1.274 million, 474,000 mu of cultivated land, a total grain output of 1.83 billion Jin, and a per capita grain of 1.43.6 Jin. "In 36 years of the Republic of China, according to the statistics of Anhui Tianfu Grain Management Institute, Hefei County produced 2,099,368 grains of rice, accounting for 27.6% of the total grain output. It produces 5502587 grains (barley and wheat), accounting for 72.4% of the total grain output. Hefei mainly produces miscellaneous grains. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the people's government vigorously developed water conservancy. 1957, the grain planting area increased from 6.482 million mu to 7.941000 mu, including paddy fields from 2.898 million mu to 3.673 million mu. This is the fastest-growing period in Hefei's agricultural history. 1958 to 1965, due to blindly promoting double-cropping rice and increasing labor input, the cost of means of production increased, but the output did not increase. From 1966 to 1978, because grain is the key link in agricultural production, the production stagnated and the output hovered because of egalitarianism in distribution and blind command in management. The grain output in Feidong County is inversely proportional to 1976 and less than 1957. Double cropping rice 1977 was planted in Changfeng county, with a yield of 585 kg. Although it is 87 kg more than mid-season rice in one season, except for the expenses of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and water charges, it is still a huge loss. In addition, deforestation destroyed the ecological environment. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, agriculture developed rapidly. According to the statistics of 1985, the total cultivated land area of Feidong, Feixi and Changfeng counties, suburbs and Shushan town in Hefei City is 4 17000 mu, of which 2804379 mu is paddy field, accounting for 67.2% of the total cultivated land area. Dryland 136847 1 mu, accounting for 32.8% of the total cultivated land. The effective irrigated area of farmland in the city is 365,438+10,000 mu, accounting for 74% of the total cultivated land area. The total number of farmers is 6 18399, the agricultural population is 2708455, and the per capita cultivated land is 1.54 mu; Labor force 1232239, accounting for 45% of the total agricultural population, with 3.38 mu of cultivated land per capita.

There are 5 city and county agricultural research institutes and 1 vegetable research institute/kloc-0. Changfeng County and Feixi County have established agricultural science and technology centers. Agricultural technology stations have been established in 2 1 district of the city. Cities and counties have seed, plant protection and soil fertility workstations. There are 6 seeds and seed farms, with planting area of 1.5 million mu of improved hybrid rice and 300,000 mu of hybrid watermelon. The total agricultural output value of the city is 65.438+36.5 billion yuan, which is 4.57 times of 654.38+0.949. The total grain output is 310.06 billion Jin, which is 4.5 times that of10.949; The total output value of animal husbandry is 30 1 100 million yuan; The total output of aquatic products is 1399 tons, and the output value is 0.3 1 100 million; Forestry output value140,000 yuan. Every year,14.54 million Jin of vegetables are listed, with 0.73 Jin of vegetables per capita. The total output value of township enterprises is 5330 1 100 million yuan. Over the past 30 years, the afforestation area in Hefei has been 369 1.43 mu, with an average annual afforestation of 6,344 mu. According to the statistics of 1985, the cultivated land area in Hefei accounts for 6.28% of the whole province, the agricultural population accounts for 5.93% of the whole province's agricultural population, the grain output accounts for 7.7% of the total agricultural output value, and the total agricultural output value accounts for 7.89% of the whole province's agricultural output value. Feixi, Feidong and Changfeng counties in Hefei are all national commodity grain production bases. Hefei machinery industry began to sprout in the 1920s, but its real development was after the founding of New China.

1949~ 1957 is the foundation stage of Hefei industry. At the beginning of this stage, Hefei industry was in the stage of handicraft production recovery and development, with an annual total industrial output value of10 million yuan. Starting from 1954, Hefei began to invest and build factories and establish modern industrial enterprises. By the end of 1957, there were 5 18 industrial enterprises in Hefei. Among them, there are 7/kloc-0 industrial enterprises owned by the whole people and 24 industrial enterprises owned by the collective. According to light and heavy industries, there are 490 light industrial enterprises and 28 heavy industrial enterprises. The establishment and development of these enterprises have initially formed the framework of Hefei machinery industry, textile industry, food industry and chemical industry, laying the foundation for the in-depth development of Hefei industry.

During this period, a very important reason why Hefei's industry developed rapidly was because of the enterprises that moved in from Shanghai. From 1954 to 1957, Hefei moved nearly 50 factories from Shanghai. After these factories moved to Hefei, some set up factories independently, some merged, and some split into two or three, which led to the establishment of new factories. The establishment and development of these factories not only accelerated the start and development of Hefei's industry, but also solved many difficulties in the development of Hefei's industry at that time, such as lack of talents, technology, equipment, capital and production management experience, and established indelible historical merits for the great development of Hefei's industry. By 1957, the total industrial output value of Hefei rose to160 million yuan, 72.67 times higher than 1949, 0.2 times higher than1952 and 3 times higher than 1954.

1958~ 1976 is a tortuous development stage of Hefei industry. At this stage, although Hefei's industry has developed greatly on the whole, it has experienced great ups and downs and fluctuations. 1958 "Great Leap Forward", driven by the national iron and steel movement, all walks of life in the city jumped into a frenzy and set off a big iron and steel boom. In the construction of industrial enterprises, a number of factories that did not have the conditions for starting work were hastily launched, so that these factories were forced to dismount at 196 1, or because of financial problems, technical equipment problems or shortage of raw materials. After several twists and turns, it not only caused great waste of funds and wealth, but also hurt the industrial development of Hefei. Compared with 1962 and 1958, the total industrial output value of Hefei decreased by 28.9%.

After three years of adjustment, from 1963 to 1965, Hefei's industry gradually recovered and a healthy development situation reappeared. However, after 1966, it suffered the catastrophe of the "Cultural Revolution" in 10, which made Hefei's industry suffer unprecedented impact and destruction. From 1966 to 10 of10, the number of industrial enterprises in Hefei has not increased, but decreased by 8.2%. Although the total industrial output value of 1976 is 1.64 times higher than that of 1966, its growth rate is 254.7 percentage points lower than that of the First Five-Year Plan period. Compared with 10 years before the Cultural Revolution, the growth index of total industrial output value was 552.8 percentage points lower. It can be seen that the degree of destruction of Hefei's industry during the "Cultural Revolution" was very amazing.

After 1976, it is a new stage of rapid industrial development in Hefei. At this stage, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Hefei Industry insisted on reform and opening up, implemented external introduction and internal connection, focused on economic system reform, technology introduction and industrial structure adjustment, accelerated technological progress and new product development, and intensified efforts to create high-quality products. A number of new products with good quality and high efficiency, such as refrigerators, color TVs, washing machines, bicycles, motorcycles, computers and passenger and freight vehicles. All developed during this period. By 1985, Hefei has 3 1 large industries such as metallurgy, machinery, electronics, chemicals, electric power, textiles, sewing, food and building materials, and an industrial system with relatively complete categories and reasonable structure has basically taken shape. The total number of industrial enterprises above the township level reached 688 (excluding the central ministries and provincial fertilizer enterprises, the same below), and the total industrial output value reached 2,926.5 million yuan. The labor productivity of all state-owned industries reached 6.5438+0.62 million yuan. The main industrial products are steel, steel, aluminum ingots, aluminum products, various building materials, automobiles, tractors, excavators, hydraulic presses, forklifts, motors, transformers, high-voltage switches, radio communication equipment, instrumentation, televisions, refrigerators, electric fans, heating and cooling air-conditioning equipment, washing machines, bicycles, motorcycles, watches, enamel products, glass products, machine-made paper, medicines and medical devices. Among them, 1 is a national gold award product, 6 are national excellent silver award products, 65 are ministerial-level excellent products and 269 are provincial-level excellent products. The rate of high-quality products reached 19.5%. There are more than 150 products exported to more than 70 countries and regions, and the whole industrial production has shown unprecedented prosperity. National development zones: Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei High-tech Industrial Development Zone and Hefei New Station Comprehensive Experimental Zone.

Provincial Development Zones: Hefei Chaohu Economic Development Zone, Hefei Luyang Industrial Park, Hefei Baohe Industrial Zone, Hefei Yaohai Economic Development Zone, Hefei Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei Shuangfeng Economic Development Zone, Feixi Taohua Industrial Park, Feidong Economic Development Zone, Anhui Lujiang Economic Development Zone and Anhui Juchao Economic Development Zone. Hefei is the only city in China with three national laboratories except Beijing. They are: National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Hefei Microscale National Laboratory and Tokamak Fusion Experimental Device.

In the report of Nature Publishing Index 20 1 1 China published by British magazine Nature, the top ten scientific research cities in China are Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Hong Kong, Nanjing, Wuhan, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Shenzhen and Xi 'an in turn. Compared with the previous year, Hefei ranked one place higher, second only to Beijing and Shanghai, ranking third in the country, surpassing Nanjing and Hong Kong. In this report, the strength of basic research is mainly ranked according to the quality standards of papers. "Second-tier cities, first-class scientific research". This is a brief evaluation of Hefei by Nature Publishing Index China. In the ranking of scientific research institutions, China University of Science and Technology in Hefei ranks second, second only to China Academy of Sciences, and surpasses famous universities such as Peking University and Tsinghua. In the past year, HKUST published 17 papers in Nature and its sub-journals, ranking 76th in the world and 1 1 in the Asia-Pacific region, making it one of the only two universities in China to enter the top global 100. The early cultural phenomena in Hefei are mainly manifested in folk beliefs, appreciation of ancient music performances and other activities. According to relevant historical records, Hefei was once the territory of the State of Chu and Yue. Influenced by the culture of Chu and Yue, the ancestors took animals as totems and held totem sacrifices around this time. According to archaeological excavations, ancient music and music and dance appeared in Hefei as early as the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Three Kingdoms period, song and dance performances developed to a certain extent. To celebrate the victory, Cao Cao asked several geisha to sing and dance on Zheng Dipu's boat, but because the boat was too heavy, several geisha drowned in the water.

After Jin unified the world, the dispute between the three countries ended, the people were able to recuperate, and the social culture of Hefei gradually developed, and there was a prosperous scene of "rustic style and luxuriant, all of which were better than Huaizuo". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Hefei's social culture showed a diversified development trend. Not only religious culture flourished, but also folk culture flourished. There were many students and rich poems in the region, and cultural activities such as folk rap, ballads, opera and dance, string performance and drum music all developed greatly. Judging from the works, the early works of Hefei recorded in history include 20 pieces of Xunzi Fu (Jin), 4 volumes of Hefei Records, 20 volumes of Collected Works, 10 volumes of Playing Shu and 100 volumes of Tang (the above four volumes are Song Dynasty). It should be said that the development of Hefei culture during this period laid the foundation for further prosperity.

During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Hefei gradually developed into a cultural capital. There are not only literary talents in this area, but also performances such as dancing, beating and singing are very active. Between Jianghuai and Jianghuai, the number of artists who make a living by "miscellaneous operas" should be the first to promote Luzhou.

By the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the art of literature and ink had developed accordingly, and elegance and vulgarity met in various forms.

By the Qing Dynasty and even the Republic of China, as a modern culture of Hefei, it had made great progress and development. In literature, there are many works. In the Qing Dynasty alone, there were nearly 100 poems, speeches, anthologies and other works recorded in the history of Hefei, among which there were many classic works, many of which are still recited by people today. In terms of performing arts, Hefei local drama "Knife Qi Drama" (also known as "Knife Qi Drama" and "Rice Season Drama") has gradually formed an independent drama, enjoying two kinds of popularity among the people. Folk art forms and activities such as door songs, yangko, rap, lion dance, dragon dance, boating and stilt walking are increasingly prosperous. During this period, there were "big plays" and "small plays" among the people. The so-called big drama, that is, Beijing opera, and the small drama refers to the "inverted seven dramas." During the Republic of China, there were several professional drama clubs in Hefei, among which Feijia Club was the earliest, with the largest number of people and the most comprehensive business.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were "five eccentrics" in Hefei. Among them, Shen Shiweng, once famous in Beijing, was crowned as the beginning of Hefei calligraphy becoming famous all over the world. In the cultural circle of Hefei, there are three cultural masters, and the fashion world calls them "Sanqing". These three people are famous for their good writing and rich writing.

During the Republic of China, with the prosperity of performing arts and other cultural activities, the city not only built professional performance venues, but also developed many forms of cultural communities, such as Wenchang Palace and Nanyuan Park. Silent films and audio films also appeared in the late Republic of China. All these show that the history and culture of Hefei, despite its ups and downs, is constantly developing on the whole and always occupies the central position between Jianghuai.

Since 1949, the municipal government, the municipal trade union and the municipal youth league committee have successively built cultural centers (stations), workers' cultural palaces, clubs, juvenile cultural palaces and juvenile homes. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, 187 cultural stations were established in rural areas and streets. Factories and enterprises have generally established mass cultural organizations such as clubs and cultural rooms. Gradually form a three-level mass cultural network, and mass activities such as music, dance, drama, folk art, poetry, art, sports and popular science flourish.

There was only a small library in the early days of liberation, and now there are two new children's libraries and the city library building. Compared with 1949 in 1985, the library has increased from tens of square meters to 2658 square meters, and the number of librarians has increased from 3 to 28. The collection of books has developed from literariness and popularity to comprehensive collection; The language has expanded from Chinese to 9 foreign languages; The collection of books has increased from several thousand to 280,000.

1983 the municipal cultural market management office was formally established, which strengthened the management of the city's cultural market and implemented unified management, unified policies and unified leadership. By the end of 1985, there were 30 dance halls, 22 second-class wholesalers, 84 retailers/kloc-0, more than 80 book renters and 28 video screenings (including three counties) in the city. It has played a certain role in meeting the needs of the broad masses of people's spiritual and cultural life.

From 65438 to 0978, Hefei established the Cultural Relics Management Office, which was specialized in the protection, excavation, arrangement, collection and research of cultural relics. There are more than 2,000 pieces of cultural relics in the collection, including more than 40 pieces under national first-class protection, such as Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Iron Cannon in the late Qing Dynasty 15. At present, the provincial cultural relics protection units in the city include Gujiao Nutai and Baogong Temple; There are 7 municipal protected units 17, including 3 city god temples, 23 ancient city sites 10 and ancient cultural sites, which provide rich historical materials for the study of history. Before 1930s, there were no public medical and health institutions in Hefei. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there was a fixed Chinese medicine shop in Hefei, dealing in medicinal materials, pills, powders, ointments, pills and pieces of decoction. Another Chinese medicine practitioner practices medicine in a Chinese pharmacy. There are also practitioners who walk the streets to treat people.

In the 20th year of Guangxu reign (1894), German deirdre came to Hefei to preach and set up the Sacred Heart Clinic in Deshengmen Catholic Church. In the 23rd year of Guangxu, China Christian Church (Nanjing) sent American missionaries Xu Hongzao and Bai Guanzhi to Hefei to preach and cure diseases, and western medicine was gradually introduced into Hefei. /kloc-in 0/6, Liu Xilin (also known as Liu Mengjiu, Hefei native, graduated from cheeloo university Medical College) founded Hefei Minsheng Hospital, becoming the first hospital established by China people in Hefei. In 26 years of the Republic of China, Hefei County Police Station set up a cleaning office to manage street sanitation, which was the earliest public health institution in Hefei.

Before the liberation of Hefei, cholera was prevalent many times because of the backward health care. When people are sick, they should ask God for advice. A woman gives birth to a child and delivers it the old-fashioned way. The mortality rate is as high as 20%. . The mortality rate of neonatal tetanus (commonly known as "seven-day wind") is as high as 400‰. Life expectancy is only 35 years old.

On the eve of liberation, there were county hospitals 1 hospital, beds 12, houses 13, and staff 12, including 2 doctors. There are also 23 private clinics. After the liberation of Hefei, the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal People's Government, with the support of the provincial health authorities, built and expanded medical and health institutions, popularized health knowledge, and implemented free medical care and labor insurance medical care systems in the city's administration, organs and enterprises in accordance with the health work policy of "facing workers, peasants and soldiers, combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, and combining health work with mass movements". By the end of 1952, there were four medical and health institutions 1 14 in Hefei, with 425 hospital beds and 85 health technicians/person. The number of hospital beds and health technicians increased by 0.7 times and 9.3 times respectively compared with 1949.

1966 after the beginning of the "cultural revolution", a large number of medical and health institutions in Hefei were "cut, merged and removed" and medical personnel were sent to the countryside. By 1970, there were only 12 hospitals in the city, and the number of health technicians was reduced to 28 17.

After the "Lin Biao and Jiangqing Counter-revolutionary Group" was smashed, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Hefei's health undertakings resumed development. 1979 ~ 1985 in the past seven years, the investment in medical and health undertakings in Hefei alone reached 27.55 million yuan, while 1949 ~ 65438. 1By the end of 985, there were 490 medical and health institutions in Hefei, including 47 hospitals. There are 56 beds16, health technicians 10647 (including 5 doctors165438). The improvement of medical and health conditions and technical level in Hefei has promoted the improvement of people's health level. From 65438 to 0985, the average life expectancy of Hefei people exceeded 70 years.

3A hospitals: Anhui Provincial Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Second People's Hospital of Anhui Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Acupuncture Hospital of Anhui Province), First People's Hospital of Hefei City, Second People's Hospital of Hefei City, Fourth People's Hospital of Hefei City, Binhu Hospital of Hefei City (South District of First Hospital of Hefei City), No.105 Hospital of China People's Liberation Army. As early as the first year of Emperor Gaudi in the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC) to the first year of Huang Chu in the Three Kingdoms (220 BC), Hefei folks had "Imperial", "Shooting", "Guiding", "Keeping in good health", "Cornering", "Benefiting toes", "Pulling away", "Bending", "Throwing stones" and "Playing chess".

19 in the 1950s, the Qing army stationed in Hefei introduced western soldiers' gymnastics into training. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, track and field, swimming, general gymnastics and ball games were gradually introduced into Hefei.

During the Republic of China, traditional folk sports activities mainly included skipping rope, kicking keys, kicking knees, flying kites, swinging, arm wrestling, bumping bars and playing chess. Track and field, general gymnastics and ball games are the main school sports. In 1930s, ball games expanded from schools to institutions and factories. At that time, there were few competitions in Hefei county, and the sports facilities were only a county-owned sports ground and a provincial-level small stadium.

1949 ~ 1954 is the initial stage of developing people's sports in Hefei. During this period, Hefei Sports Committee (hereinafter referred to as "Municipal Sports Committee") was established, Hefei People's Stadium (hereinafter referred to as "Municipal Stadium") was completed, and the first, second and third people's games in Hefei were held one after another, and a sports delegation was formed to participate in the first people's games in Anhui Province. In the competition, the Hefei sports delegation achieved the first total score in the province.

1955- 1959 Hefei sports commission held the first sports meeting of Hefei, and organized Hefei sports delegation to participate in various competitions of the first sports meeting of Anhui province. At this provincial sports meeting, the total score of groups in Hefei once again ranked first in the province. In addition, Hefei athletes won seven championships in national and international competitions, breaking six national records.

From 1960 to 1965, Hefei sports is in a tortuous development stage. During this period, Hefei Municipal Sports Commission held the second and third sports meeting of the whole city, and organized a delegation to participate in the second sports meeting of Anhui Province. In the competition, the Hefei delegation won the first place in the total score of the team, but the technical level of many sports is not as good as before. Skydiving is an exception. Hefei skydiver broke the world records of two women's collective fixed-point skydiving events in Anhui Province for three times. In the national competition, Hefei model airplane athletes broke the world record of straight flight of power helicopter model airplane.

After 1966, the sports cause in Hefei was impacted by the Cultural Revolution. Sports activities were forced to stop. It was not until 1968 Hefei Revolutionary Committee was established that sports activities gradually resumed. 197 1 year later, Hefei key amateur sports school and Wulidun sports ground were built one after another, and the national physical exercise standard system began to be implemented in the whole city. In the competition of the third sports meeting in Anhui Province, the Hefei sports delegation once again won the first place in the total score of the group.

From 1977 to 1996, 85% of primary and secondary school students in Hefei urban area and 75% of primary and secondary school students in suburbs meet the national physical exercise standards. Hefei sports delegation won the first place in the total score of the team and the total number of gold medals in the fourth to eighth games in Anhui Province. Hefei athletes won 15 national champions in the National Games; In international competitions, won 9 first places; Interstate competition, 24 people won the championship; In the arena of world sports, there are 9 people on the podium of the world champion. During this period, Hefei Sports Commission held the 4th, 5th and 6th sports meeting, and hosted the 7th sports meeting in Anhui Province and national competitions of many events. Construction of Hefei Gymnasium, Hefei Comprehensive Gymnasium, Hefei Swimming Pool and other large sports facilities. Hefei has established amateur swimming schools and professional sports teams. The Art Creation Center of Hefei Federation of Literary and Art Circles is an academic institution affiliated to Hefei Federation of Literary and Art Circles. During the period of 10 since its establishment in August 2006, the "Hefei Art Phenomenon" caused by them has attracted the attention of China art circles.

At the end of 2002, the Art Creation Center launched the first major theme art creation activity, and Zhang Guolin organized five Chinese painting figure painters to create a combined long scroll "Romantic Life in Jianghuai-Famous People in Anhui in Past Dynasties".

Impression of Hefei, created by five people in one month, is15m long and 2.2m wide. It depicts the image of Hefei city from Dashu Mountain to Chaohu Lake. Most of the buildings in the picture are based on real buildings and are in the form of pure ink. The Literary and Art Creation Center has also created three other masterpieces: the 8-meter-long print Legend of Luzhou, the 10-meter-long figure painting The Great Builder, and the nearly 30-meter-long landscape painting Charm of Huangshan, among which Legend of Luzhou is the largest print in China. "On the one hand, these works are created to show the' Hefei Art Phenomenon' and on the other hand, to present the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Party."

Magnolia grandiflora: an evergreen tree with dignified and majestic tree shape, technical leafy vegetables, large white flowers like lotus flowers, opening in early June and high quality materials. It is a precious ornamental tree species. Magnolia grandiflora is native to North America. It has been introduced and cultivated in Hefei for nearly a hundred years. Adapting to Hefei's ecological environment, grafting and sowing is one of the key tree species in Hefei's greening. Parks, institutions, factories, courtyards and streets are all planted, which are deeply loved by people. 1On September 25th, 984, the Eighth Session of the Ninth Municipal People's Congress was designated as "City Tree".

Pomegranate: A small deciduous tree or shrub. On the green bushes in May of the lunar calendar, the flowers are as bright as flames or as white as jade. Pomegranate is a good material for making bonsai, because its branches are thick and simple, and there are many twists and turns. Pomegranate is barren-tolerant, drought-tolerant and waterlogging-tolerant, which is suitable for planting. Pomegranate and sea pomegranate are the most suitable potted plants. Easy to copy and widely manage. Hefei has a long history of cultivation and is widely planted. People regard it as a precious and auspicious symbol, and are used to using pomegranate as a good product to enjoy the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival to show that the family can get together. 1On September 25th, 984, osmanthus fragrans and pomegranate were designated as "city flowers" at the Eighth Session of the Ninth Municipal People's Congress.