What aspects should the investigation report of college students' entrepreneurship or employment start from?

1. The employment situation of college students is unprecedented. Since the financial crisis, the demand for employment has been greatly reduced, but the supply of college graduates has increased compared with previous years. So far, the signing rate of graduates from several schools surveyed is around 20%. Some majors with nearly 100 students only have 1-2 applicants. The problem of students' employment difficulty caused by the blind setting of majors in colleges and universities is more prominent. Only 1 of 76 students majoring in biological sciences in an engineering university found jobs. The salary of graduates generally decreased 10-30%.

2. The job market is chaotic, and employers and intermediaries infringe on the interests of students. Some enterprises first attract students with generous conditions, and then reduce their treatment with various excuses when signing the contract and after taking up their posts. This year, two graduates majoring in marketing from Hebei University of Science and Technology applied for a food company at the job fair. The company promised a monthly salary of 1500 yuan, but it was 500 yuan who really got it when he arrived at the company. An educational institution in Shijiazhuang requires applicants to provide the names and materials of 300 high school graduates. Even if you pass the interview, you are actually asking the students who are applying for jobs to find customers for them in disguise.

3. The difficulty of internship is the prelude to the difficulty of employment; Some schools have taken precautions and reformed education and teaching, and achieved results. At present, "having more than one year's practical experience in relevant positions" has become the primary condition for recruitment in many units, and it is also the threshold that college students must pass in employment. Employers hope that new employees can work as soon as they take up their posts, but some schools do not provide practical opportunities. Of the 2 1 people in a school, only 3 participated in general practical activities during their school days. Some schools in Hebei Province actively promote the reform of education and teaching, and give full play to the advantages of training mode in promoting employment. Since 2005, Hebei Normal University has initiated the reform of training mode and comprehensive reform of teaching field, which has expanded the quality of students and made graduates have a greater competitive advantage in the job market. At present, the supply-demand ratio of teachers' majors in College of Resources and Environment is 1? 1.67。 Shijiazhuang Vocational and Technical College comprehensively reformed the training mode according to the orientation of running a school. Engineering and management majors have hired teachers with practical experience to give lectures. Training courses have turned workshops and markets into classrooms, and exams have changed from answering questions to direct hands-on operations. The equipment of the school is accessible to students and they can start working in enterprises. The Computer Department of Shijiazhuang University strives for a company in Beijing to replace advertisements with direct training for students, so that all 280 graduates of the department can participate in five-day off-campus training for free. The computer major of Hebei University of Science and Technology organized students to participate in the torch program and practice for five days for free, so that they were full of confidence in employment.

4. Graduates face various contradictions and conflicts. One is the conflict between ideal and reality. Generally, the salary expectation of graduates is higher than that of 800 yuan, but in fact, most of them are around 600 yuan. Enterprises say that college students nowadays can't even do a small thing well, but they want to do big things and make big money every day. A student majoring in mechanical design in Shijiazhuang Vocational and Technical College said that graduates who didn't find jobs were very anxious, and those who found jobs were also very uncomfortable. They feel that they are cheap labor, at the bottom of society, and spent 50 thousand yuan on college. The second is the conflict between long-term development and reality. A graduate of Shijiazhuang Vocational and Technical College said, "We can't go back to the countryside. Rural children go to college just to leave the countryside and enjoy urban life. " Most students can't find an ideal job before leaving school, but they will accept low-level employment, wander around the city, have poor employment stability and are not optimistic about their future life expectations. The third is the conflict between internal values and social unhealthy phenomena. About 70% of junior college students in the Department of Political Science and Law of Shijiazhuang University and many students in other schools can find promotion work for small and medium-sized pharmaceutical and alcohol manufacturers. Some products are low-priced and high-priced, and a box of medicines from 4 yuan will be sold to 400 yuan, mainly to the elderly; Some are inferior in quality and high in price. On the one hand, students want to stick to the moral bottom line and always feel the game of inner conscience, on the other hand, it is difficult to find other jobs.

5. The proportion of college students who choose to start their own businesses is small; Self-employed students are characterized by upward values and strong practical ability. Less than 10% of students are interested in starting a business. Students who really start businesses are typical in colleges and universities, and even fewer graduates need to start businesses in rural areas. Most students who choose to start their own businesses are engaged in industries related to their majors, which are characterized by upward values and strong practical ability. Xu Bingbing, majoring in applied computer in Shijiazhuang University, started his own business two years ago. On the eve of graduation, he set up an intelligent office service company based on the third generation communication system with his own 60,000 yuan. He believes that self-employment of "knowledgeable" college students should no longer be a "small business" model. They seized the last cake of internet profiteering and started their business on the internet with a pre-emptive profit model. Yang Kai, a student from Shijiazhuang University, came up with an idea from her experience of being cheated in online shopping. She wanted to set up a shopping website with her animation major, so that others would not be cheated. The main problems faced by college students in starting a business are lack of entrepreneurship training, poor entrepreneurial atmosphere, poor entrepreneurial awareness, lack of market experience, weak technology accumulation, difficulty in raising funds, difficulty in loan guarantee and limited registration qualifications.

6. The effect of promoting college students' employment policy needs to be improved; Employment guidance and service standards are low, and information disclosure is not in place. First, the implementation of the employment policy has little impact. Graduates know little about the government's policy documents on promoting employment and have doubts. Selected Graduates and "Three Supports and One Support" programs selected by the government are guaranteed in policy, with enthusiastic registration, but the number of places is limited, which has not benefited the college students with the largest enrollment expansion in recent years; The national employment policy cannot control the local policies of employers; Many college students have reservations and wait-and-see attitude towards the security and continuity of grass-roots employment policies, preferring to stay at the bottom of cities rather than go to rural grass-roots units. Second, the employment guidance and service standards are low, the information disclosure is not in place, and the awareness rate of college students' policies is low. The content of relevant policy documents of employment information network is not perfect; The interpretation and preaching of policy documents did not enter the employment guidance course in colleges and universities. More than 50 students from three universities attended the symposium, and only three of them said that they knew about the preferential employment policies from newspapers, mobile phones and bus broadcasts. Graduates learn about employment policies mainly through the Internet. However, our online search for employment policy information is March 19. Baidu and other commercial search engines can provide very few policy documents, which are scattered and difficult to find. After clicking, most of them are just file names or file numbers involved in news reports. The information provided by relevant government departments and some university employment websites is incomplete or the links cannot be opened. The employment website of Yanshan University has comprehensive information and high visits. (