In what way will mankind leave the earth in the future?

With the rapid development of human civilization, the earth's resources are also rapidly consumed, the environment is constantly destroyed and the population resources are constantly increasing. Sooner or later, the earth will face the situation that it can't survive, and human beings must collectively immigrate to other planets.

Since exploring the universe, human beings have been looking for terrestrial planets and planets suitable for human survival to prepare for future immigrants. After constant search, we really found many terrestrial planets, but we just need to choose the ones closer to the earth. Even if the earth-like planet too far away is exactly the same as the earth, we can only give up and can't reach it at all.

The closest terrestrial planet to the solar system is also 4.23 light years, about 40 trillion kilometers. So it will take tens of thousands of years for our most advanced spacecraft to reach this earth-like planet at a speed of 50 thousand kilometers per hour.

The life span of human beings is only about 100 years, which means that it takes hundreds of generations for human beings to reach this earth-like planet. Of course, the immigrant spacecraft is not only an aircraft, but also a home for human reproduction and survival. We're going to live in an immigrant ship for tens of thousands of years. The immigrant spacecraft is equivalent to a human society and needs a complete earth ecosystem. All the problems in our life must be solved on the spaceship. Spacecraft is the ecosystem of human civilization.

Spacecraft needs water that can be recycled, and it also needs to plant all kinds of crops and breed all kinds of carnivores to ensure the most basic material foundation for human reproduction and survival. After solving the problem of human survival, the spacecraft must also have a super propulsion system, which is the key to determine how long it takes for humans to reach the earth-like planet 4 light years away.

The chemical fuel propulsion system we currently use is definitely not feasible. It can't adapt to the speed needed in the universe. At least use a nuclear fusion power engine. If humans can apply antimatter, it will be better to study more powerful antimatter engines, which can greatly shorten the time for spacecraft to reach earth-like planets.

Of course, these preparations are based on the premise that the spacecraft does not have a strong propulsion system. If human beings develop for thousands of years in the future and the spacecraft has the ability to fly at the speed of light, it only takes four years to reach the planet 4.3 light years away, and the preparation work will not be too complicated.

There is a more powerful one, which is to use wormholes. Modern scientists put forward the concept of wormholes, and there may be many natural wormholes in the universe. If we can detect these natural wormholes by computer or other methods and have the ability to detect the space opposite the wormhole, maybe we can quickly reach the depths of the universe through the wormhole.

Once a wormhole can be used to travel through space, it is equivalent to flying faster than light, and the distance of 4 light years may only take a few minutes. Of course, this is a way to use natural wormholes in the universe. If human civilization develops faster, maybe tens of thousands of years later, human civilization will be able to make its own wormholes. As described in science fiction movies, every spaceship has the ability to open wormholes. When it passes through a wormhole, it can reach the depths of the universe hundreds or thousands of light years away in an instant.

At this time, we can no longer look down on this distance of only 4.3 light years. A light-year distance may be equivalent to several meters for human beings, and human steps will travel all over the universe, even reaching the edge of the universe and even leaving our side of the universe, provided that the existence of the multiverse needs to be proved.