A brief introduction to Jiexiu in more detail.

History·

Jiexiu has a long history. The earliest recorded history of Jiexiu in domestic historical records is in the fifth year of Duke Yin of Lu in the Zhou Dynasty (718 BC). It is known as the "Hometown of the Three Sages" because of the three famous sages in history: Jie Zitui who cut his stock to serve the emperor during the Spring and Autumn Period, Guo Linzong who read extensively in the classics during the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Wen Yanbo who served as a general for fifty years during the Northern Song Dynasty. The total area is 744 square kilometers and the total population is 372,500. Jiexiu has a long history. The earliest recorded history of Jiexiu in domestic historical records dates from the fifth year of Duke Yin of Lu in the Zhou Dynasty (718 BC). At that time, the Bo of Quwozhuang attacked Yi, and the marquis of Jin Yi rushed to follow him. They followed him to the east of Jiexiu City, which was then the place where the officials of Jin Dynasty met for food. In 636 BC, Duke Wen of Jin returned to the country to reward his entourage. Jie Zitui did not say anything and lived in seclusion in Mianshan with his mother. Duke Wen of Jin burned the forest to seek talents, but Zitui died hugging a tree with his mother. Later, Jiexiu was named after Jiezi recommended Xiu here. Since 514 BC, Jiexiu has historically established Wu County in the east, Pingzhou City in the west, prefectures and counties under the First Emperor of Qin, and Jiexiu in the urban area, which were later changed to Jiemei, Jiexiu, and Pingchang. During the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Dingyang County was once home to overseas Chinese. During the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Jiexiu County was established. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Jiexiu County and Jiezhou were once established. Before the neighboring county of Lingshi was established in 590 AD, it had always been the Jiexiu area. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Jiexiu County was established, and during Jiezhou County, it also controlled Pingyao County. Xiaoyi was merged into Jiexiu County several times in history. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, Jiexiu county and territorial relations remained basically unchanged. In February 1992, with the approval of the State Council, Jiexiu was removed from the county and reestablished as a county-level city. The administrative region remained unchanged and it was still under the Jinzhong Administrative Office. It currently governs 7 towns, 3 townships, 232 administrative villages, and 5 sub-district offices.

·Natural environment·

1. Area and orientation

Jiexiu City is located in the south-central part of Shanxi Province, on the north side of Taihang Mountain. The ground spans between 111°44′10″-112°10′14″ in east diameter and 36°50′01″-37°11′04″ in north latitude. It stretches from Renjiabao Village, Anzhen Town, to the north, to mugwort slope at the top of Mianshan Mountain, to Getatou Village, Yitang Town, to the west, and to Nanyaotou Village, Zhanglan Town, in the east. It borders Pingyao and Fenyang in the northeast, Lingshi in the southwest, Qinyuan in the southeast, and Xiaoyi in the northwest. The widest point from east to west is 38.5 kilometers, and the length from north to south is 38 kilometers. The total area is 744 square kilometers, accounting for 0.47% of the total area of ??the province.

2. Landform

The entire terrain of Jiexiu is higher in the south and lower in the north, with an altitude of 740-2487 meters. The south is a mountainous area, with the main peaks including Mianshan and Tianfeng Mountains, etc., belonging to the Taiyue Mountains, covering an area of ??312 square kilometers, accounting for 42.09% of the city's total area; the central part is a hilly area, covering an area of ??191.7 square kilometers, accounting for 25.86% of the city's total area; the north It is Pingchuan District, with an area of ??237.6 square kilometers, accounting for 32.05% of the city's total area.

3. Climate

Jiexiu is located in the mid-latitude continental monsoon climate region and has a warm temperate continental climate. The annual sunshine hours are more than 200 days every year, about 2,500 hours.

There are fewer hilly areas than plains, and the south is less than the north. According to meteorological data statistics from 1954 to 1994, the city's annual average temperature is 10.4°C, with small temperature changes in winter and summer. The general distribution trend is to increase from south to north and decrease from plains to hills and mountains. The city's average annual precipitation is 477.2 mm, which is generally concentrated from July to September. The average frost-free period is 175 days, and its distribution trend is that the plains and hills are longer than the southern mountainous areas.

·Folk Customs and Culture·

Since ancient times, Jiexiu has been "a place where merchants gather and the people have a lot of things." During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the four main streets in the county were lined with shops, "like a metropolis". In addition to shops selling Beijing goods and groceries, the markets in Zhanglan, Nghe An, Hongshan and Yitang towns also have banks, pawnshops, Jinzhu shops and other businesses. At the ancient temple fair in Zhanglan Town every year in late September, Wenshui leather goods, Qinzhou hemp goods, Hunyuan harnesses, Shangdang medicinal materials, and Inner Mongolia mules and horses are put on the market. There have always been many people in Jiexiu who used capital to do business abroad. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Fan family of Zhangyuan Village in Jiexiu, who was awarded the title of Imperial Merchant by the imperial court, was the leading foreign copper merchant in the trade with Japan. During the Daoguang period, among the 15 ticket companies initially established in Shanxi, 6 were led by the Hou family of Beijia Village in Jiexiu, with a capital of 7 to 8 million taels, making them the richest household in the "Huitong Tianxia" bank account. During the Tongzhi period, the Wuji brothers of Jiexiu Beixin also changed Qian Shengxiang Buzhuang and Deji Buzhuang into ticket numbers, becoming one of the giants in the Three Jins.

Jiexiu is a collection of humanities and was once known as the "Hometown of Three Sages" (Jie Zitui in the Spring and Autumn Period, Guo Linzong in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Wen Yanbo in the Northern Song Dynasty). The famous national players of the past dynasties Cai Yong, Li Shimin, Zhang Jiuling, Li Shangyin, Zhao Xu, Gu Yanwu, Fu Shan and natives Ru Lunchang, Song Tingkui, Niu Fuquan, Tian Zhuangyi and the "Mianshan Four Mountains" Dong, Liang, Wang and Ren were introduced. Xiu's magnificent mountains and rivers collapsed, and he wrote many popular poems and quatrains. The rise of Jiexiu masters is due to the fact that the rulers of the past dynasties paid attention to education and were good at enlightenment. Before the Song Dynasty in Shanxi Province, there were only a few county schools in Yonghe, Jiexiu and Jishan. Jiexiu started to establish county schools in the third year of Xianxiang in the Tang Dynasty (672). In the Ming Dynasty, a talent academy was built next to the Confucian Temple. In the Qing Dynasty, the number of Jinshi students in Jiexiu examination reached 64, ranking fourth in the province after Anyi, Pingding and Yangcheng.

Jiexiu’s traditional handicraft industry has a long history. Before the Tang Dynasty, three kilns were opened in Caipinggou, Hongshan, namely coal kiln, mud kiln and bowl kiln. At the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the Song Dynasty, Hongshan ceramics industry and county vinegar industry had already reached large-scale production.

Jiexiu ceramics are mainly Hongshan white porcelain, and the printing and engraving ware produced are bold and unrestrained, without losing the true character of folk kilns. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were records of glass firing in Jiexiu. By the Ming Dynasty, Jiexiu glass making reached its peak. There are now Zhangbi Ancient Castle, Chenghuang Temple in the city, Shitunbei Guangwenji Temple, Lingshi Zishou Temple, etc. The buildings are all masterpieces of Jiexiu craftsmen. Jiexiu mature vinegar has the advantages of bright black color, delicious flavor and non-deterioration. It is said that the Dasheng mature vinegar from Yingzhou, Anhui Province in the Ming Dynasty and the old mature vinegar from Qingxu, Shanxi Province in the Qing Dynasty were passed down by Hou Dasheng and Wang Laifu from Jiexiu respectively. During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, the papaya yellow wine brewed by "Xianhengyong" in Ngee'an was mellow and delicious, with bright color. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), it won the Silver Award at the Panama International Wine Competition.

Shili rural customs are different. Jiexiu urban and rural areas have always had two meals a day (after the 1970s, the city government changed it to three meals due to work and rest schedules), and everyone has the custom of drinking tea. In addition, according to historical records, the villagers of Jiexiu were simple and honest, and they were anxious to pay tribute and did not dare to give up. The scholars were afraid of etiquette and respected integrity and integrity. However, the people in the city also have the bad habits of competition and extravagance and worshiping the Buddha and praying repeatedly. According to the "Jiexiu County Chronicles" of the past dynasties, there are 149 larger temples and ancestral halls in Jiexiu (including 77 Buddhist temples and 47 Taoist temples).

The people of Jiexiu have a glorious tradition of struggle. In 304 AD, the Huns Liu Yuan rebelled against the Jin Dynasty and sent general Qiao Yu to capture Jiexiu. Jiexiu County Magistrate Jia Hun and his wife resisted unyieldingly and sacrificed their lives for the country. Their national integrity has been shining brightly in Chinese history for thousands of years. During the eight years of anti-Japanese struggle, the Jiexiu people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, formed an army, opened up base areas and fortress villages, and launched an indomitable struggle against the Japanese invaders under very difficult conditions. By the time of the Liberation War, the number of party members of the Communist Party of China in Jiexiu County had grown to 986, and the number of militiamen had grown to 3,100. 154 outstanding cadres followed the army south to join the ranks of the liberation of China, and a front-line team of 8,376 people participated in During the battle to liberate Taiyuan, "People's Daily" published a front-page report on "Jiexiu Migrant Workers' Meritorious Service". During the war years, 1,694 people in Jiexiu were brutally murdered by the Japanese invading troops. A group of good cadres such as County Party Committee Secretary Shang Gongshu, County Magistrate Gao Jianping, and Workers’ Guerrilla Instructor Han Kui gave their precious lives for the revolution.