"Education Comprehensive Knowledge" 500 classic knowledge points

Noun:

1 Six Classics: It is a classic that was handed down from the Western Zhou Dynasty, sometimes called Poems, Books, Rites, Yue, Yi, and Spring and Autumn Period.

2 Xueji: It is the work of Le Zhengke at the end of the Warring States Period. It is the educational philosophy foundation of Xueji and a monograph on education that systematically summarizes educational theories and practical research in the pre-Qin era.

3 Aristotle: The master of ancient Greek academic thought. For the first time, he systematically expounded the educational thought of the harmonious development of physical education, morality, intellectual education, and aesthetic education.

4 Historical research method: It is a method of discovering and investigating educational events that have occurred to understand the development rules of educational phenomena

5 Survey research method: It is a method that uses sample analysis to clarify the current situation, development trends and patterns of education.

6 Experimental research method: It is a method of applying new experimental variables to the experimental objects, controlling the environmental interference factors, and then

observing the changes of the experimental objects.

7 Broad education: refers to all activities that consciously influence and cultivate people. The results of such activities may increase people's knowledge, talents or influence to varying degrees

The development of human emotions and personality.

8 Education in a narrow sense: Education in a narrow sense is school education. The so-called school education is an activity specially organized by society to exert a purposeful and planned influence on the physical and mental growth of the youth

generation, with a view to cultivating them into people that society needs.

9 Teacher's body language: It refers to a special language in which teachers use facial expressions, body postures, eye movements, etc. to express certain thoughts and feelings and

transmit information.

10 Teacher professional ethics: It is the code of conduct that must be followed to engage in a certain profession.

11 Educational resourcefulness: Teachers must have the ability to make quick judgments and react quickly when dealing with various unexpected educational issues

12 Teacher qualifications: refers to the academic qualifications, moral cultivation and ability standards required for teachers to hold office.

13 "The Great Teaching Theory": It was called by the 19th century British philosopher John Mill as "an encyclopedia of ancient thoughts

in the entire field of culture and education.

14 Culture (broad and narrow sense): Broad sense: refers to the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth created during the historical practice of human society

Narrow sense: refers to spiritual culture and various social consciousnesses. The sum of forms.

15 Cultural integration: The integration of different cultures to form a new culture is one of the laws of cultural development.

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16 Human development: refers to the occurrence, development and change of the body and psychology of an individual from birth to adulthood

17 Age characteristics: It is the general and common characteristics of children during their development. Typical, woody, unique characteristics.

18 Chuan Chuan (Qi Chuan quality): Refers to the anatomical and physiological characteristics that an individual inherits from its ancestors.

19 Environment ( Broad and narrow sense): includes both the natural and social environment.

The objective world in which individuals live and are affected by it

20 Moral education: It is for the educated. A general term for systematic ideological education, political education and moral education.

21 Intellectual education: It is the systematic education of knowledge, skills and abilities for the educated.

22 Aesthetic education: Yes. Aesthetic views of educated people

23 School system: It is the abbreviation of school education system. It is a country’s school system at all levels and types.

The nature, mission, admission requirements, years of study and the interrelationship between the schools.

24 Dual-track system: The academic structure in which the vertically divided school system has an absolute advantage is~

25 Single-track system: The academic structure in which horizontally divided school stages have an absolute advantage is~.

26 Lecture method: It refers to the method by which teachers impart knowledge to students systematically and coherently through oral language. It includes five methods: explanation, reading,

lecture and comment.

27 Intellectual education: It is an activity in which teachers guide students to master knowledge and skills and develop intelligence in a purposeful and planned way.

28 Knowledge: It is people’s systematic understanding of the development laws of natural and social phenomena.

29 Skills: Refers to the behavioral patterns that students acquire through practice to successfully complete certain tasks

30 School management: It is the use of certain means and methods by school administrators to organize and coordinate school operations Resources, lure teachers and students

Organize activities to achieve school work goals in a playful way in the right direction.

French management practitioner Fayol said: "The management process is the functional activity process of management."

The school management process is different from the general management process in that it educates people for the fundamental purpose.

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The overall goal of school work includes educational work goals and management work.

32 The American "PDCA Cycle Theory" (Deming) The basic links in the operation of the school management process include planning and decision-making, organization and implementation,

supervision and inspection, and summary and evaluation.

33 Organization and implementation: According to the goals and task requirements of the plan and decision-making, various management elements such as people, finance, material, time, space, information, etc.

are organized and operated to put the plan into operation. Decision-making activities for blocking actions.

The organization and implementation link includes: organization, command, coordination, guidance and effort and a series of management activities.

34 School management principles: These are the basic requirements and codes of conduct that should be followed when conducting school management work. It is a reflection of school management rules

, a summary and summary of school management practical experience, and an embodiment of educational management ideas.

School management principles are the ideological criteria for knowing school management work.

35 The principle of democracy: refers to the school management work that must respect and trust the majority of faculty and staff and adhere to the style of "from the masses, to the masses

". Stimulate their enthusiasm to participate in management and create conditions for them to participate in school management.

36 School management methods: refers to the means and measures for smoothly carrying out management activities and achieving management goals.

School management methods are divided into levels: school management philosophy, general methods, and specific methods.

37 Administrative method: refers to the organizational system that school managers follow. Use administrative orders to implement management methods on managed objects.

The administrative method is the basic method of school management, and its essence is to use the administrative relationship in the school organization as a means to implement management.

Characteristics of administrative methods: authoritative, mandatory, linear.

Regulatory method: refers to the method in which school administrators use regulatory documents of a legal nature designated by state agencies for management.

38 Legal methods include laws, decrees, regulations, regulations, plans, resolutions, orders, etc.

The application of legal methods in school management has two aspects: specifying school regulations and running the school according to law. These two aspects are complementary and indispensable

.

Characteristics of legal methods: authoritative, normative, and serious.

39 Economic method: refers to the method in which school managers use economic means or measures such as wages and bonuses for management.

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The means of economic methods mainly include: wages, bonuses, subsidies and salary increases , treatment, physical goods, fines, and economic systems and economic

policies, etc.

Characteristics of economic methods: benefits, fairness, and immediate effectiveness.

40 Educational method: refers to the method used by school management to increase awareness and enhance work enthusiasm

and consciousness through persuasion, education, and enlightenment.

Educational methods are the forerunners in implementing various management methods, and they provide an ideological basis for people's work behavior.

41 School management system: refers to the organizational system and system for leadership and management within the school. It stipulates the status, role, scope of authority, and mutual relations between school leaders and

management forces. Relationships define the organizational structure.

42 Principal Responsibility System: It refers to the school leadership system in which the principal is fully responsible for school work, the party branch plays a role in ensuring supervision, and faculty and staff participate in democratic

management.

Principal responsibility system: means that the principal is fully responsible for school work. The party branch ensures the supervisory role and the faculty and staff participate in the school leadership system of democratic management.

The constraints of the principal responsibility system are the guarantee supervision of the party branch and the participation of employees in democratic management.

The school organizational system: refers to the organic combination of various departments and units of the school in order to achieve management goals. It is the combination of the school's

positions, tasks, and personnel according to certain principles. Comes with a perfect structural system.

45 Education legislation: refers to the activities in which the national legislature will formulate relevant education laws in accordance with legal procedures.

my country’s educational regulatory system: a socialist educational regulatory system with Chinese characteristics with the Education Law as the core.

47 “Education Law”: the Basic Law of Education, which is based on the Constitution This law is formulated to adjust the internal and external relations of education. It is called the "Constitution of Education" or the "Mother Law" of the educational regulatory system. It was promulgated by the 8th National Congress on March 18, 1995. The "Education Law" passed at the 3rd session of the National People's Congress is the fundamental law for the reform and development of my country's education industry.

"Education Law": Establishes the nature of socialist education in my country's education.

The "Education Law" stipulates that my country's education policy is: "Education must serve the socialist modernization drive, must be integrated with production

labor, and cultivate moral, intellectual, physical, etc. The builder and successor of the socialist cause with all-round development. "The national education examination system is an examination system authorized or approved by the state and undertaken by the implementing educational examination institution. Bachelor's degrees are awarded by institutions of higher learning authorized by the State Council, and doctoral and master's degrees are awarded by institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions authorized by the State Council.

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"Education Law": Article 53 Investment in education The "Education Law" stipulates that investment in education is stipulated in the "Education Law": "The state has established a system based mainly on financial allocations and supplemented by various other

channels to raise education funds."

The principles of "two improvements" and "three increases".

"The Education Law of the People's Republic of China": (referred to as the "Education Law") was admitted to the Standing Committee of the National University on October 31, 1993.

Passed at the fourth meeting , effective from January 1994.

Its promulgation and implementation reflects the importance that the party and the country attach to people's teachers.

It is important to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of teachers, improve the social status of the teaching team, and create a team with high ideological and moral character and professional quality

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It will have a positive impact on improving the quality of teachers and promoting the development of socialist education.

48 Teacher appointment system: It is a kind of appointment contract signed by the school and the teacher under the principle of equal moral status, clearly stipulating the rights, obligations and responsibilities of both parties

system, which is an important part of the current reform of the teacher appointment system to adapt to the development of the socialist economy.

49 Article 25 of the "Teachers Law" stipulates that teachers The average salary level should not be lower than or higher than the average salary level of national civil servants, and should be gradually increased.

Teacher assessment content includes: ideological and political, professional level, work attitude and work performance, that is, morality, ability, diligence and performance.

Students receiving compulsory education should be exempted from tuition fees , the provincial people's government should formulate methods for disbursing scholarships. All children who are six weeks old and over

years old, regardless of gender, nationality, or race, must enter school to receive compulsory education for the prescribed number of years. In areas where conditions are not met, education may be deferred to Enrollment at the age of seven.

The stages and steps of compulsory education in fact: The country implements nine-year compulsory education, which can be divided into two stages: primary education and junior secondary education.

The first stage implements primary compulsory education. ; In the second stage, junior secondary compulsory education will be implemented on the basis of primary compulsory education.

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50 Educational evaluation: It is the use of specialized technical means to evaluate educational activities Values ??make calming activities.

Educational evaluation: refers to adopting scientific attitudes and methods based on certain purposes and standards to evaluate the status and effectiveness of activities,

personnel, management and conditions in educational work. Make qualitative and quantitative value judgments. According to the scope of education evaluation, education evaluation can be divided into three types: macro education evaluation, meso education evaluation and micro education evaluation.

Macroscopic education evaluation targets the entire field of education.

Micro-education evaluation targets students.

51 According to the purpose of educational evaluation, educational evaluation can be divided into three types: diagnostic evaluation, formative evaluation and summative evaluation.

Evaluation,

Diagnostic evaluation: refers to the preparatory evaluation conducted before a certain work begins, before a certain decision is made, or before evaluation activities.

Its purpose is to understand the current situation and main problems of the evaluation object, and also includes the identification of various advantages,

advantages and particularities of the evaluation object, in order to formulate a suitable Work plans and plans for the actual situation of the evaluation objects, and carry out targeted preparations for all aspects of the school

work.

Formative evaluation: It is an evaluation carried out during the implementation of school work plans and plans. It is a regular

examination of the relationship between school work conditions and students' development levels in all aspects against school work goals. The purpose of evaluation is to understand the status of the work process

so that the overall work status can be adjusted in a timely manner. Therefore, this kind of evaluation will help to find problems in time and correct them

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Make appropriate adjustments to the plan.

Summative evaluation: refers to the evaluation carried out when school work has reached a stage, or when a certain stage of work has been completed.

Its purpose is mainly to affirm achievements and summarize experiences. , discover problems and clarify directions. There are two perspectives on the value orientation of educational evaluation:

One is to serve social development, that is, society-oriented thinking; the other is to serve individual survival and development, that is, individual-centered

bit.

52 Dynamic evaluation: refers to the evaluation of the development status of the evaluation object. The characteristics of dynamic evaluation are to focus on vertical comparison, examine

its historical situation, and pay attention to its development potential and development trends.

53 Qualitative analysis: It is to analyze the nature of the educational process and results. This analysis focuses on the qualitative analysis of things;

Quantitative analysis is to analyze the educational process and results from the quantity. Aspect-wise analysis focuses on the quantitative aspects of things.

Indicator weight: refers to the importance of each evaluation indicator in the indicator system and assigns a corresponding value. This number

is called the weight of the corresponding indicator. Or called weight.

The expert opinion averaging method allows some experts with educational theoretical foundations and practical educational experience to assign weights to each indicator in the evaluation indicator system

and then calculate the weight of each indicator. The arithmetic mean of the weights, using this mean as the true weight of the indicator

54 Methods of collecting information through observation: experimental observation and natural observation

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Common forms of objectivity test questions include: true or false questions, multiple choice questions, and fill-in-the-blank questions

Statistical analysis method:

55 If there is a tie score that reflects the central tendency of the data , mode, median: There are characteristic values ??such as standard deviation,

variance, and mean difference that reflect the discrete trend of data.

56 Relative evaluation: Select one or several objects from the set of objects to be evaluated as a benchmark, and then compare each evaluation object

with the benchmark, or use some method Arrange in order.

57 There are two ways to express the conclusion of intra-individual difference evaluation: numerical value and comment. Vertical evaluation mainly uses comments to point out individual shortcomings and deficiencies. Longitudinal evaluation often uses numerical methods to reflect individual development trends and progress.

The evaluation of students' ideological and moral character is the focus and difficulty of moral education evaluation.

Note: The above content has been expanded and extended on the basis of the comprehensive knowledge content of teacher education textbooks. Everyone should use the textbooks as the basis, prepare carefully for the exam, consolidate knowledge points, master question-answering skills, and compete in the 2019 teacher recruitment exam. !