In the field of environmental protection, Europe has an IPP directive. What does this mean?

The comprehensive product policy (IPP) is very specific:

Introduction of EU Environmental Protection Directive (WEEE/RoHS/EuP) (Ⅲ)

The first two issues introduced the background, implementation schedule, standardized product group, main points, unresolved problems and implementation status of the EU series of environmental protection directives. In this issue, we will focus on other directives and issues related to environmental directives.

I. Regulations

1. battery instructions

This directive is called a directive on batteries and storage batteries containing some dangerous substances. The new directive was adopted by the European Parliament on April 20th, 2004. In the new directive, batteries and storage batteries are no longer treated differently. The new directive will use all types of batteries and strictly limit the contents of metals such as nickel, cadmium, mercury and lead, stipulating that all batteries sold in Europe must be collected and recycled to ensure that batteries are no longer buried or burned, and try to recover and recycle heavy metals such as nickel, cadmium, mercury, lead and lithium.

The new directive requires EU member states to register all manufacturers and importers of batteries sold in China. And clarify the responsibilities of manufacturers, such as: manufacturers of various types of batteries must bear the related expenses of recovery, treatment and recycling; Before putting the product on the market, the manufacturer should provide a guarantee to prove that it has the ability to fulfill its financial obligations of battery recovery and recycling. In addition, the new directive also makes more explicit provisions on battery packaging.

2. Description of packaging and packaging waste

On August 18, 2005, the new EU packaging directive came into effect, which was an amendment to the 94/62/EEC directive on packaging and packaging waste issued by 1994. The new directive puts forward new and higher requirements for recovery and recycling. In addition, in order to promote the recycling and reuse of packaging waste, the European Commission has put forward suggestions to the European Parliament and the Council on packaging labeling and the establishment of packaging conformity assessment procedures.

3. New chemical regulations (Reach)

Chemicals are divided into two categories within the EU management framework: existing chemicals (including all chemicals listed before 198 1); New chemicals (including those listed after 198 1). In order to unify the management of two chemicals, make manufacturers responsible for their products, and achieve a fully coordinated policy at the EU level, the EU promulgated the final proposal of new chemical regulations on 29 October 2003, namely "Measures for Registration, Evaluation and Approval of Chemicals" (REACH for short). Once REACH is approved as a formal regulation, it will replace more than 40 existing chemical regulations. It is expected that the REACH regulation will take effect in 2006.

REACH aims to establish a unified chemical monitoring system in the EU, complete the management of all chemicals before 20 12, and establish three management monitoring systems of chemicals registration, evaluation and licensing in the EU market. According to REACH regulations, the EU will require manufacturers or importers to provide all testing information of chemicals whose output or import exceeds 100 tons, which has a great impact on environmental safety, and the testing costs will be borne by enterprises.

4.ISO 14062

After two years of compilation, the technical report of ISO 14062 (Environmental Management-Integrating Environmental Factors into Product Design and Development) was published in June 2002.

The technical report O 14062 is a document in the series of environmental management standards of ISO 14000. This standard is formulated to guide organizations (including companies and enterprises) to integrate environmental factors in the design and development of products (goods and services), and to balance the relationship between the environment and other factors such as product functions, performance, health and safety, price, quality, market and laws and regulations. This is also what we call ecological design or environmental design. Under the framework provided by ISO 14062, organizations can predict and solve problems in advance in the process of product design and development, and avoid environmental impact as early as possible in the design stage, so as not to lose the opportunity of product improvement after listing. At the same time, this design method can improve the innovation ability of the organization and the environmental performance of the products and services provided.

Two. others

1. Corporate social responsibility

Corporate social responsibility only means that corporate stakeholders-government, investors, business partners, employees, consumers, communities and non-governmental organizations-are all influencing (promoting, restricting or restricting) the development of enterprises. Whether these relations can be well coordinated is the embodiment of whether enterprises can fulfill their social responsibilities. Internationally, with the active advocacy of non-governmental organizations such as labor organizations, consumer groups, human rights organizations and environmental protection organizations, the United Nations put forward the Global Compact for Business Enterprises in 1999, which directly encouraged and promoted the implementation of the Corporate Social Responsibility Movement. Up to now, representatives from more than 30 countries including China and more than 200 famous large companies have participated in the Global Compact Action Plan. In 2002, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) established a special social responsibility advisory group. In April 2004, the Advisory Group submitted a report on social responsibility to the ISO Technical Administration (TMB) and published it to the world for comments. In June 2004, ISO decided to start formulating social responsibility.

In July 2002, the European Commission issued the notice of Corporate Social Responsibility: Corporate Contribution to Sustainable Development, and put forward some specific plans to promote corporate social responsibility, which was positively responded by European member States. Now, more and more countries realize the importance of corporate social responsibility to obtain economic, social and environmental benefits at the same time, and more and more enterprises also realize the role of corporate social responsibility in improving corporate brand, increasing customer loyalty, motivating employees and improving corporate reputation, as well as its positive impact on society, environment and sustainable development goals.

2. EU waste management

The EU throws away 654.38+03 billion tons of garbage every year, of which 40 million tons come from harmful waste. 67% of these wastes are treated by incineration or burial, both of which will have a devastating impact on the environment. In the Sixth Environmental Action Plan, the EU identified waste prevention and management as one of its four priorities. The EU plans to reduce the waste entering the "final disposal" stage by 20% from 2002 to 20 10, and by 50% by 2050, with special emphasis on reducing hazardous waste.

Legal framework of waste management

Waste management laws and regulations

Waste management framework

★ Description of waste framework

★ Description of hazardous waste

Description of specific waste

Waste oil treatment instructions

★ Instructions for Industrial Waste of Titanium Dioxide

★ Instructions for continuing to use batteries containing hazardous substances.

★ Description of packaging and packaging waste

★ Instructions for handling polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polychlorinated terphenyls (PCT)

★ Description of environmental protection, especially protecting soil, especially when irrigating crops with sewage sludge.

★ Description of the ship that produces wastes and cargo residues.

★ Description of abandoned electronic and electrical equipment

★ Description of scrapped vehicles

Processing procedures and equipment

★ Description of hazardous waste incineration.

★ Waste Burying Directive (Council Directive 99/31/EC);

★ Description of garbage incineration

Transport, export and import within the EU

★ European supervision and control of waste import, export and transportation.

★ Application regulations and procedures for transporting certain wastes to non-OECD countries.

3. Integrated product policy (IPP)

In order to promote green products and sustainable development, the Fifth European Environmental Action Plan (1992) put forward a product-oriented environmental policy, the goal of which is to deal with the environmental impact of products and services and the use efficiency of energy resources. Develop a framework to integrate existing EU policies on environment, health, industry, waste and chemistry.

EU directives related to IPP include: product packaging and waste management directives; Instructions for recycling used vehicles; RoHS (restricting the use of harmful substances in electronic and electrical equipment); Waste electrical and electronic equipment directive (WEEE).

4.3R (Reduce Consumption, Reuse and Recovery)

(1) Reduce consumption

Reducing resource consumption is also often called garbage prevention, that is, reducing consumption and discarding. Reducing consumption includes buying durable products and using products and packaging without harmful substances as much as possible. Reducing consumption is actually based on preventing the generation of garbage, so reducing consumption is the best method of waste management and a long-term solution for environmental protection.

(2) Reuse

Reuse is also the best way to recycle. Reusing products by maintaining donations or reselling can reduce the generation of garbage. By reducing consumption and reuse, we can save natural resources, reduce toxic waste and reduce costs.

(3) recycling

Recycling is a series of activities, including collection, classification and treatment. Through recycling, garbage materials can become valuable resources and become the profit subject of environment, economy and society.