Examination for teachers' recruitment: preparing for the break of sentences in classical Chinese in Chinese subject.

is based on multiple-choice questions, and sometimes the test is true or false.

second, analysis of test sites and suggestions for preparing for the exam

this part mainly examines the candidates' mastery of the basic knowledge of classical Chinese reading, including dredging the meaning of the text, punctuation, grammatical structure, mastery of content words and function words, and mastery of special sentence patterns.

Candidates can prepare for the exam from the following three aspects:

1. Strengthen accumulation, mainly aiming at content words and function words. Accumulate attention grasping skills, such as classified memory.

2. master the corresponding problem-solving skills, such as learning to grasp the signs, and make full use of the exclusion method in sentence sequencing.

3. Do more questions, especially practice the important and difficult knowledge.

Third, the method of sentence-breaking guides

Sentence-breaking is a traditional way to examine classical Chinese and a basic skill to learn classical Chinese. To distinguish sentence reading, it is necessary to comprehensively use the common sense of ancient Chinese words and phrases and ancient history and culture, so the ability to judge sentences has become an important symbol of the ability to read classical Chinese.

the most basic thing for sentence breaking in classical Chinese is to understand the whole article. Therefore, we should first read the article through several times before breaking sentences, so as to have an overall perception of the full-text content, break what can be broken first, then gradually narrow the scope, and then concentrate on analyzing difficult sentences, and make corresponding adjustments based on the relationship with context. Don't look at it at the same time, which is likely to lead to misunderstanding and misinterpretation. In addition, when breaking sentences, we should also pay attention to the genre and language style of the article. If punctuation is needed, the use and writing of punctuation should be standardized. In daily practice, we should strengthen reading training and enhance our sense of language.

(1) noun disjunctive syntax.

Read the full text and find out the names of people, places, things, dynasties, countries and official positions. These nouns are often used as subjects or objects in sentences. Then consider: who, what to do, what way to use, what results to achieve, etc.

(looking for verbs) In classical Chinese sentence patterns, the subject-predicate structure is mostly, but the subject is often omitted. With the help of sentence elements, the key is to grasp verbs, take verbs as the center, find the structural relationship before and after, and determine the trunk, thus breaking sentences.

It should be noted that in classical Chinese, names of people often use their full names when they first appear, and when they appear again, they will only be nominated without mentioning their surnames. For example, in "Battle of Red Cliffs", "At the beginning, Lu Su heard about Liu Biao's pawn", the full name was used first, and the following "Su Jing welcomes him" and "Su Xuan Quan Zhi" no longer mentioned the surname.

Example 1: Zhuge Liang's second visit to Weibin shook Guanzhong, and Wei Mingdi was deeply afraid of Jin Xuanwang War, so he appointed Xin Pi as his military adviser.

Example 2: (Zhao was trapped in Qin) Qi people and Chu people voted for Zhao. Zhao people lack food, Su Yu Qi, Qi Wang Fu Xu. Zhou Zi said: The husband Zhao is in Qi and Chu/covering up his teeth/his teeth are cold when his lips die/his teeth are cold when he dies today/he will suffer from Qi and Chu tomorrow/he will save Zhao/Gao Yiye/he will become a master of Qin/he will become famous/he should not love millet for this/he who works for the country/he will live too long.

2. Function words break syntax.

① The common phrasal words placed at the beginning of a sentence in classical Chinese are: fu, Gai, Yan, Wei, Si, etc.

② The modal particles placed at the end of the sentence are: Ye, Yi, Hu, Zai, He (Yi), Yan, Ye (Xie) and so on;

③ With, Yu, Wei, Ze, and, they are often used in sentences, and there are always sentences before and after them; (When the word "and" indicates a turning point and is followed by a long and complete sentence, the word "and" should be broken before it)

④ Some function words are generally located at the beginning of a sentence, and sentences are usually broken before these words. For example: Qi Fu, Ruofu, Naifu, Ji Er, Zhi Ruo, So, although, as for, is the reason, to make, even if and so on.

⑤ interrogative modal particles: He, Hu, An, Gou, Xi, Mi, Yan, which, which, what, what, what, what, what, and what, can generally form interrogative sentences, so long as the context is clear, sentences can be broken.

⑥ The related words in complex sentences: although, although, vertically, even though, to make, if, Gou, therefore, is the reason, then, naturally, or, situation, and situation, and, if, as for, to if, already, then, whether, not, are generally disconnected in front of them.

For example, Yu You lamented that the ancient people's view of heaven and earth, mountains and rivers, vegetation, insects, fish, birds and beasts often gained something, and they sought for the depth of their thoughts, but they were everywhere. ("A Journey to Baochan Mountain")

3. Dialogue markers are syntactic.

In classical Chinese, dialogues and quotations are often marked by "yue" and "cloud". When two people talk, names usually appear in the first question and answer, and then only "yue" is used, and the subject is omitted. When you meet a conversation, judge both sides of the conversation according to the context to break sentences.

4. Special sentence patterns break syntax.

Special sentence patterns and formats in classical Chinese are of great help to sentence reading in classical Chinese.

Judgment sentences, passive sentences, interrogative sentences, inverted sentences and other fixed formats. "such as? What's the situation? ""What (with)? Fixed sentence patterns such as "Wei".

5. Rhetorical methods break syntax.

Classical Chinese also pays attention to rhetoric, and truthfulness, parallelism, duality, symmetry and repetition are common rhetorical methods in classical Chinese. Regular sentence patterns, with more than four or six sentences, are another major feature of classical Chinese. Using these two characteristics, we can break sentences better. For example:

① The truth:

A son gives birth to a grandson/a grandson gives birth to a son/a son has a grandson "

② Symmetry:

For example, Sun Yat-sen sighed with shame, saying," It's less difficult to be with unexpected people than to feel sad when it's unexpected. I won two people with a cup of mutton soup and a pot of food when I died. "

③ Repetition:

Example:" Who am I and Xu Gongmei in the north of the city ","Who am I and Xu Gongmei "and" Who am I and Xu Gongmei "(Zou Ji satirizes coachable, the king of Qi)

These sentences appear repeatedly in the article at intervals. Grasping this feature will naturally help to break sentences.

6. Looking back and examining carefully? Look back after the topic is finished and examine it carefully according to the requirements.

Suggestion for preparing for the exam:

Master memorization skills, sort out and accumulate.

To master the discrimination method, we can comprehensively use sentence breaks from three aspects: notional words, function words and special sentence patterns.

Pay attention to the analysis of the types of mistakes in the process of doing the questions, and look for ways to break sentences from the wrong answers.