The life of the characters in Wei's novels

190 1 year1kloc-0/year was born in Xichang Town, Hai 'an County, Jiangsu Province in July. Wei's grandfather was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. He has been the town director for more than 30 years, and has done many things such as running schools, building bridges and repairing roads. His father inherited and ran the family business. Wei studied in Nantong No.7 Middle School when he was a teenager. He was appreciated by the older generation of linguists, Sun Jinbiao (Bolong) and Xu Ang (Yi Xuan), who had deep roots in Chinese studies, and was influenced by Ganjia's style of study. He loves to listen to written exegesis and is very interested in "primary school".

19 18, graduated from Nantong middle school, 19 19, Wei was admitted to Peking university preparatory school, and she worked part-time to maintain her studies with the financial aid of 40 yuan, a Jiangsu society. During his preparatory study, he was very interested in the study of folk songs and dialects.

19 19 was admitted to Peking University, and she worked part-time to maintain her studies with the quarterly subsidy from 40 yuan of Jiangsu Association of Hometown Association. At that time, Peking University had a glorious period of communication with a group of famous scholars such as Cai Yuanpei, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Lu Xun, Liu Bannong, Qian and Hu Shi. Wei became Qian's favorite pupil at Peking University.

192 1 Enter the Department of Chinese Studies of Peking University and study while working. Under the guidance of famous experts such as Qian, Shen Jianshi, Ma Yuzao and Shen, I became familiar with professional knowledge such as writing, phonology and exegetics, and laid a solid foundation. During this period, he revised the notes of ballads published in Beijing Morning Post for Gu Jiegang and studied the dialect words. Participated in collecting ballads, compiling weekly ballads, sorting out archives of Ming and Qing dynasties, compiling reference books, archaeological surveys, dialect surveys, folk surveys and other activities. He also participated in the reception and management of the Forbidden City by the Qing Committee. This experience in the field of China studies has greatly broadened Wei's horizons and tempered his abilities in ballad research, national heritage sorting and language construction.

192 1 Enter the Department of Chinese Studies of Peking University and study while working. Under the guidance of famous experts such as Qian, Shen Jianshi, Ma Yuzao and Shen, I became familiar with professional knowledge such as writing, phonology and exegetics, and laid a solid foundation.

1923, when he was still studying in Peking University, he wrote a proposal for collecting all ballads with phonetic symbols and slogans. He thought that when collecting and recording ballads, we should pay attention to the sound and adjust the actual pronunciation and slogans, so as to obtain real and valuable dialect investigation materials, which is of great help to linguistic research. In addition, he also wrote some articles about the study of folk songs, such as the words and tones of folk songs, the repetition of duets, the locality of slang and so on. Later, under the guidance of Qian, he separated the rhyme from the rhyme, and then compared it with the rhyme of Guoyin, and wrote a long article "The Rhyme of the Rhyme", which is not only a good dialect investigation report, but also a summary of his study of ballads and dialects in his student days.

1925, Wei graduated with honors and stayed as a teaching assistant to assist Liu Bannong in the work of "Language and Music Law Laboratory". 1928, Wei participated in the Preparatory Committee for the Unification of Mandarin and was promoted to the Standing Committee, which was composed of Cai Yuanpei and Hu Shi. During this period, Wei participated in the decision to use Jingyin as the national language standard (now called Putonghua), implemented the phonetic alphabet and the national language Roman script program, held workshops and founded publications.

From 65438 to 0925, Qian founded Mandarin Weekly to defend the vernacular, and Wei was one of the main contributors.

1925, graduated from Chinese Department of Peking University. He has taught in Peking University, China-France University, Imperial University of Korea, Southwest Associated University and Sichuan Baisha Women's Normal University. He has served as a teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor, professor, dean of the department and director of education, and concurrently taught in Fu Jen Catholic University, yenching university and Women's Normal University.

From 65438 to 0928, under the recommendation of Mr. Qian, he joined the Preparatory Committee for the Unification of Chinese Language and Characters of the Ministry of Education, served as one of the seven members of the Standing Committee, and was responsible for editing the Exegesis of Chinese Language and Characters. At the age of 27, he also served as the librarian of the Dictionary Compilation Department.

1928, Cai Yuanpei invited Qian,, and others to set up a preparatory meeting for unified mandarin. Wei participated in the work of the meeting and was promoted to the Standing Committee with seven people, including Qian, Chen Maozhi. Wei participated in all major activities related to the Mandarin Movement, made great efforts and achieved fruitful results.

From 65438 to 0929, Wei returned to the Chinese Department of Peking University as a teaching assistant, associate professor and professor until the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War. In eight years, he devoted himself to teaching and scientific research, and his academic thoughts became more and more mature. His research on literary phonology and exegetics pays attention to the combination with China's practical work and advocates serving the actual needs. By studying the history of Beiping phonology, he thinks that Beiping phonology is the latest result of the evolution of China Mandarin. To this end, he published "Talking about Zhe Er" and "Asking for Love as thirteen quotations of Beiping phonology".

From 65438 to 0930, Wei was one of the successful people in phonological research after Wang Guowei. He published a series of papers on the study of ancient rhyme. For example, according to the point system of Qieyun and the rhyme books of the Six Dynasties, this paper studies several rhyme books before Qieyan in Lv Fayan, and according to the differences of rhyme books in Tang and Song Dynasties, explains the Evolution of Rhyme Book System in Tang and Song Dynasties, which complements and develops the previous theories.

1935, the monograph on the history of phonology, Ancient Phonology, is his masterpiece. The book is about 300,000 words. The author expounds his own views on the stages, contents, materials, methods and conditions of studying ancient phonology and the practical problems in the study of ancient phonology. Wei's achievements in attacking sound teaching for many years. It not only brings together the experience of predecessors in studying phonology, but also creates conditions for future generations to continue their in-depth research. Besides its phonological value, it is also an indispensable reference book for the study of dialectology and exegetics. It also occupies a place in the study of Chinese phonetics and has won high praise and appreciation from scholars at home and abroad. During this period, Wei successively offered eight courses, including introduction to phonology, dialect research, phonology research, folk literature and art speech, phonology history and ancient music research.

1940, the Preparatory Committee for the Unification of Putonghua was renamed the Putonghua Promotion Committee. Wei was transferred from The National SouthWest Associated University to Baisha, Sichuan. He founded the "Putonghua Specialized Course" in the National Southwest Women's Teachers College. This is one of the three Putonghua courses offered by the National Language Promotion Committee.

194 1 year, China New Rhyme, which he participated in compiling, was explicitly promulgated by the then National Government and became a national rhyme book.

Around 1944, the "Mandarin Promotion Committee" set up two strongholds to promote Mandarin in the northwest and Chongqing, which were responsible for the northwest and Wei was responsible for Chongqing.

1In August, 945, Wei was "seconded" by the Education Department of the Office of the Chief Executive of Taiwan Province Province to promote Putonghua in Taiwan Province Province. As the chairman of Taiwan Province Putonghua Promotion Campaign Committee, he made every effort to promote Putonghua in Taiwan Province Province, making Taiwan Province Province the first province in China to promote Putonghua. Immediately, Mr. He Rong, the vice chairman, and others began to promote Putonghua. Wei et al. made a serious investigation and study on the present situation and problems of Taiwan Province compatriots in learning Putonghua, and based on their professional education as linguists and many years' experience in Putonghua movement, drew up six plans for Putonghua movement in Taiwan Province. Put forward the method of "learning Putonghua according to the law of Taiwan Province dialect corresponding to Putonghua"; He has published many articles in newspapers and periodicals, such as explaining the significance of the Putonghua Movement in Taiwan Province Province, why we should advocate learning Putonghua from Taiwan Province, how to learn Putonghua from Taiwan Province, matters needing attention in learning Putonghua, the influence of Japanese language on the pronunciation of Taiwan Province Province, and the misunderstanding of our pronunciation by Japanese people. To guide the development of Mandarin movement in theory.

In April, 1946, Taiwan Province Provincial Putonghua Promotion Committee was formally established, with Wei as its chairman. Because the Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province forced the enslavement education for half a century, most middle-aged people in Taiwan Province Province can still speak their mother tongue, but they have been deeply influenced by the enslavement education, so they retreat to the narrow scope of their families and speak, write, read Japanese documents and communicate in their mother tongue. Most teenagers can't speak their mother tongue. After the recovery of Taiwan, Taiwan Province compatriots were enthusiastic about learning Mandarin. In order to speed up the popularization of Putonghua, Wei put forward several practical principles for popularizing Putonghua in Taiwan Province Province, such as: restoring Taiwanese dialects and learning Putonghua from dialect comparison; Pay attention to reading the words in the national voice and extradite the pronunciation of Taiwanese to the national voice; Study the part-of-speech comparison between Taiwan Province Province and Putonghua; Infiltrate China culture with phonetic symbols and so on. At his suggestion, the radio station offered a lecture on Mandarin. During this period, he wrote articles such as "The Program of Mandarin Movement", "The Japanese Wrong Our Phones" and "Matters needing attention in learning Mandarin", which gave direct and timely guidance to the Mandarin Movement in Taiwan Province Province.

1946165438+10, Wei made a special trip back to Beiping to recruit "Mandarin promoters" to go to Taiwan and sent them to people's education centers all over Taiwan Province Province to help carry out the Mandarin campaign.

1948 10 He did the last thing to promote the Mandarin movement in Taiwan Province Province, that is, he moved the Mandarin tabloid based in Beijing to Taiwan Province Province with people and equipment, founded the Mandarin Daily and immediately returned to Beijing to be a professor of Chinese Department in Peking University.

From 65438 to 0948, Wei returned to his alma mater, Peking University, and became a professor of Chinese Department. Soon, Beiping was peacefully liberated, and he actively participated in teaching, scientific research and various social activities with the mood of "welcoming the prosperous times". He has served or concurrently served as the director and deputy director of the Chinese Department, the president of Xinhua Dictionary Society, the standing editorial board of China Chinese magazine, and the member of China Language and Character Reform Committee. He participated in the formulation of the simplified Chinese character scheme (the first batch) and wrote a lot of articles, expounding the significance, possibility and necessity of Chinese character reform, the development direction of Chinese character reform and the correct attitude towards Chinese character reform.

1 April, 949, referring to everyone's opinions, he drew up a scheme for compiling a dictionary, and envisaged the "ten characteristics" that a dictionary should have:1. Compile real language phenomena; 2. unify the shape with sound; 3. Arrange the words according to their meanings; 4. Word segmentation by language; 5. Use meaning; 6. Collect living languages widely; 7. Seeking words by sound; 8. Choose words according to their meanings; 9. Suitable for the public; 10. Selected appendices. Make it a basic tool suitable for the needs of the general public. 1950, Wei was invited to the General Administration of Publishing to take the lead in establishing Xinhua Dictionary Society. In August, Xinhua Dictionary Society was established in Japan, with Wei as its president, and began to preside over the compilation of Xinhua Dictionary. Under the direct guidance of Ye Shengtao and the joint efforts of all my colleagues, Xinhua Dictionary was finally published in June 1953+00 after three years' efforts. The book has 700,000 words and 6,840 words. Wei's original thought of "ten words" is further summarized as a general example of "unifying words by sound, expressing meaning by words and expressing meaning by words" This whole example of the word 12 reflects Wei's consistent "sound-oriented" biography, and it is a new dictionary that "abandons the previous emphasis on language and ignores language". Where is the "new"? Xinhua Dictionary printed 65438+ ten thousand copies for the first time, and its publication was well received by the masses. After several revisions and reprints, it has become an indispensable helper for people to learn culture.

1950, Wei was invited to take the lead in establishing the Xinhua Dictionary Society and concurrently served as its president, and began to preside over the compilation of Xinhua Dictionary. After three years' efforts, Xinhua Dictionary was published in 1953+00. There are 700,000 words in the book, including 6,840 words, which are characterized by "rejecting words with sound, unifying meaning with words, and unifying words with meaning", which embodies Wei's consistent idea of "taking sound as the foundation". Yuan Jiahua, a famous linguist, commented that Xinhua Dictionary has got rid of the stereotype of "a word is true" in the old dictionary annotation, and the definition of each word is as clear as a word, which is really great.

1952 was hired as one of the members of China Character Reform Research Association 12 under the the State Council Municipal Commission of Culture and Education, and was the deputy director of the Character Finishing Group. He devoted himself wholeheartedly to the formulation of simplified Chinese characters, because his long-cherished wish will be realized in new China.

1954, Wei was promoted to be a member of the "seven-member group" decided by the fourth plenary session of the Economic Reform Research Association, and specifically presided over the revision of the fifth draft of the Simplified List of Common Words. It can be said that Wei has made great contributions to Chinese education and writing reform in China.

65438-0955 Mr. Wei was elected as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of China Academy of Sciences.

From 65438 to 0959, the specialty of classical literature was established in Peking University, entrusted by the state, and the professionals of ancient books collation were trained vigorously. Many of the students he has taught have become backbones and experts in the teaching and academic research of Chinese and classical literature in China. The representative work is "Research on Ancient Phonology", and the main works are included in Wei's anthology.

1972, entrusted by the Central Committee, Wei went to Peking University to attend the symposium on criticizing Lin Biao's criminal evidence held by the Beijing Municipal Committee.

1June, 973, entrusted by the Central Committee, he was sent to attend the second symposium on criticizing Lin Biao's criminal evidence.

From 65438 to 0979, his kidney function was seriously damaged, but he still gritted his teeth and insisted on carefully reading the manuscript of Ci Yuan, often working late into the night. 1980 February 18 He finally died of illness.

1980 February 18 Wei died of illness at the age of 79.