What are the main contents of the Beijing Treaty?

1, Sino-French Beijing Treaty: The Qing government signed a treaty with Britain on18601kloc-0/October 24th, and the British side was represented by Earl Elgin. The English page of the contract is *** 10, and the main contents of the terms are as follows:

(1) The Qing Dynasty confirmed the validity of the Sino-British Tianjin Treaty;

(2) The Qing Dynasty ceded the Kowloon Peninsula in Xin 'an County, Guangdong Province (now south of Hong Kong Jiejie) to Britain;

(3) Tianjin opened a port for trade in Qing Dynasty;

(4) Raise the compensation of Sino-British Tianjin Treaty to 8 million taels;

(5) Allow Western missionaries to rent and buy land and build churches in China;

(6) allowing foreign businessmen to recruit Han Chinese to work as cheap labor (coolies) abroad;

(7) According to the Sino-British Joint Declaration 1985, the British Government returned Hong Kong (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Peninsula and the New Territories) to the people of China at 0: 00 on July 1997, and the China Government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on the same day.

2. Sino-French Beijing Treaty: The Qing government signed a treaty with France on 1860125 October, with Baron Gro as the representative of France. The contract has 27 pages in French, and its main contents are as follows:

(1) The Qing Dynasty ratified the Sino-French Tianjin Treaty, and the compensation increased to 8 million taels;

(2) Return confiscated Catholic property;

(3) Paragraph 7 of the China Treaty clearly stipulates that French missionaries rent and buy fields and build their own houses in various provinces, but there is no such provision in the French text;

(4) The Qing Dynasty agreed to open Dalian as a commercial port;

3. Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty: The Qing government signed a treaty with Russia in1860114 10, and the Russian side was represented by Count ignatieff. There are 43 pages in Russian in the contract.

(1) The Qing Dynasty recognized the effectiveness of the 1858 Aihui Treaty, which has a sea area of about 400,000 square kilometers from the Wusuli River in the east (including Sakhalin Island and the ice-free port Vladivostok). It was originally stipulated as a "* * * pipe" between China and Russia. Since then, the northeastern port of China has been taken away by the Sea of Japan.

(2) Delineate the western section of the Sino-Russian border, starting from Sabindabaha, passing through Zhai Cendre, Temur Tudre (now Lake Issyk-Kul) and reaching the border of Hao Han, with "mountains, rivers and China's permanent residence in Kalun today" as the boundary;

(3) Opening Zhangjiakou, Kulun and Kashgar as commercial ports;

(4) Russia set up consulates in Cullen and Kashgar.

Extended data:

1, the Beijing Treaty is an extension of the Tianjin Treaty, which not only recognizes the validity of the Tianjin Treaty, but also allows western capitalist countries headed by Britain and France to seize more aggressive rights and interests.

2. After the opening of Tianjin, the western capitalist aggression forces had an aggression stronghold;

3. The occupation of a large area of territory east of Kowloon Peninsula and Wusuli River has further damaged China's national sovereignty and territorial integrity;

4. Allow foreign businessmen to recruit Han Chinese to work as cheap labor abroad, and let countries such as Britain and France openly plunder and sell China people to go abroad as slaves;

5. Allow Western missionaries to rent and buy land and build churches in China, deepening and increasingly rampant foreign church aggression;

6. Open ports penetrate from coastal areas to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;

7. The semi-colonial and semi-feudal status of China has been further deepened. The disaster of China people is getting deeper and deeper. It also violated the justice of China, and the sovereignty of inland navigation was seriously violated.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing Treaty